21世纪大学实用英语综合教程2 Unit 2.ppt

Unit2-main1,I.Objectives,II.SuggestedTeachingPlan,III.BackgroundInformation,IV.ClassPresentation,Unit2-main2,PartIListening,PartIIReading,PartIIISpeaking,PartIVTranslation2.understandthemainideaofTextAandTextB,aswellasmastertheusefulsentencestructures,wordsandexpressionsfoundinthetwotextsfollow-upexercises;3.appreciatetherhetoricaldeviceofrepetition;4.beabletoreadanintroductiontoacompanyoranorganization;5.beabletowritearsum.,Objectives,I.Objectives,II.SuggestedTeachingPlanforUnit2,II.SuggestedTeachingPlanforUnit2,D.playsthefirstdialogueoncemoreforthedetailssothatstudentswillhavenotroubleansweringthequestions;,Theme-relatedListening,A.keepsthethemeinmindwhilemakingatransitionfromtheshorttalktothetwodialogues;B.handlesUsefulLanguageinauniqueway,e.g.,askingstudentstodescribeapersonwiththewords;C.playsthefirstdialogueonce,ortwiceifnecessary,andasksstudentstodotheT/Fexerciseasrequiredtoexplorethemainidea;,Objectives3,Sections3,4B.makesameaningfultransitiontoTextA;,F.checkstheanswersinameaningfulway,e.g.,paraphrasingtherelevantdetails.,3periods,Objectives3,E.playstheseconddialogueonce,ortwiceifnecessary,andthenasksstudentstodothelisteningcomprehensionexercises;,Objectives3,TextAB.givesthestudents10minutestoreadTextAandgetageneralideaofthewholetext.,TextATheteacherA.discussesthewholetextwiththestudents;B.guidesthestudentsthroughtheexercises,focusingoncertainitemsorleavingsomeexercisesasthestudentshomework,dependingontheirlevels.,Objectives4,Time,TheteacherA.asksthestudentstogooverthetextanddothesubsequentmultiplechoicequestions;B.whilediscussingthetextwiththestudents,callsthestudentsattentiontosentencewhichcontainsrepetition;C.letsthestudentsworkonthevocabularyandlanguageuseexerciseseitherinorafterclass.,1.5periods,TextBB.givesthestudents5to10minutestodotheexercise.,1period,Speaking,TheteacherA.fullyunderstandswhattheexercisesareintendedtodo;inEx.1goesthroughthelistofusefulexpressionstoseewhatisnewtostudentsandthenmakessurestudentsknowwhattwocategoriesarebeforetheydotheexercisesasrequired;,C.asksclasstoreadloudthedialogueinEx.1beforedoingtherole-playeitherwithorwithoutthescript;D.inEx.2asksclasstorecallhowtheteachersstoryendstoelicittheimportanceofsayingthankyou,andthenasksonestudenttoreadloudtheexamplemonologuebeforeencouragingsomestudentstocarryoutthetask.,Objectives6,TranslationandWriting,TimetoRelaxB.helpsthestudentslearnhowtowritearsumbydoingthefirstexerciseinPracticalWriting,andthenrequiresthemtodothenexttwoexercisesafterclass;,1period,C.playsthesong“IBelieveICanFly”inclassandletsthestudentssingalongwiththesinger;D.ifpossible,playsthevideointheWorkbookinclassandletsthestudentsdotheexercisebasedonthevideo.,Objectives7,BackgroundInformation-main,AcademicGradingintheUnitedStates,DoctorofMedicine,AcademicgradingintheUnitedStatesmostcommonlytakesontheformoffivelettergrades.Historically,thegradeswereA,B,C,D,andFAbeingthehighestandF,denotingfailure,thelowest.Inthemid-twentiethcentury,manyAmericaneducationalinstitutionsespeciallyintheMidwest(particularlytheStateofMichigan)begantousethelettersA,B,C,D,andE.TheonlydifferencehereisthatfailureisdenotedbyEinsteadofF,whichisnotusedbytheseschools.TheAF(AE)qualityindexistypicallyquantifiedbycorrelationtoafive-pointnumericalscaleasfollows:A=4.0B=3.0C=2.0D=1.0E/F=0.0Chromaticvariants,representedby+and,arecommonlyused.Theyaremostcommonlyquantifiedasx.3andy.7,e.g.,B=3.0,soB+=3.3andB=2.7).,III.BackgroundInformation1,AcademicGradingintheUnitedStates,DoctorofMedicine(MD,fromtheLatinMedicinaeDoctormeaning“TeacherofMedicine”)isadoctoraldegreeforphysicians.Thedegreeisgrantedbymedicalschools.AdmissiontomedicalschoolsintheUnitedStatesishighlycompetitive,withabout17,800outofapproximately47,000applicantsreceivingatleastoneacceptancetoanymedicalschoolinrecentapplicationyears.Beforeenteringmedicalschool,studentsmustcompleteafour-yearundergraduatedegreeandtaketheMedicalCollegeAdmissionTest(MCAT).BeforegraduatingfromamedicalschoolandachievingthedegreeofMedicalDoctor,mostschoolsrequiretheirstudentstotaketheUnitedStates,Objectives2,DoctorofMedicine,MedicalLicensingExamination(USMLE)Step1andboththeClinicalKnowledgeandClinicalSkillspartsofStep2.TheMDdegreeistypicallyearnedinfouryears.,Objectives12,PartIListeningListentotheupcomingshorttalkandcompletetherelatedstatementsbelowaccordingly.Gettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagefirstmightbehelpful.,UsefulLanguagedelivery/n.传递transmission/n.传播character/n.品格influence/n.影响perceive/vt.察觉quality/n.优点attitude/n.态度hidden/a.潜在的impact/n.影响self-construction/n.自我打造,PartIListening,1,1)Whatdoyoumeanwhenyousaythatyoulikethewayyourteacherorinstructorintheclassroom?2)Ateacherofgoodcharactercanhelpstudentsdeveloptowardslife.3)Agoodstudentcanalsohaveahiddenpositiveimpact.,carrieshimselforherself,apositiveattitude,onhisorherteacher,_,_,_,Script,Script:Hiclass,Idliketobeginbydrawingyourattentiontowhatgoesonbetweenteachersandstudentsintheclassroom.Youmightsayitisthedeliveryofknowledge.Oryoumightsayitisthetransmissionofinformation.Isthereanythingelse?Believeitornot,thereisindeedsomethingelse.Howaboutcharacter?Dontyouthinkthereisanymutualinfluenceofcharacter?Forinstance,whatdoyoumeanwhenyousaythatyoulikeyourteacherorthatyoulikethewayyourteacherorinstructorcarrieshimselforherselfintheclassroom?Atsuchtimes,areyouonlytalkingaboutknowledgeorinformation?Dontyouthinkyoucanperceivethequalitiesofagoodteacheraswellasthoseofagoodstudent?LetmeexplainwhatImeanbyqualities.,Ateacherofgoodcharacteraddspowertohisorherwords.Suchateachercanbeaninspirationtostudents,helpingthemtobuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.Atthesametime,astudentofgoodcharactercanalsohaveahiddenpositiveimpactontheteacher.Fromtheabove,wecansaythatthoughthecharactersofpeopleinteractwitheachotherwithoutwords,theynonethelessoftenplayapowerfulroleinself-construction.,Hiclass,Idliketobeginbydrawingyourattentiontowhatgoesonbetweenteachersandstudentsintheclassroom.Youmightsayitisthedeliveryof1).Oryoumightsayitisthetransmissionof2).Isthereanythingelse?Believeitornot,thereisindeed3).Howaboutcharacter?Dontyouthinkthereisanymutualinfluenceofcharacter?Forinstance,4)whenyousaythatyoulikeyourteacherorthatyoulikethewayyourteacherorinstructor5)intheclassroom?Atsuchtimes,areyouonlytalkingabout,Listentotheshorttalkagainandfillintheblanksbelowwiththemissingwords.,Objectives22,knowledge,_,2,information,_,somethingelse,_,whatdoyoumean,_,carrieshimselforherself,_,knowledgeorinformation?Dontyouthinkyoucan6)thequalitiesofagoodteacheraswellasthoseofagoodstudent?LetmeexplainwhatImean7).Ateacherofgoodcharacter8)tohisorherwords.Suchateachercanbe9)tostudents,helpingthemtobuilda10)towardslife.Atthesametime,astudentof11)canalsohaveahiddenpositiveimpactontheteacher.Fromtheabove,wecansaythatthoughthecharactersofpeopleinteractwitheachother12),theynonethelessoftenplayapowerfulroleinself-construction.,addspower,Objectives23,_,byqualities,perceive,aninspiration,_,_,_,positiveattitude,_,withoutwords,_,goodcharacter,_,HelenandElvisaretalkingaboutthequalitiesofagoodteacher.Listentotheirconversationandthendecidewhethertheconversation-basedstatementsbelowaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Gettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagefirstmightbehelpful.,UsefulLanguageshoot/vi.请发问concentration/n.注意力dedication/n.奉献devote/v.献身responsibility/n.责任kindof相当，有点,Objectives24,3,1)Heleniscomplainingaboutherteacher.2)AsElvissays,agoodteacherconveysgoodqualitiesintheclassroom.3)HelenandElvisseeeyetoeye(看法一致)onthefactthatadedicatedteachermusthaveahighsenseofresponsibility.,F,_,T,_,T,_,Script:,Helen:MayIaskyouaquestion,Elvis?Elvis:Shoot.Helen:Whatwouldyousaymakesareallygoodteacher?Elvis:Youhaverecentlymetone?Oryoufeellikecomplainingaboutateacheryouhavenow?Helen:Actually,IthinkIhavejustmetone.Itendtolearnfastwithhim.IdontknowwhyIhavebetterconcentrationandunderstandbetterinhisclassthaninothers,butIdo.Elvis:Learninghastodowithmorethanhiswords.Theresalwayssomethingbeyondwordswithateacher.,Objectives25,Script:,Helen:Whatdoyoumean?Elvis:Imtalkingaboutthequalitiesofagoodteacher.Agoodteacherhasdedicationandisdevotedtohisstudents.Helen:Thatstrue,myteacherhasahighsenseofresponsibility.Elvis:Hemusthave,oryouwouldntfeelhisdedication,andbelearningfromit.Yourteacherissuretobeamanofcharacter.Helen:Youreright.Ifeelhowhecarrieshimselfintheclassroomhasakindofhiddenimpactonmyattitude.Elvis:Thatsthegiftofagoodteacher.Helen:NowonderIlikehim.,Objectives25,1)WhohasHelenmet?2)HowisHelengettingalonginclass?3)WhatisElvistryingtodo?4)Whatqualities,accordingtoElvis,doesagoodteacherhave?,Sheslearningfastbecauseshehasbetterconcentrationandunderstandingintheclassroom.,Listentotheconversationagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.,Shehasmetagoodteacher.,HeistryingtoexplaintoHelenwhatmakesagoodteacher.,_,_,_,4,Agoodteacherhasdedicationanddevotiontohisstudents.Andhehasahighsenseofresponsibility.,_,5)WhatdoesHelensayaboutherteacher?,Shesaysthathowhecarrieshimselfintheclassroomhasahiddenimpactonherattitude.,_,KarenandMargaretaretalkingaboutagoodteacher.Listentotheirconversation,andthenanswerthequestionsbelowbychoosingthebestresponse.Gettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagefirstmightbehelpful.,UsefulLanguageseparate/vt.分开heart-to-heart/a.坦诚的interaction/n.互动Igetyou.=Isee.,Script:,5,Script:Karen:Whenitcomestolearning,itishardformetoseparatetheteacherfromstudentspositivelearningexperience.Margaret:Imsorry,Imnottooclearwhatyoumeanbythat.Karen:ThepointImtryingtomakeisthatagoodteacherisresponsibleforbuildingthekindofgoodlearningenvironmentinwhichstudentslearnbest.Margaret:ButIwonder:howdoesateacherdothat?Karen:Throughcertainpositivebuthiddenqualitiesheorshebringsintheclassroom.Margaret:Hmm,Isensewhatyouaresaying,butdontgetyou100%.,Objectives28,Karen:Letmeexplainabitmore.Agoodteacherdoesntjustfeedstudentsnewinformation.Heorshealsoknowshisorherstudentswell.Imeangoodteachinginvolvesnotonlyface-to-facecommunication,butalsoheart-to-heartinteraction.Margaret:Ah,nowIgetyou!Karen:Thatsthespecialtalentofagoodteacher.Margaret:NowIseewhymyteacherissoverypopular.Karen:Thebestkindofteacherhasanotherrarequality.Heorshecanbelikeacandle,whichconsumesitselftolightthewayforothers.Margaret:Wow,wellsaid!Maybeyoushouldteach,Objectives29,1)WhatdoesKarenemphasizethatateacherisinseparablefrom?Knowledgeoftheworld.C)Studentsyearsofeducation.D)Trainingfortherealworld.2)How,accordingtoKaren,doesagoodteacherbuildagoodlearningenvironment?Bychanginghiswayofteaching.B)Byaddingnewknowledge.D)Byencouragingmorelearning.,Objectives30,B)Studentspositivelearning.,C)Throughpositivecharacterqualities.,3)WhatdoesKarenmeanby“heart-to-heartinteraction”?A)Agoodteacherknowshisorherstudentsabilitieswell.C)Agoodclassroomenvironmenthastwo-waycommunication.D)Itisyourowndutytolearn.4)WhathasMargaretcometounderstand?Whatherteacherteaches.C)Howherteacherraisesquestions.D)Whyherteacherissoknowledgeable.,Objectives31,B)Goodteachersaresensitivetotheirstudentsandlearnfromthemtoo.,B)Whyherteacherissopopular.,5)Whatisthemostimportantthingagoodteacherdoes?A)Helpingstudentsbuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.B)Actingasaninspiration.C)Lightingtheway.,Objectives32,D)Alloftheabove.,PartIIReading-main3,TextAATeachersStory,PartIIReading,TextBFollowYourDream,Exercises,Exercises,PracticalReading,ATeachersStoryElizabethSilanceBallard1AsMrs.Thompsonstoodinfrontofher5thgradeclassontheveryfirstdayofschool,shetoldthechildrenalie.Shelookedatherstudentsandsaidthatshelovedthemallthesame.Butthatwasimpossible,becausethereinthefrontrowwasalittleboynamedTeddyStoddard.2Mrs.ThompsonhadwatchedTeddytheyearbeforeandnoticedthathedidntplaywellwiththeotherchildren,thathisclothesweremessyandthatheconstantlyneededabath.AndTeddycouldbeunpleasant.ItgottothepointwhereMrs.Thompsonwouldactuallytakedelightinmarkinghispaperswitharedpen,makingboldXsandthenputtingabig“F”atthetopofhispapers.,PartIIReadingTextA,TextA1,1)WhatwastheliethatMrs.Thompsontoldherstudentsontheveryfirstdayofschool?,Shetoldherstudentsthatshelovedthemallthesame,whichwasimpossible.,2)WhatwasTeddylikeintheeyesofMrs.Thompson?,IntheeyesofMrs.Thompson,Teddywasanunpleasantboy.Hedidntplaywellwiththeotherchildren,hisclothesweremessyandheconstantlyneededabath.,Question1,Para.1ofTextAQuestionsaboutThisParagraph,开学第一天，当汤普森夫人站在她教的五年级那个班的前面时，她对孩子们说了一个谎。她看着她的学生，说她完全一样地爱他们每个人。但这是不可能的，因为坐在前排的就有一个叫泰迪斯托达德的小男孩。汤普森夫人一年前已在观察泰迪，注意到他跟其他的孩子玩得不好，他的衣服很脏，他经常需要洗个澡。泰迪有时会很讨厌。讨厌到竟然让汤普森夫人以用红笔给他的卷子评分、在上面醒目地打很多叉，然后再在试卷的上方写上一个大大的F(不及格)为乐。,ChineseVersion,ChineseVersion,一位老师的故事伊丽莎白塞兰斯巴拉,AsMrs.Thompsonstoodinfrontofher5thgradeclassontheveryfirstdayofschool,shetoldthechildrenalie.开学第一天，当汤普森夫人站在她教的五年级那个班的前面时，她对孩子们说了一个谎。句中ontheveryfirstdayofschool中的副词very此处修饰first，加强语气。very可以置于形容词最高级或own,first,last,next,same等词之前，以加强语气。又如：,AsMrs.Thompson.,Notes,Theywantedtheverybestquality.Atlasthehadhisveryowncar(=belongingtohimandtonobodyelse).,他终于得到了专属于他自己的汽车。,他们就想要质量最好的。,Mrs.ThompsonhadwatchedTeddytheyearbeforeandnoticedthathedidntplaywellwiththeotherchildren,thathisclothesweremessyandthatheconstantlyneededabath.汤普森夫人一年前已在观察泰迪，注意到他跟其他的孩子玩得不好，他的衣服很脏，他经常需要洗个澡。句中三个that引导的句子并列，同属动词noticed的宾语。,Mrs.Thompson.,Notes,ElizabethSilanceBallard/伊丽莎白塞兰斯巴拉德,ElizabethSilanceBallard,LanguagePoints,Mrs.Thompson,LanguagePoints,Mrs.Thompson/汤普森夫人,Teddy,LanguagePoints,Teddy/特迪(男子名，Theodore的昵称),ItgottothepointwhereMrs.Thompsonwouldactuallytakedelightinmarkinghispaperswitharedpen,makingboldXsandthenputtingabig“F”atthetopofhispapers.(泰迪)讨厌到竟然让汤普森夫人以用红笔给他的卷子评分、在上面醒目地打很多叉，然后再在试卷的上方写上一个大大的F(不及格)为乐。It指代上文AndTeddycouldbeunpleasant。副词where指的是theplaceorsituationinwhich。又如：Ithinkyouhavegottothepointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwillfail.,Itgottothe.,Notes,我想你已到了必须有所改变的地步，否则你将要失败。,此外，markinghispaperswitharedpen,makingboldXsandthenputtingabig“F”atthetopofhispapers这三个动名词结构同属短语动词takedelightin的宾语。F表示failure(不及格)。美国学校常用5个字母代表成绩等级，即A(优)、B(平均以上/良)、C(一般水平/中)、D(平均以下)和F(不及格)。,Itgottothe.,Notes,infrontof:aheadof;before在前面；在前,infrontof,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.IfyourephoningfromoutsideLondon,dial01infrontofthenumber.,从伦敦以外的地方打来电话，要先拨01再拨电话号码。,房子前面有一棵树。,messy/a.dirtyanduntidy肮脏的；凌乱的,messy,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Comeonin.Sorry,myroomisabitmessy.Wedontwantthingstogetmessy,dowe?,我们不想让事情变复杂，不是吗？,进来坐坐吧，不过我的房间有点乱。,constantly/ad.allthetime;repeatedly始终；一直；重复不断地,constantly,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thetwosistersareconstantlyatwarwitheachother.Sheisconstantlyworryingabouthersonshealth.,她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着。,这两姐妹不时发生争执。,unpleasant/a.notpleasant令人不快的；令人讨厌的,unpleasant,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Aseriesofunpleasantthingshappenedlastweek.Theboysdirtyshirtgaveoffanunpleasantsmell.,这男孩的脏衬衫散发出难闻的气味。,上周发生了一系列不愉快的事情。,takedelightin:getmuchpleasurefrom(doingsth.)以为乐,takedelightin,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thelittleboytakesdelightinreadinghistorybooks.Mychildtakesdelightinplayingonlinegamesduringhissparehours.,我的孩子闲暇时以玩网络游戏为乐。,这个小男孩喜欢读历史书。,delight/n.feelingofgreatpleasure高兴；愉快；快乐,bold/a.勇敢的，大胆的；黑体的，粗体的,bold,LanguagePoints,3AttheschoolwhereMrs.Thompsontaught,shewasrequiredtorevieweachchildspastrecordsandsheputTeddysoffuntillast.However,whenshereviewedhisfile,shewassurprised.4Teddysfirstgradeteacherwrote,“Teddyisabrightchildwithareadylaugh.Hedoeshisworkneatlyandhasgoodmanners.”5Hissecondgradeteacherwrote,“Teddyisanexcellentstudent,well-likedbyhisclassmates,butheistroubledbecausehismotherisveryillandlifeathomemustbeastruggle.”,TextA2,6Histhirdgradeteacherwrote,“Hismothersdeathhasbeenhardonhim.Hetriestodohisbestbuthisfatherdoesntshowmuchinterestandhishomelifewillsoonaffecthimifsomestepsarenttaken.”7Teddysfourthgradeteacherwrote,“Teddyiswithdrawnanddoesntshowmuchinterestinschool.Hedoesnthavemanyfriendsandsometimessleepsinclass.”,TextA2,1)WhatdidtheschoolwhereMrs.Thompsontaughtrequiretheteacherstodo?,Itrequiredtheteacherstorevieweachchildspastrecords.,2)WhatdidTeddysfirstgradeteacherthinkofhim?,Hisfirstgradeteacherthoughthewasabrightchildwithareadylaugh.Hedidhisworkneatlyandhadgoodmanners.,3)WhywasTeddytroubled,accordingtohissecondgradeteacher?,Becausehismotherwasseriouslyillandhislifeathomewasastruggle.,Question1.1,Para.2-7ofTextAQuestionsaboutThisParagraph,Question1.2,4)WhatdidMrs.ThompsonlearnfromthereportofTeddysthirdgradeteacher?,Teddysmothersdeathhadbeenhardonhim.Hewastryingtodohisbestbuthisfatherwasntshowingmuchinterest.,5)WhatbecameofTeddyinhisfourthgrade,accordingtohisteachersrecord?,Teddybecamewithdrawnanddidntshowmuchinterestinschool.Hedidnthavemanyfriendsandsometimessleptinclass.,在汤普森夫人任教的学校里，要求老师们审阅每个孩子过去的成绩报告单，汤普森夫人把泰迪的报告单一直拖到最后才看。然而，当她审阅他的卷宗时，她大吃了一惊。泰迪的一年级老师写道：“泰迪是个随时爱笑的聪明孩子。他做的作业整齐干净而且很有礼貌。”他的二年级老师写道：“泰迪是个极好的学生，同学们都很喜欢他，但他很苦恼，因为他母亲病得很重，家里的生活肯定很艰难。”,ChineseVersion,ChineseVersion,他的二年级老师写道：“泰迪是个极好的学生，同学们都很喜欢他，但他很苦恼，因为他母亲病得很重，家里的生活肯定很艰难。”他的三年级老师写道：“他母亲的死对他打击很大。他想要竭尽自己的全力，但他的父亲没有表现出多大兴趣，如不采取一些措施，他的家庭生活将很快对他产生影响。”泰迪的四年级老师写道：“泰迪性格内向，对学业没有多少兴趣。他没有很多朋友，有时在上课时睡觉。,ChineseVersion,ChineseVersion,Teddyisabrightchildwithareadylaugh.泰迪是个随时爱笑的聪明孩子。areadylaugh中的ready用于名词之前，意为easilyandquicklyproducedoravailable。又如：,Teddyisabright,Notes,Ihavenoreadyanswerforthatquestion.Mr.Smithgavehisreadyconsenttothisproposal.,史密斯先生爽快地同意了这个提议。,对于那个问题我没有现成的答案。,hishomelifewillsoonaffecthimifsomestepsarenttaken.如不采取一些措施，他的家庭生活将很快对他产生影响。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。又如：,hishome,Notes,Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.Ifyouleaveyourcarparkedinthewr