阅读理解--推断题解题方法

TypesofReadingComprehension,推理判断型,事实细节型,词义猜测型,阅读命题类型,主旨大意型,2007-2012年高考英语阅读理解考点分布,Readingcomprehension,-推断题,推断题分类,Classification,Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat_.Thewritersuggeststhat.Thestoryimplies/indicatesthat.Wecaninfer/concludefromthepassagethat.,题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude，indicate(暗示)等标志性词语。,Questionforms:,Thewritersattitudetowardis_.Thewriterthought/believedthat_.,Questionforms:,Thewriterspurposeofwritingthispassageisto_.B.Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto_.C.Thewriterusestheexampleoftoshowthat_.D.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_.,Questionforms:,Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom/appear_.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof_.Whatislikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?,Questionforms:,技巧点拨1、推断隐含意义：针对细节推断,推理判断,1）注意原文中的虚拟语气和情态动词，往往流露作者的弦外之音；,四注意：,2）注意文中或选项的措辞，如形容词前用了too,rather,so等，常表否定语气；,3)注意某些过渡词，如：however,but,onthecontrary等，其后内容才是正确观点,4）注意原文的时态和选项的时态是否一致；,2）推断过度的片面结论，是学生的主观臆断，不选,三不选：,1）原文信息的简单重复，非推断结论，不选,3)符合考生已有常识，但文章没有信息支持，不选,1）通读全文，领会文章/文段主题思想，作者观点一般与文章主旨相关；,技巧点拨,2.作者态度或观点题,2）注意作者文中措辞，尤其表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。,1.说明文中，作者的态度:objectiveneutral2.在议论文中，有：(1)positive(2)negative(3)neutral(4)approval(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)ironic(8)critical(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic(11)cautious(12)admiring,客观的,消极的,漠不关心的,赞成的,不赞成的,乐观的,悲观的,中立的,积极的,讽刺的,批评的,中立的,谨慎的,崇拜的,1）把握文章主旨大意，对于推测写作目的有很大帮助；,技巧点拨,3.推断写作目的,篇章结构,2）分析作者的论述方法，了解文章的结构，推断写作目的,Brainstorming,Tointroducesth,Tosellaproductorservice,Toarractreadersattention,Toattractreaderstopayforatriptosomeattraction,Tocallon,Toresiststh,Toamusereaders,Toargueagainstandsupportonesownidea,1）了解文章的内容和结构，注意报纸类，广告类，产品说明类等文章的特点，作出准确判断2）后续内容的判断，应把握作者的写作思路，理清段与段之间的关系，注意事件的发展，根据因果或对比关系作出判断，尤其注意最后一段的内容，留意最后几句话,技巧点拨,4.推断文章出处和下续,Brainstorming,Consolidation,1.Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalledthedeathwatchbeetle.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesoundofthisbeetle_.A.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.,Practice1,2.Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach.Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit.Ifyoudontturnitbackover,alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto（依附）theundersidewilldie.Thepassageimpliesthatrocks_.hurtseaanimalsprotectseaanimalsC.wontbefoundonbeachesD.cantbefoundonbeaches,Practice2,Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment,itwas_.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects,Onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches（蟑螂）andtwospiders（蜘蛛）.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well，”repliedtheman，“ImmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”,Practice3,5.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Maryfeelspityforherself.B.Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease.C.Marywantstohelpothersasmuchaspossible.DMarydeterminestogobacktothedancefloor.,Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor，sherefusestofallintoselfpity.“Everybodyonearthcanask，whyme？aboutsomethingorother，”sheinsists.“Itdoesntdoanygood.Nooneisimmune(免疫的)toheartachepain，anddisappointments.Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers.IvecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasIvegrownupthissecondtime.IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe.”,高考链接-2010湖南卷,4,Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardsthemoderntechnology?A.CriticalB.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Negative.,Therewasatimewhensomepeopleslivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle.Nomulti-taskingthere;theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace,andinafamiliarpattern.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedoso,wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfaced;theyfarmedwithbarehands,oftenlivedclosetohunger,andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.,高考链接-2010江西卷,6,Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_.A.testthereadersknowledgeaboutwavesB.drawthereadersattentiontothetopicC.showJamieTaylorsimportanceD.invitethereaderstoanswerthem,“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,”hesaid.,高考链接-2010湖南卷,7,TheCostofHigherEducationManypeoplebelievethathighereducationshouldbefreebecauseitisgoodfortheeconomy(经济).Manygraduatesclearlydocontributetonationalwealth,butsodoallthebusinessesthatinvest(投资)andcreatejobs.Ifyoubelievethatthegovernmentshouldpayforhighereducationbecausegraduatesareeconomicallyproductive,youshouldalsobelievethatthegovernmentshouldpaypartofbusinesscosts.Anyonepromisingtocreatejobsshouldreceiveagiftofcapitalfromthegovernmenttoinvest.Therefore,itistheindividual,notthegovernment,whoshouldpayfortheiruniversityeducation.,高考链接-2010北京卷,TheauthormentionsbusinessesinParagraph5inorderto_.AargueagainstfreeuniversityeducationBcallonthemtofinancestudentsstudiesCencouragegraduatestogointobusinessDshowtheircontributiontohighereducation,8,Dontwanderaimlesslythroughlife.Getfocusedonyourgoals,starthelpingothersinneed,andlivelifetothefullest!Lifeis