名词性从句与定语从句区别及练习

名词性从句典型错误例析,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idontknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.,Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?,Idontknowwherehehasgone.,Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.,规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.,Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.,Myideaisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.,Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.,Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.,Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris.,Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent.,HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether：（1）位于句子开头；（2）前面有介词；（3）引导表语从句；（4）与ornot连用。,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。,问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？,名词从句与定语从句的主要区别,成分上的区别：名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分？,1.Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,5.Ivisitedthecountrywhich/thathadbeenbombedbytheUS-ledNATO(美国为首的北约)amonthbefore6.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.8.IhadneverseensuchagoodfilmasIwatchedlastnight.,结论一：名词从句充当句子的主要成分；定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。,2.引导词含义上的区别：引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？,1.Thathecamebackmadeusveryhappy.2.Imsorry(that)Ivemadeamistake.3.Thefactisthathisbarkisworsethanhisbite.4.Wordcamethathewouldcometoseeusall.,5.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.6.KennedyandJohnson,bothofwhomweremurderedintheirterms,onceco-workedaspresidentandvice-president7.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizesthathavenotbeenofferedtoanyChineseactororactressbyfar8.TheOscaristheonlyoneofthefilmprizesthathasnotbeenofferedtoanyChineseactororactressbyfar,9.Thedaysaregoneforeverwhenweusedforeignoil.10.Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.11.Thisisthevillagewheremyfatheroncelivedforseveralyears.12.1980,whenChinesegovernmentbeganitsreform,isanimportantyearforChina.,结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。,3.关于that:that在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？,1.Hepretended(that)hedidntseeme.Thatshelosthernecklaceonthewayhomemadehersoworried.Itisnecessarythatweshouldlearnasecondlanguage.4.ItissaidthatheworkshardatEnglish.,问题：that作何成分？,Theschoolthatmysisterstudiesatisfarfromhere.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.7.Itwassaidthatthatwasallthathesaid.8.Isthisthehousethatyouhaveboughtyourself?,(which),(which),问题：that作何成分？,结论三：名词从句中的that只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。定语从句中的that在从句中充当主语或宾语，有时可以与which互换。,4.引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：,as,且when,where等不能与in/on/atwhich互换。,whether,if,what,how,5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.-Hehasdone_hecantohelpme.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.-_Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.,allthat,Allthat,3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished._breaksthelawistobepunished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto_needsitmost.5.Wellrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.Wellremember_weturnedtoforhelp.6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo_hewantsthemtodo.7.Illreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.Illread_ofthebooks_yougiveme.,Anyonewho,anyonewho,Anyone(whom),anythingthat,any,that,6、其余问题：,1.误：Idontknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.,正：Idontknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.,正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.,3.误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.,正：Thereasonisthatheisill.,正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.,名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.itsD.that,7.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,13.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.whatlookmanlike15._the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter,19.Doyouremember_hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if20._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what21._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever,25._youdontlikehimisnoneofmyb