名师讲座 阅读理解之推理判断题

阅读理解之推理判断题.命题分析在阅读中，如果文章作者运用的语言比较直率，表达比较直截了当，那么即便我们仅仅理解其字面意思，也不会影响我们的理解。然而，大多数情况下，我们所读的文章比较含蓄，作者经常把需要我们理解的意思不直接表达出来，而期待我们去领悟文章的内在含义。这种情况下，如果我们只理解语言的字面意思，就会妨碍我们对文章真正内涵的理解。我们只有通过作者所提供的信息，进行推,完形填空专题系列之（一）,名师讲座,理、作出结论，才能达到真正理解文章的目的。在推理时，我们必须：1理解文章的字面意义；2注意作者遣词造句的特点，弄清词的含蓄意义；3时刻提醒自己，作者想让我们推断什么；4利用文章中明确表示的内容，进行推理，挖掘作者在文章中的隐含意义。,推理判断题的命题方式一般有：Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_Thestorysuggeststhat_Thewriterofthispassageintendsto_Thewriterspurposeofwritingthepassageisto_Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom_Thewriterofthepassageconsidersit_Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecharacterofsomething?,.技法指导1要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。2要对文章的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断，进行符合逻辑的推理。3要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知。不能主观臆断、凭空想象，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。4要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。,推理判断是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。关键是要对文章已给的信息进行合理的分析判断，做到“有理有据”。考生应主要注意以下几点：,(2012辽宁卷)IfConfucius(孔子)werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.Hedneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday，fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.Itsnothingpersonal.MostAmericansdontevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.,.以例说法,ButthisdoesntmeanthatAmericansdontcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently，theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyand,philosophy(哲学)SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.,Sotheoldthinkersideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever，anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest，evenifhisbirthdayis.,64Theopeningparagraphismainlyintendedto_AprovidesomekeyfactsaboutConfuciusBattractthereadersinterestinthesubjectCshowgreatrespectfortheancientthinkerDprovethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations答案B提示：作者意图题。利用要诀7情感词汇推断法。,65WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents_AhaveagreatinterestinstudyingChineseBtakeanactivepartinChinesecompetitionsCtrytogethighscoresinChineseexamsDfightforachancetolearnChinese答案A提示：推理判断题。利用要诀1首尾定位法。,66Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?AForgottenWisdominAmericaBHugeFansoftheChineseLanguageCChineseCultureforWesternersDOldThinkerwithaB