层次分析法---文献翻译

888大学毕业设计(论文)文学翻译主题层次结构过程医院，部门(部门)计算机科学技术学院专业和班级方案科0903班姓名888指讲师888天2013年3月Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThe analytic hierarchy process(AHP)Is a structured technique for helpping people deal with complex decisions . rather than prescribing abased on mathematics and psychology，It was developed by Thomas l . saaty in the 1970s and has been extensively stud and refined since then。the AHP provides a comprehensive And rationa L framework for structuring a problem，for re presenting And quantifying its elements，for relementsit is used througout the world in a wide variety of decision situations，in fields such as government，business，industry，healthcareserver al firms supply computer software to assist in using the process。users of the AHP first decompose their decision problem into a hierarchy of more easily comprehended su B- problems，Each of which can be analalemsthe elements of the hierarchy can relate to any aspect of the decision problemtangle or intangable，Carefully measured or roughly estimationOnce the hierarchy is built，the decision makers systemmatically evaluate its various elements，Comparing them to one another in pairs。in making the comparisons，the decision makers concrete data about the elements，Or they can use their judgments about the elements relationsit is the essence of the AHP that human judgments，And not just the underlying information，can be used in performing the evaluations。the AHP convertts these evaluations to numerial values that can be processed and compared over the entire range of the problem . a numerical weight or pthis capability distinguishes the AHP from other decision making techniques。In the final step of the process，Numerical priority are derived for each of the decision alternatives。since these numbers represent the alternatives relative to achieve the Decision goal，they allow a straight forward considerations of the variesUses and applicationswhile it can be used by individuals working on straight forward decisions，analytic hierarchy process(Ahp)is most useful where teamsdecision situations to which the AHP can be applied include :choice-the selection of one alternative from a given set of alternatives，usually where there are multiple decision criteria invlved。ranking-putting a set of alternatives in order from most to least desirable priority-determining the relative merit of a set of alternativeresource allocation-apportion resources among a set of alternativesbench marking-comparing the processes in ones own organization with those of other best-of-breed organizationsquality management-dealing with the multi dimensional aspects of quality and quality improvementthe applications of AHP to complex decision situations have numbered in the thousands，And have produced extensive results in problems invoicisdeciding how best to reduce the impact of global climate change(fondazione Eni enrico matten)quantifying the overall quality of software system(Microsoft corporation)selecting university faceulty(blooms burg university of Penn sy)deciding where to locate offshore manufacturing plants(Cambridge)assessing risk in operating cross-country prtrolemum pipelines(美国土木工程师协会)deciding how best to manage u . s . watersheds(u . s . department of agriculture)AHP is some times used in designing highly specific procedures for particular situations，Such as the rating of buildings by historic signianceit was recently applied to a project that uses video footing to assess the condition of high Ways in Virginia。highway engineers first used it to determine the optimal scope of the project，then to justify its budget