英国文学笔记

brief outline of British literature history在1.medieval literature (5 a.d.-1485)(中世纪文学)Geoffrey Chaucer(1340-1400)2.the English renaissance(1500-1625)(文艺复兴文学)托马斯德(1478-1535)Edmund Spenser (1552-1599)克里斯托弗马洛(1564-1593)弗朗西斯巴恩(1561-1626)William shakes peare(1564-1616)3.the seventeenth century(17世纪文学)约翰米尔顿(1608-1674)约翰唐纳(1572-1631)约翰伯尼(1628-1688)4.英语启蒙运动和新古典文学(17th century-18th century)亚历山大波普(1688-1744)Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)亨利菲尔丁(1707-1754)5.romantism in England (1798-1832)(浪漫主义时代文学)罗伯特伯恩斯(1759-1796)William Blake(1757-1827)William words worth (1770-1850)Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834)乔治戈登拜伦(1788-1824)Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)约翰凯亚特斯(1795-1821)6.English Realism (1830s-1918)(现实主义时代文学)/维多利亚(1832-1901)罗伯特布朗(1821-1889)阿尔弗雷德坦尼森(1809-1892)珍奥斯滕(1775-1817年)The Bronte Sisters查尔斯迪肯斯(1812-1870)William make peace thackeray(1811-1863)托马斯哈迪(1840-1928)约瑟夫康拉德(1857-1924)Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)乔治伯纳德肖(1856-1950)7.Modernism (1918-1945)(现代主义文学)t . s . Eliot(1888-1965)William Butler Yeats(1865-1939)詹姆斯乔伊斯(1882-1941)弗吉尼亚伍尔夫(1882-1941)d . h . Lawrence(1885-1930)在在1.medieval literature (5 a.d.-1485)(中世纪文学)Beowulf 贝奥武夫 : the national epic of the English people。浪漫传奇：the most previoling kind of literature in feudal EnglandTheme: loyalty to king and Lordking Arthur and his knights of the round table 亚瑟王和他的圆桌骑士sir Gawain and the green knight 高文爵士和绿衣骑士Geoffrey Chaucer (1340 - 1400)literary position : the father of English poetrymasterpiece : the Canterbury tales 坎特伯雷故事集(old English)literary achievements : heroic couplet(英雄双韵体)2.the English renaissance(1500-1625)(文艺复兴文学)the word“renaissace”means revival(复活)。the term originally indicates a revival of classical(Greek and Roman)arts and sciences after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism(humanism : the essence of renaisanceEdmund Spenser(1552-1599): the poets poet master piece : the faerie oue ene 仙后托马斯德(1478-1535)Masterpiece: Utopia(乌托邦)克里斯托弗马洛(1564-1593): most gifted of the university wits .masterpiece : the tragical history of doctor Faustus . 浮士德博士的悲剧弗朗西斯巴恩(1561-1626)Literary Position:-the founder of modern science in England；one of the earliest essayist(随笔家)in English languageMasterpiece : Essays 论说文集Of Studies(关于阅读)William Shakespeare (1564-1616)Literary Position:“not of an age，but for all time”，the greatest giant of English language and poetic form，one of the founders of realism in world literature，one of the greatest writers in the world s literature。Literary Achievements:38 plays(喜剧)、histories(历史剧)、tragedies(悲剧)、tragicomedies/romances(喜剧)2 narrative poems154 sonnets(sonnets 1-126 addressed to a youngman，sonnets 127-152 addressed to dark lady ，sonnets 153-154 addressed to )Plays (4 periods)1.first period(1592-1594): his apprentice ship in plays。historical plays : king Henry VI 亨利六世，Richard 查理三世comedies : love s labour s lost 爱的徒劳2.second period(1595-1600): mature period，a marked increase in the knowledge of humanismRomeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶(4大喜剧): a midsummer night s dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第十二夜3.third period(1601-1608): flouring period，a period of gloomy and depression(四大悲剧): Hamlet 汉姆雷特Othello 奥赛罗King Lear 李尔王Macbeth 麦克白4.fourth period(1608-1612): the period of romantic drama in the form of tragi comediesre conciliation plays : the winter s tale 冬天的童话，the tempest 暴风雨3.the seventeenth century(17世纪文学)Historical background1.the English revolution and the Restoration。causes : the conflict between the monarch and parliement；The persecution of the Puritans2.the bourge ois dictatorship and the restorationglorious revolutiona bloodless revolutionConstitution al monarchy。约翰米尔顿(1608-1674)Literary PositionA master of the Blank versethe greatest English revolutionary poet of the 17 th centuryone of the greatest poets of the English languageLiterary Achievements诗paradise lost 失乐园(1667): his masterpiece the greatest epic in English literature。Paradise Regained (1671) 复乐园Samson Agonistes (1671) 力士参孙Paradise Lost 失乐园-约翰米尔顿1.IntroductionLong epic in 12 booksWritten in blank versebased on genesis 创世纪 in the old testamentdramatizes the biblical account of humanity s banishment。2.Theme-Milton s aimed purpose : justify the ways of god to man -real purpose :挑战the restored monarchGod-tyrannical，represents the kingSatan-reelling against monarchlove between Adam and evehuman pursuit for happines，the spirit of renaissace3.Writing features-Milton风格： sonority雄壮，ellon口才，Majesty威严，Grandeur威严The blank verse长嵌入的强度(Long and involved sentences)约翰唐纳(1572-1631)Literary Position-形而上学的基础上的(founder of Metaphysical School)-the greatest of the metaphysical poets。Literary AchievementsSongs and Sonnets 歌与十四行诗The Flea 跳蚤holy sonnets 圣十四行诗 : holy sonnet 10features of metaphysical poetry :-conceits(基础油)str