高中英语定语从句讲解练习及答案

定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1.Thestudents(whodontstudyhard)willnotpass先行词定语从句theexam.主句:,Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.,2.Thewoman(whomyousawinthepark)isour先行词定语从句Englishteacher.主句:,ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.,从句的主语：,you,从句的宾语：,whom,3.Ashoeshopisashop(whichsellsshoes).主句：,Ashoeshopisashop.,从句的主语:,which,4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：,Thebookisonthedesk.,you,that,引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。Theman(that/whotoldusafunnystory)isinthenextroom.,主语,Ilostthebook(that/which)yougaveme).,宾语,归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。,1)Aplaneisamachine_canfly.2)Thecar_myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents_dontstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman_yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.5)Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.,which/that,which/that/,who/that,whom/that/,that,1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.,2.Isthisfactorythatwevisitedlastweek?,theone,Thisfactoryistheonethatwevisitedlastweek?,3.Heisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.,for,4.ThepersontowhomyoutalkedisLily.,ThepersonwhomyoutalkedtoisLily.归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复2定语从句要避免漏用先行词3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,Jointwosentencesintoone:Theboyismybrother.Hehelpedme.,1.Theboywhohelpedmeismybrother.,Thefilmisinteresting.Theysawitlastnight.,2.Thefilmtheysawlastnightisinteresting.,Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydontworkhard.,3.Thestudentswhodontworkhardwillnotpasstheexam.,Fillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory_hisfatherworksislarge.5.Illneverforgetthetime_weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse_welivedlastyear.,that/which,when/onwhich,that/which,where,when/atwhich,where/inwhich,归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.,Fillinthegaps:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything_Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_itusedtobetwentyyearsago.,that,that,that/,that/,that,that,that,以下情况只能用that1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时5当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,Corrections:1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.,who,2.Whoisthecomradeyoujustshookhandswithhim.,3.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.,(wherewhich),4.ThisisthebestdictionarywhichIhaveeverused.,(whichthat),5.Thehousewhereweliveinisnotverylarge.,(wherewhich/that),6.Thehousethatitwasbuiltin1970stayedupintheearthquake.,“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear_mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,_mostpeoplehadhadsupper.,onwhich,duringwhich,inwhich,bywhich,B.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook_Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook_sheoftentalks?,forwhich,onwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,2.“介词whom/which”与“whom/which/that/介词”的转换。1）Thechaironwhichsheissittingismadeofwood.Thechair(which/that)sheissittingonismadeofwood.2)Isthisthebookwhichyouarelookingfor?介词for不能与look分开。3.way作先行词1)Theway(inwhich/that)helooksattheproblemsiswrong.,4.表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of,有时可用whose转换。1)Thereare100teachersinourschool,_60arewomenteachers.2)Hehasthreechildren,two_workasteachers.3)Thattablehasfourlegs,all_areveryshort.4)Impaintingahouse,theroof_isround.,Impaintingahousewhoseroofis.,5)Theyliveinahouse,_windowsfacesouth.,Theyliveinahouse,thewindows_facesouth.,ofwhom,ofwhom,ofwhich,ofwhich,whose,ofwhich,用介词关系代词填空1Theboywasstayingintheroom_windowhecouldclimbdown.2.Hestheman_Ilearntthenews.3.Whosthecomrade_youjustshookhands.4.Thereare52studentsinourclass,_nearly40areLeaguemembers.5.Iknowaladythehusband_isaNobelPrizewinner.6.Doyouknowthedriverwhocausedthetrafficaccident_amanwaskilled.7.Thisistheway_shestudiesEnglish.,throughwhose,fromwhom,withwhom,ofwhom,ofwhom,inwhich,inwhich,8.The5yuan_heboughtthebookwasgivenbyhisfriend.9.ThestoryaboutShakespeare,_thisisoneexample,iswellwritten.10.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses_hecantseeanything.11.Thekey_shewasopeningthedoorbroke.12.Thelibrary_weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.13.Nooneknowthereason_sheisleavingsoearly.14.Atlasttheycametoariver_anewbridgeisbeingbuilt.,forwhich,ofwhich,without,which,withwhich,towhich,forwhich,overwhich,关系代词引导的定语从句：Completethefollowingsentences:1.Isthistheschool_youvisitedlastyear?Isthisschool_youvisitedlastyear?2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_goodatmaths.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_goodatmaths.3.Thegirl_Ithinkwashonestliedtome.Thegirl_Ithinktobehonestliedtome.4.Chinaisnolonger_shewas10yearsago.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_shewas10yearsago.,(that/which),theone,are,is,who,whom,what,that,5.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom_youboughtlastmonth.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom_youboughtlastmonth.6.Doyoustillrememberthehotel_welivedlastsummerholiday?Doyoustillrememberthepark_wevisitedlastsummerholiday?7.Thisistheroom_mygrandmotherusedtolivedin.Thisistheroom_mygrandmotherusedtolived.,theone,what,inwhich,(that/which),(which/that),inwhich,8.Hehastwosons,andbothof_workasactors.Hehastwosons,bothof_workasa