牛津高中英语Grammar定语从句

GrammarandusageTheAttributiveClause,Whichbabydoyoulikebest?,Ilikethebabywho/that/whose,eathistoes,climbontheground,hairisup,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenD.thathavewritten,A,B,B,B,A,关系代词,Whatisthepictureusedfor?ThisisapicturefromwhichyoucanknowaboutthegrowingpainsinUnitTwo.Oh,Isee.Thatiswonderful.,Whoishe?Heisoneofthemaincharactersinthegrowingpainsfromwhomwecanknowthepersonalityofthemaincharacters.,1.Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep.+which,2.Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep.+whom,Attributiveclausesintroducedby“preposition+which/whom”,介词+关系代词,1.Whatsthenameofthegirl_youaretalkingwith.Whatsthenameofthegirlwith_youaretalking.,2.Thisisthedragon_ourChinesepeoplethinkabout.Thisisthedragonabout_ourChinesepeoplethink.,(whomwhothat),whom,(whichthat),which,介词+关系代词,1关系代词作介词的宾语介词未提前时：指人可以用that/who/whom，还可以省略指物可以用that/which，还可以省略介词提前时：不能省略,指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。,2.介词的选用原则Thisisthebook_Ispent8yuan.Thisisthebook_Ipaid8yuan.,spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配,paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配,onwhich,forwhich,1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定,Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms_Imnotsure？Englishisthesubject_heisgood.Generationisaproblem_peopleareinterested.,2)根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配,aboutofwhich,atwhich,inwhich,Iremembertheday_IjoinedtheLeague.Irememberthedays_Ilivedhere.Irememberthemonth_Istayedthere.3)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。,强调在具体某一天要用介词on,强调在某段时间内要用介词during,在month前介词要用in,onwhich,duringwhich,inwhich,Isthatthenewspaper_youoftenwritearticles?Tomalwayswearsapairofblackglasses_hecantseeanything.Hesstandingbythewindow_hecanseewhatshappeningoutside.4)根据从句与先行词的逻辑关系。,forwhich,withoutwhich,throughwhich,3.介词of+关系代词1)通常表示部分与整体的关系，前或后常有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。如：Heloveshisparentsdeeply,areverykindtohim.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。,bothofwhom,Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhich(=ofwhichsome)havegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom(=ofwhommost)arefrombigcities.,Completethefollowingsentences.Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,_.(其中3部是关于学校生活的)Hehasthreebrothers,(没有一个喜欢踢足球)_.,threeofwhichareaboutschoollife.,=ofwhichthree,noneofwhomlikesplayingfootball,=ofwhomnone,3.介词of+关系代词2)通常还表示所属的关系TodayIboughtanEnglishdictionary,thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.=ofwhichthepricewasreasonable=whosepricewasreasonableThehouse,theroofofwhichisredismine.=ofwhichtheroofisred=whoseroofisred,Practice,1.Thewoman_mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomJeannewasheroldfriend_sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom3.Hisglasses_hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokehisleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.thatSheisateacherofmuchknowledge_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom,B,B,C,D,5.Ihaveboughttwoballpens_writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem7.Chinahasmanyrivers_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich8.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolour_whichisbrightandnice.9.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook_whichtherearemanypictures.10.Whatwerethethings_whichhewasnottoosure?,B,C,of,in,about,关系副词引导的定语从句：,1、由where引导的定语从句。定语从句在修饰一个表示地点的名词时,常用where引导。Abookofficeisaplacewhereticketsaresold.Where在从句中做状语，相当于一个介词短语。在本句中相当于inwhich，所以此句可以改为：Abookofficeisaplaceinwhichticketsaresold.因此定语从句中关系副词where=介词+which.,Thisisthehousewherehelives.,=Thisisthehouse_helives.,=Thisisthehouse_helivesin.,inwhich,(which/that),Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点,1.Wewilldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where2.Hewasdrivingsofastastogethimselfintoadangeroussituation_heislikelytolosethecontroloverhiscar.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where,一些表示“情形、情况、场合、火候”这类的名词conditionsituationcasepoint等，都可以用where来引导定语从句。,2、定语从句在修饰一个表示时间的名词时，常用when引导。Istillremembertheyearwhenwestudiedtogether.When在从句中时间状语，其作用相当于一个“介词+关系代词”,Istillremembertheyear(which/that)westudiedintogether.,Istillremembertheyearinwhichwestudiedtogether.,3、由why引导的定语从句。关系副词why的先行词只有reason,在从句中表示原因状语。DoyouknowthereasonwhyIleftearly?Why在从句中作原因状语，其作用相当于forwhich.,Doyouknowthereason_Ileftearly?,但如果关系词在从句中不是作状语，而是作宾语时仍用that/which.Thereason_hegaveuswasunacceptable.,forwhich,that/which,关系代词和关系副词的选用。,在定语从句中到底选用关系代词还是关系副词要看它们在从句中所充当的句子成分来决定，有时同一个先行词往往关系词却不同。,1.ThisisthefactoryproducesTVsets.Thisisthefactorymyfatheronceworked.,2.Illneverforgetthedaywespenttogetherinthecountryside.Illneverforgetthedayhishousewasbrokeninto.,which/that,where,(inwhich),that/which,when,(onwhich),3.Isthisthereasonhetoldyou