高一英语人教课标必修1Unit5定语从句简述

1.何为定语从句？,定语从句AttributiveClause定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语等来担任。如果一个句子担任定语，这个句子就叫定语从句。定语从句可以修饰名词或代词，还能修饰整个句子。,如1.Themanwho(that)camefirstisJohn.修饰名词man2.Thehandkerchiefwhich(that)yougavemewasntclean.修饰名词handkerchief3.Myfatherdoesmorningexerciseeveryday,whichisgoodforhishealth.修饰整个句子,2.定语从句的构成,定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，而引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。如：Therewasayoungmanwholikedpaintings.句中，who为关系代词，定语从句wholikedpaintings修饰先行词ayoungman。再如：ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.句中，where为关系副词，定语从句whereIlivedlastyear修饰先行词thehouse。,3.关系词以及注意点,关系代词有which,that,who(m),whose;关系副词有when,where,why注意：关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一定的成分，又把两个句子连接起来，构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。例如：两个简单句Thankyoufortherecord.+Yougavemetherecord.主从复合句Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveme.Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougavemetherecord.(F)Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveittome.(F)说明：关系代词which/that代替前面的先行词therecord,已经在从句中担任宾语，所以再在从句中加therecord或it就重复了。,4.关系词如何用？,关系代词当关系代词在从句中作主语时，指人用关系代词who，that;指物用which,that.如：Themanwho/thatsatbesidemewasexcited.Thecarwhich/thatisoverthereismyfavorite.当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，指人用关系代词whom/that/who(非正式）,指物用关系代词which/that,口语中可以省略。如：Thedoctorwhom/that/shevisitedisfamous.Theblousewhich/that/shetriedonwassmall.当关系代词在从句中作定语，表示所有关系时，用whose(既指人也指物）如：Iliveinahousewhosedoorfaceswest.Iknowawomanwhosedaughterdied.,4.关系词如何用？,注意：在下列情况下，无论关系代词在定语从句中是作主语还是宾语，指人还是指物，都用that1.先行词带有最高级形容词，或有only,all等词修饰时；如：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Youaretheonlypersonthatcanhelpme.2.先行词为all,something,anything等不定代词时；如：Youcantakeanythingthatyoulike.AllthatIhaveisgivenbymyparents.3.先行词既指人又指物时；如：Doyouknowthepeopleandthingsthattheyaretalkingabout?,4.关系词如何用？,关系副词关系副词when,where,why分别表示时间，地点和原因，在定语从句中起状语的作用。如：Hetoldmethedatewhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.(相当于onwhich)Thisistheplacewhereheworks.(相当于atwhich)Nooneknowsthereasonwhyhesuddenlydied.注意：如果先行词是reason，关系词为why,that或省略。Thereasonwhy/that/hechangedhismindisnotclear.Thereasonwhy/that/shedidntgetthejobwasthatherEnglishwasnotgood.,5.更多的例句,1.Thehousewhich(that)standsonthehillismine.山上的那所房子是我的。（关系代词在从句中作主语）2.Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead.我认识那个父母双亡的小男孩。（关系代词在从句中作定语，修饰parents)3.ThisistheparkwhereIlostmywallet.这就是我丢失钱包的公园。（关系副词在从句中作地点状语，相当于there/inthepark.)4.Hedecidedtomovetoabigcitywherehecouldfindabetterjob.他决定移居到一个可以找到更好工作的大城市。5.Thewomanwho(that)isspeakingatthemeetingismymother.正在会上讲话的妇女是我的妈妈。,6.基础练习,把下面的句子改成定语从句：1.Iknowtheboy.HecanspeakEnglishwell.2.Maryboughtalittlebird.Itwasverypretty.3.Theseasonissummer.Itcomesafterspring.4.Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisateacher5.Thatbuildingismyuncleshouse.Itswalliswhite.6.Heisasinger.Ilikehissongsverymuch.7.ThemanwasAmerican.Ispoketohimyesterday.8.Icantfindthehouse.Myfriendlivesinit.9.Iknowtheboy.Youarelookingforhim.10.Thisisthetown.Hewasborninthetown.,6.基础练习,选择:1.Isthatthehouse_youboughtlastyear?A.whereB.Which2.Isthatthepicture_youarelaughingat?A.WhichB.where3.Itisthemostinterestingbook_Illeverread.A.whichB.that4.Thestreet-istotheparkisverynarrow.A.whereB.which,Key:1.B2.A3.B4.B,6.基础练习,5.Theperson_findsmywatchwillgetareward.A.whoB.when6.Thisistheroom_welistenedtothelecture.A.whichB.where7.Theboy_motherisillcannotcometotheparty.A.WhoB.Whose8.Tellmethereason_youarelate.A.whichB.why,Key:5.A6.B7.B8.B,6.基础练习,填空：1.Lookatthatlady_nameisPochi.2.Heisateacher_Ilikeverymuch.3.Thosepictures_weredrawnbyTomarenice.4.Those_willgototheparkstayhere.5.Thatwasallthemoney_Ihad.6.Tomisthefirstboy_lefttheroom.7.Lookattheboyandhisdog_arecomingthisway.8.Youcanreadanybook_Ihave.9.Thatwastheyear_IwenttoAmerica.10.wecametothetown,_westayedfor2hours.Key.1.whose2.whom/that/3.which/that4.who5.that6.that7.that8.that/9.when10.where,6.基础练习,翻译1.他指给我看他丢钱包的地方.Heshowedmetheplacewherehelosthiswallet.2.我不认识那个和你说话的