英语周报》大学版四级模拟试题与2010年12月18日四级真题

英语周报大学版四级模拟试题与2010年12月18日四级真题对比分析报告大学版四、六级责编 张晓红一、写作英语周报大学版20102011学年上学期共有十套四级模拟题，其中三套是关于父母与子女关系的写作题目，它们分别是四级模拟试题（五）、四级模拟试题（七）和四级模拟试题（八），并分别从低幼儿童应该由父母自己照看还是送进幼儿园、成年孩子是否应与父母同住，以及“啃老族”三个阶段来讨论如何培养孩子的独立问题，虽然侧重点有所不同，但主题都是一致的；而2010年12月18日的四级真题作文题目恰恰是对这三个阶段的一个归纳：父母如何帮助孩子学会独立。下面，我们来对比分析一下三套模拟试题与真题的异同之处：模拟一：Should Children Be Taken Care of at Home?1. Some people think children should be taken care of at home by their parents;2. Others argue that it would be good for them if they were sent to the kindergarten;3. Whats your opinion?参考范文：Should Children Be Taken Care of at Home?There has been a heated discussion about whether of not children should be taken care of at home by their parents.Some people argue that taking care of children at home has a number of advantages. Firstly, parents may be able to provide a more practical education for their children than kindergartens. Secondly, home is likely to provide a more relaxed atmosphere than any other place. Besides, parents can keep their children from negative influences. Many other people, however, insist that children should be sent to the kindergarten. First, in kindergartens children are given more opportunities to develop in a social context and become accustomed to communicating with peers independently. Next, kindergartens offer professional trained teachers and all kinds of educational facilities from which children can benefit. In my opinion, I believe that children should be taken care of in kindergartens instead of being educated at home. Only in this way can both children and parents get benefits, as parents are able to advance their careers; at the same time, children will get better education, learn to be independent and solve problems by themselves.模拟二：Should Parents Live with Their Adult Children?Some people think that when people become old, they often feel very lonely; therefore, adult children should live with their parents. Do you agree with this opinion?参考范文：Should Parents Live with Their Adult Children? One of the topics of daily life is whether or not older people should live with their adult children. My answer for this question is that it is better for them not to do so. Firstly, people of different ages have different ways of living. Many old people like a quiet, peaceful and regular life whereas the young prefer noisy and unrestrained enjoyment. Secondly, people of different generations have different views and values. When they live together, they may disagree with each other on matters ranging from minor domestic matters to national and international issues. Consequently, family life may be unpleasant or even unbearable to both the old and the young. Last but not least, adult children, like their parents, love independence and freedom, but their parents still take them as children and unintentionally interfere in their affairs. The situation could be worse if the children are already married. For old peoples interference, many couples may have conflicts every day, even leading to a divorce. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that if the parents and their adult children do not live together, both the old and the young enjoy complete independence and freedom, lead a life they like and keep their affections for each other.模拟三：NEET Group Phenomenon1. 社会上出现“啃老族”：已经成年、有劳动能力的年轻人，仍依靠父母供养。2. 简要分析出现这种情况的原因。3. 我的看法。参考范文：NEET Group PhenomenonNowadays, there are a considerable number of young people joining the NEET group. They have already been able to support themselves, but still rely on their parents to make a living.Why is there such a phenomenon? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows: first, those young people are mostly the only child of the family, and they are spoiled by their parents, lacking the spirit of independence. Second, the education they have received aims more at passing examinations rather than getting professional trainings, so they have no advantages in the heated competition of job market.The phenomenon of NEET group indicates a waste of social resources, and has to be removed with joint efforts. In my opinion, if the young people learn to respect their parents and attain more self-supporting skills, if the government does more in creating new job opportunities and supplying job-hunting instructions, the phenomenon of NEET group will disappear in China one day.2010年12月18日四级真题写作题： How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? 1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立，父母应该参考范文：How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent? Nowadays, there is a growing concern over such a phenomenon, that is, some parents take care of almost everything concerned with their children, including study, work and marriage. Some parents believe that this is love; however, it is only to destroy childrens independence thoroughly. For the future of the next generation, more efforts should be made by parents to help their children to be independent. The fundamental one is to cultivate the awareness, namely, the importance and necessity of being independent, which is supposed to begin from childhood. Children should be taught that no one can be stronger and more helpful than themselves in this world.The quality of independence is so indispensable for us that parents had better act as a tutor, not a dictator. And only with parents trust, can the next generation accumulate confidence step by step.二、听力2010年12月18日四级真题听力第一篇长对话的内容涉及到一位男士要求一位女士描述一下抢劫银行的人的体貌特征，比如身高、发色、胡须、年龄、服饰，以及其他显著特征等；而英语周报大学版四级模拟试题（一）听力的第二篇长对话所谈内容与此相似，也是一位男士要求一位女士描述一次抢劫过程及劫匪的体貌特征，比如身高、服饰、衣帽颜色、胖瘦等。下面，我们来对比分析一下模拟试题与真题的异同之处：英语周报大学版四级模拟试题（一）听力的第二篇长对话录音材料：M: Hi. Im detective Smith. I can see you are upset. But I have to ask you a few questions about the robbery. W: Yes, I understand. Ill try to control myself. It was so sudden.M: Now, try to relax. Before you entered the shop, can you remember seeing anything unusual? W: No. But as soon as I came in, this man walked out very quickly. He nearly pushed me over. Then I saw poor William the owner. Im so glad hes not badly hurt. M: No, just a bump on the head. Now, this man you saw. Could you see how tall he was? W: Well, I only came up to his shoulder. Im five feet four, so he must be about, I dont know, maybe six feet. M: And youre not wearing high-heeled shoes. So, yes, thats about right. Did you see his face? W: Not really. I didnt look up. I was so annoyed. But I do know he was wearing a black hat. One of those things cowboys wear. M: What about the rest of his clothes? W: He had a jacket on. I think it was dark blue. No, grey, perhaps. I cant say for sure. It all happened so quickly. And he was wearing those big basketball shoes, red and white ones, like so many young men wear nowadays. M: What about his pants? W: Grey? I cant really say. I just know they were grey. M: Was he fat, thin, average? W: Very thin. Skinny. M: Thats very useful information, Mrs. Jones. W: I do hope you catch him. Its terrible! Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.Which statement is TRUE about the robbery?24.What was the robber wearing on his head? 25.What was very useful information to the detective?2010年12月18日四级真题第一篇长对话录音材料：M: Mrs. Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station. I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank.W: All right.M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that were filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before.M: Thats all right.W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.M: Very good. All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks?W: Um, no, none that I can remember.M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance?W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years.M: Mm, all right. Do you remember anything about what he was wearing?W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.M: OK. Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment?W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater. Yes, yes.M: All right. Mrs. Dawson, I really appreciate what youve been through today. Im just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you dont mind. It wont take very long. Can you do that for me?W: Oh, of course.M: Would you like to step this way with me, please?W: OK, sure.M: Thank you.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the woman?20. What did the suspect look like?21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do?三、完形填空2010年12月18日四级真题的完形填空题取材于2009年10月9日的VOA Special English节目，谈论的是城市发展的问题。这篇文章纵览了世界城市化的迅速发展史，又横览了城市化带来的种种问题；正好，英语周报大学版四级模拟试题（八）的快速阅读和四级模拟试题（十）的作文题目都是关于城市化的问题。真题的文章对城市化发展叙述的比较笼统和宽泛，而模拟试题的快速阅读材料讲述的比较详尽，作文题目的设置又让读者对城市化的发展进行了思考。下面，我们来对比分析一下模拟试题与真题的异同之处：模拟试题快速阅读：The UrbanizationThe urban revolutionThe Earth is witnessing an urban revolution, as people worldwide crowd into towns and cities. In 1800, only five percent of the worlds population was urban dwellers; now the proportion has risen to more than forty-five percent, and the number will continue to rise. Humanity will, for the first time, become a predominantly (主要地) urban species.Though the world is getting more crowded, absolute numbers of population are less important than where people concentrate and whether these areas can cope with them. Even destinies, however, tell us nothing about the quality of the infrastructure roads, housing and job creation.The main question, then, is not how many people there are in a given area, but how well their needs can be met. Density (密度) figures have to be set beside measurements of wealth and employment, the quality of housing and the availability of education, medical care, clean water, sanitation and other vital services. The urban revolution is taking place mainly in the Third World, where it is hardest to accommodate.The move to townsBetween 1950 and 1985, the number of city dwellers grew more than twice as fast in the Third World as in industrialized countries. During this period, the urban population of the developed world increased from 477 million to 838 million, less that double; but it quadrupled (四倍) in developing countries, from 286 million to 1.14 billion. Africas urban population is racing along at five percent a year on average, doubling city numbers every fourteen years. By the turn of the century, three in every four Latin Americans will live in urban areas, as will two in every five Asians and one in every three Africans. Developing countries will have to increase their urban facilities by two thirds by then, if they are to maintain even their present inadequate levels of services and housing.The urban challengeIn 1940, only one out of every hundred of the worlds people lived in a really big city, one with a population of over a million. By 1980, this proportion had already risen to one in ten. Two of worlds biggest cities, Mexico and Sao Paulo, are already bursting at the seams (结合处，缝)，and their populations are doubling in less than twenty years.About a third of the people in the Third Worlds cities now live in desperately overcrowded slums and squatter settlements. Many are unemployed, uneducated, undernourished and chronically sick. Tens of millions of new people arrive every year, flocking from the countryside to the city.Pushed out of the countryside by rural poverty and drawn to cities in the hope of a better life, they find no houses waiting for them, no water supplies, no sewerage, no schools. They throw up makeshift hovels, built of whatever they can find: sticks, fronds, cardboard, tar-paper, straw, petrol tins and, if they are lucky, corrugated iron. They have to take the land no-one else wants; land that is too wet, too dry, too steep or too polluted for normal habitation.Yet all over the world the inhabitants of these apparently hopeless slums show extraordinary enterprise (进取心，事业心) in improving their lives. While many settlements remain stuck in apathy (冷漠), many others are gradually improved through the vigor and cooperation of their people, who turn flimsy shacks into solid buildings, build schools, lay out street and put in electricity and water supplies.Governments can help by giving the squatters the right to the land that they have usually occupied illegally, encouraging them to improve their homes and neighborhoods. The most important way to improve the effects of the Third Worlds exploding cities, however, is to slow down the migration. This involves correcting the bias that most governments show towards cities and towns and against the countryside. With few sources of hard currency (硬通货), though, many governments in developing countries continue to concentrate their limited development efforts in cities and towns, rather than rural areas, where many of the poor people live. As a result, food production falls as the countryside slides ever deeper into depression.The demanding citySince the process of urbanization concentrates people, the demand for basic necessities, like food, energy, drinking water and shelter, is also increased, which can exact a heavy toll (强征税收) on the surrounding countryside. High-quality agricultural land is shrinking in many regions, taken out of production because of over-use and mismanagement. Creeping urbanization could make this situation worse, further constricting (阻碍) economic development. The most effective way of tackling poverty is to reverse national priorities in many countries, concentrating more resources in rural areas where most poor people still live. This would boost food production and help to build national economies more securely.Ultimately, though, the choice of priorities comes down to a question of power. The people of the countryside are powerless besides those of towns; the destitute of the countryside may starve in their scattered millions, whereas the poor concentrated in urban slums pose a constant threat of disorder. In all but a few developing countries the bias towards cities will therefore continue, as will migrations that are swelling their numbers beyond control.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。1. In 1800, of the worlds population live in cities.A) forty-five percentC) more than sixty percentB) five percentD) ten percent2. As the world is getting more crowded, .A) where people concentrate is less importantB) how well their needs can be met is more importantC) absolute numbers of population are more importantD) whether these areas can cope with them is less important3. Between 1950 and 1985, the fastest growth in the rate of urbanization is in . A) Africa B) Europe C) Latin America D) Asia4. About a third of the people in the Third Worlds cities now .A) lead a very happy lifeC) are well-educated and employedB) live in decent apartmentD) live in very crowded slums 5. To solve the problem of the Third Worlds exploding cities, all of the following ways are mentioned EXCEPT .A) governments giving land to squattersB) slowing down the migrationC) correcting the governments bias toward cities and against the countryside.D) Encouraging squatters to start their own business6. The most effective way of dealing with poverty suggested by the author in many countries is that .A) the government should give preference to rural areasB) the government had better put more resources in urban areasC) the government should place more tax on people in the countrysideD) the government give hard currency to cities and towns7. What do you think is the purpose of the passage?A) To suggest governments create more job opportunities in cities.B) To warn about the danger of urban revolution in towns.C) To suggest governments invest more housing in cities.D) To suggest governments should reverse their priorities.8. People are pushed out of the countryside by poverty and attracted to cities searching for .9. High-quality agricultural land is reducing in many regions because of _ .10. Putting more resources in rural areas would boost food production and help to build .模拟试题作文：City Problems1. 越来越多的人涌入大城市，有些问题随之产生。2. 比较明显的大问题有3. 我对这种现象的想法。参考范文：City Problems Nowadays, more and more people flock into cities in search of a better life. However, with the sharp rise in the urban population, many problems arise in the development of cities. Firstly, it becomes more and more crowded in cities, putting much pressure upon transportation, housing, sanitation, education, employment and so on. City services and facilities have been strained to the breaking point. Secondly, a growing number of city rubbish and the from-bad-to-worse air p