2016届高三阅读理解之 主旨大意(27张ppt).ppt

HowToGetTheMainIdea?,如何做主旨大意题?,阅读理解题型归类,1标题类常见的标题型题干：1)Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe_.2)Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled_.3)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?,主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:,2大意类常见的主题型题干：5)Thispassagechieflydealswith_.6)Whatsthetopicofthearticle?7)Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?8)Withwhattopicisthepassagechieflyconcerned?,主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:,3目的主旨大意题9）Theauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthepassageis_.10）Thepassageismeantto_11）Thepurposeofthisarticleis_,1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smokerscough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?,Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.Suchapersonisnotreallyathief.Theyaresickandcannothelpthemselves.Allsmallchildrenactnaturallyandastheygrowuptheynormallylearntocontroltheiractions.Peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthatdonotbelongtothem.Withmedicalhelptheymaybecomenormalcitizensagain.Thethingsthatakleptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue.Theyoftengiveawaywhattheyhavestolenorcollectobjectswithoutusingthem.Q:Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.YoungThieves.B.AnUnusualIllness.C.ReasonsforStealingD.ANormalChildsActions.,2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi-onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance,Therefore,Fromallabovediscussed,wecandrawtheconclusionthat,Itisclearthat,3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only79.Twodayssale.Hurry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts395.Thissalestrickiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_.A.BuyerBewareB.Closeout(出清存货)SaleC.CrimePaysD.BuyingaTVSet,4TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat_.A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.,detail,detail,detail,InShanxiProvinceyoumaybeofferedbrainstoeat.Frightened?Youshouldntbe,becausethesebrainsareonlyakindoffood,whichisfamousforitsunusualnameandrichnutrition.(营养).Brainsasakindoffoodwereinventedmorethan300yearsagobyFuShan,anartistwhosemotherhadbeenillforalongtime.Tohelpherbecomewellagain,hestudiedmedicineandinventedakindofsoup(汤)madeofmeat,vegetablesandanumberofChinesemedicines.Richwinewasalsousedinthesouptohelpillnesscausedbyoldage.Fussoupbecamethetalkofthetown.Manypeoplecametoseehim.Onedayarestaurantowneraskedhimwhatwasinthesoup.“Illtellyou,”Fusaid,“butifyourrestaurantisgoingtoselltosoup,youmustcallitbrainsbecauseofitsshapeandcolor.Andyourrestaurantshouldberenamedaftermymother.”Q:Thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis_.A.AGoodSonB.ASpecialSoupC.HowtoMakeBrainsD.HowtoLiveLongLife.,TypesOfParagraphStructures,Atthebeginning,Attheend,Inthemiddle,Nocleartopicsentence,Howtogetthemainideaofanarticle?1.Getthemainideafromthefirstparagraph.2.Getthemainideafromthelastparagraph.3.Getthemainideafromboththefirstandthelastparagraph4.Getthemainideafromthe_ofeachparagraph.Exercise:Finishgroup5,Asthelarge,deep,freshwaterlakeintheScottishHighlands,LochNessisbestknownfortheso-calledsightingsofthemysteriousLochNessmonsters(怪物)LochNessisthesecondlargestScottishlake,bysurfaceareaafterLochLomond,butasforitsdepthitisthelargestbyvolume（容量）.TheonlyislandonLochNessisCherryIsland,visibleatitssouth-westernend,nearFortAugustus.Itisacrannog,whichisaformofformofartificialisland45.Theauthorspurposeofwritingthepassageismostlikelyto_.AdiscussB.introduceC.educateD.persuade,整合每段的主题句,归纳大意,By1907therabbitprooffencewascompleted.Asecondandthirdfencelinehadbeenaddedwhenrabbitswerefoundwestoftheoriginalfence.WiththeNumber2andnumber3fences,Australiawastotallydividedny2,023milesofnetting.30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?AAustraliasrabbitprooffencesBHowtomakearabbit-prooffenceCRabbitstheperfectpetforchildrenDThomasAustin-asmartrabbitkeeper,从末段得到标题,Howtogetthemainideaofanarticle?1.Getthemainideafromthefirstparagraph.2.Getthemainideafromthelastparagraph.3.Getthemainideafromboththefirstandthelastparagraph4.Getthemainideafromthe_ofeachparagraph.,topicsentence,一.首段找主题句,提炼文章标题,新闻报道,说明文,议论文,二:末段找主题句,提炼标题或归纳大意.,议论文总-分-总,三:首尾呼应展现主题句,瞻前顾后归纳大意.,四:整合每一段的主题句,归纳大意,Skills,昨天练习中哪些小题为主旨大意题？,27,29,30,32,40,41,44,However,therabbitsspreadthroughVictoria,NewSouthWales,SouthQueensland,andQueensland,andSouthAustraliainnotime.Worse,theanimalhadbegunmovedwest.anddestroyedalmosteverythingintheirpath.Therabbitjustchosetoeatcertaingrassesandsmallbushes,whichcompletelychangedthelocalecosystemAsthevegerationcoverwasdestroyed,erosion(土壤侵蚀)Becameaseriousproblem27.Para.2ismainlyabout_.A.theproblemscausedbyrabbitsB.EnglishsettlersinAustraliaC.thelivinghabitsofrabbitsD.theerosioninAustralian,Nocleartopicsentence,Intheend,adecisionwasmadetobuildarabbitprooffence(防兔篱笆)thatwouldcrossthecontinentfromnorthtosouth.Inlate1901,theconstructionoftheNumber1Rabbit-proofFencebegan.Theprojectrequired4oocamels,150horses,50donkeys,and4teamsofoxen.Postsmakeofbushesweredrivenintogroundeverytwelvefeet.Wirenettingthatreachedoutthreeandahalffeetabovegroundandonefootintothegroundwasfixedbetweentheposts29TheanimalsmentionedinPara.3implythat_AManyanimalscouldbeseeninAustraliaB.Itwashardtofindtoodfortheseanimals.CbuildingthefencewasextremelydifficultD.theprojectwasawasteoftimeandeffort.,Nocleartopicsentence,Oneday,WeihenmayerdecidedtoclimbMountMcKinley,Hepreparedfortheclimbbyrepeatedlyrunningupanddownthestairsina50-storybuildingwhilewearinga70-poundbackpack.WhenthetimeapproachedforhimandhisfriendstoclimbMountKcKinley,somesmallchangeshadtobemadeforWeihenmayer.Hefoundthatbyattachingsmallbelllstotheclimberaheadofhim,hecouldconfidentlyfollowedwithouthavingtoaskfordirections,.Atlast,WeihenmayermadeitsafelyupMountMcKinleyandbackdownagain.32.Para.2ismainlyabout_AthedangersfoundonMountMcKinley.BhowbellsleadthewayforblindpeopleChowWeihenmayerepreparedforclimbingDWeihenmayersclimbupMountMiKinley.,Preparation,Bellsleading,result,Nocleartopicsentence,Iscursivewriting(草写体)anout-of-dateskillinTodaystechnologicalsociety?TheneweducationstandardsforEnglishdonotrequirecursive.However,someschoolsarestillallowedtoteachcursiveiftheychoose.Someschoolsareconsideringgivingupcursive,sinceitisnotonstandardizedtests.Thistopicisnowbeingdiscussedinteacherlunchroomsaroundthecountry.Weinvitedsomeinspiredteacherstoweighin.Hereswhatoneofthem,EldraAveryhastosay.41.AccordingtoParagraph1,teachersarediscussing_.Awhethercursiveshouldbetaught.BwhetherstudentsshouldreadcursiveChowtolookathandwritingassignmentsDhowtoimprovestudetentscursivewriting.,Inthemiddle,Writingcursiveisaprocessthathelpsimprovelanguagelearning.Copyingtextbyhanddoesalotofgoodtostu