关系副词的用法.ppt

,Unit5NelsonMandelaPeroid5GrammarTheAttributiveClause,TheAttributiveClause2-RelativeAdverbs,关系副词：,在定语从句中，当表示时间、地点、原因的名词作先行词时，且先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词when,where,why.,关系副词的用法,表时间,时间状语,表地点,地点状语,表原因,原因状语,关系副词-when,where,why,1.when表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如:time,day,year,week,month,morning,evening等）,在从句中作时间状语when可换成“at/in/on/during等介词+关系代词”。e.g.Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.Myfatherwasbornintheyearwhen(=inwhich)WorldWarbrokeout.,2.where表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如:place,room,house,hotel,school,city等)，在从句当中作地点状语。,when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)weworkedwhenwewereyoung.Myfatherwasbornintheplacewhere(=inwhich)WorldWarbrokeout.,3.why表示原因，常用在先行词reason后,表示原因，在从句当中做原因状语，相当于for+which,Thereareseveralreasonswhy(=forwhich)theboysshouldbepunished.Tomcouldntgivetheteacherthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.,reason作先行词时关系词的使用,Imnotclearaboutthereasonforwhichhedidit.whyhediditthathedidit.,forwhichwhythat,ThehousewherehelivesneedsrepairingThereasonwhyJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers.ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.,下面我们学习一下关系副词whenwherewhy的用法,Thehousewhichhelivesinneedsrepairing.,Thehouseinwhichhelivesneedsrepairing.,Thehousewherehelivesneedsrepairing,Comparinganddiscovering,ThereasonwhyJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers.,ThereasonforwhichJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers.,.,ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.,ThedayonwhichMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim,4.关系副词的用法注意点,(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that或省略。如：Thisisthefirsttime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.,4.关系副词的用法注意点,(2)当point,situation,case,position,stage,condition等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等抽象意思时，其后常由where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：,IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了Weareinapositionwherewemaylosealargesumofmoney.我们正处在可能损失一笔钱的境地。Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisphrasecanbeused?你能想到一种使用这个短语的情况吗？,小结:关系词的选择,1.找先行词2.先行词在从句中作什么成分（1）主语、宾语、表语、定语-关系代词状语-关系副词（2）先行词前是否需要介词要-关系副词不要-关系代词Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.,When/inwhich,关系词及其用法小结,人,作主语,不省,人,作宾语,可省,人/物(的),作定语(+n),不省,事/物,作主语/宾语,作宾语时可省,人/物,作主语/宾语,作宾语时可省,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,that,介词+which,作时间状语,介词+which,介词for+which,作地点状语,作原因状语,不省,不省,不省,不可以省略,辨析,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,whichorwhere/when/why,1.Thisisthemuseum_mymotherworked10yearsago.(workedinthemuseum地点状语)Thisisthemuseum_wasbuiltin1950.(themuseumwasbuild)（museum主语）,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,where,which,2.July1,1921wastheday_ourPartywasfounded(成立).(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作状语）July1,1921wastheday_wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作宾语）,when,which,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,及物动词,3.Irememberthedays_Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometownduringthedays作状语）Irememberthedays_Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith.thedays作宾语）,when,which,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,4.Thehouse_weregoingtovisitwasbuiltacenturyago.(visitthehouse)Thehouse_usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow.(thehouseusedtobeatemple)Thehouse_heusedtolivewasflooded.(heusedtoliveinthehouse),(which/that),which/that,where,5.Abookstoreisaplace_youcangetbooks.(youcangetthebooksintheplace)Abookstoreisaplace_booksaresold.(booksaresoldintheplace)Abookstoreisaplace_sellbooks.(theplacesellsbooks),where,which/that,where,6.Icantfindthecard_Iwroteyouraddress.(Iwroteyouraddressonthecard)Icantfindthecard_Iwroteyouraddress.7.Thebox_heputhisphotosisgone.(heputhisphotointothebox)Thebox_heiscarryingisheavy.(heiscarryingthebox),where,where,on,which,(that/which),8.Thehotel_westayedduringourholidaystandsbytheseaside.(westayedinthehotel)Thehotel_standsbytheseasideisquitecomfortable.(thehotelstandsbytheseaside),where,which/that,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句