高考英语阅读理解猜测词义

阅读理解,猜词,6年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求,要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出简单判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图和态度。,个性,20012005年阅读理解试题分类情况,上下文,构词法,猜测词意,2007英语高考专题讲座,阅读理解之,猜测词意,信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedasAmosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthrusttheskinandthendrinkblood.Desertcanbedefinedasalargeareaoflandwherethereisnotenoughrainandvegetationtosupporthumanlife.,1、定义或解释说明,蚊子,沙漠,Ex.1Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.Weareonthenightshift-frommidnightto8a.m.-thisweek.,木匠,动物学家,牧人,夜班,2、对比关系信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,ontheonehandontheotherhand,foronethingforanotherthing,insteadof等ThoughTomsfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.,污秽的,节约的,Ex.2Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate.Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthetheft.,混乱,无辜的,天生的,不同意,3、因果关系信号词:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,sothat,suchthat,thusRubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.,弹性的,混浊的,Ex.3SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.Hessuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.,复制品,精明的,修剪,4、举例法信号词:such,suchas,like,forexample/instance,especially,include,consistofCarsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.,家禽,装置,5、重述信号词:or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,i.e.Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwater,theirfields.Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.,灌溉,灌溉,有牙齿的,6、同义词、近义词信号词:or,like,asas,thesameasThenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.,推迟,圆胖的,7、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.,麻药,波纹,膨胀,冷缩,Ex.Oneofsymptomscausedbythepeculiarillnessisahighfever.Becausethischemicalliquidishighlyvolatile,wemustkeepitinabottlewhichhasatightlid.Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshiveredwiththeterriblecold.,症状,易挥发的,颤抖,小试身手,Albertssuccessaftermucheffortandpracticeprovesthevalueofpersistence.A.timeB.competitionC.perseverance2.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.A.成功的B.徒劳的C.有效的D.匆促的3.ThoughMr.Smithhasbeenmanagerforjust3months,hehasalreadymademuchgreaterachievementsthanhispredecessors.A.上级B.前任C.同事D.下级,祝,功,成,你,!,4.Shedidnthearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.A.心不在焉的B.紧张的C.全神贯注的D.睡意浓的5.Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.Buthersisterwasquitesedate.A.prettyB.calmC.protectiveD.energetic6.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewontgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever,祝,功,成,你,!,7.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest8.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countryD.house9.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchool,orEnglishLearning.A.dictionariesB.story-booksC.magazinesD.newspapers,祝,功,成,你,!,10.Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.A.becamesweeterB.becameredC.becamedry11.Justforfun,theydecidedtotryaverycircuitouscountryroadinsteadofthemoredirecthighway.A.directB.indirectC.straight12.Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.A.smallB.largeC.dull,祝,功,成,你,!,celebrity(A.名人B.作家C.主持人)Twoyearsagothatsingerhadnomoneyandnofame.Nowsheisafamouscelebrity.enterprising(A.令人惊讶的B.神秘的C.有进取心的)Frankisaveryenterprisingperson.HhepubliceyeThatactresshasbeeninthepubliceyealmostallherlife.ShefirstappearedonaTVmote(A.提升B.推销C.遥控)Ifyouwantthebosstochooseyouforthejob,promoteyourselfasthebestperson.ultimately(A.按时地B.最终C.幸福地)Bobjuststarteddating(约会)Susan.Hehopesthisrelationshipwillultimatelyleadtomarriage.,经常在公开场合露面,Whatdoes“inthepubliceye”mean?A.公众熟悉的,出名的Tips:inpublic在公众场合thepublic大众eye眼睛,Guess,B.在群众的眼里C.公开的D.令人眼热的,MrZhangoftenappearsinpublic.Butheisnotfamousheisnotinthepubliceye.,8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义,例题：Tomcantfindhissneakers.C.shoes,Tomcantfindhiswhitesneakers,Tomcantplaytennisnowbecausehecantfindhiswhitesneakers.,A.money,B.bowls,l）Janeisusuallyprompt.AlateBontimeCpleased,Janeisusuallypromptforherclasses,Janeisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.,adj.敏捷的,迅速的,即时的adv.准时地,2）TomsawanowllastnightAabirdBananimalCthesun,Tomsawanowlinatreelastnight,Tomsawanowllastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnear,猫头鹰,3）TheboywantsaponyAdogBcatChorse,Theboywantsabrownpony,Theboywantstorideabrownpony.,小型马,4