高中定语从句讲解

一个美丽的女孩abeautifulgirl,beautiful,（形容词作前置定语）,一个穿白色衣服的女孩,agirlinwhite,inwhite,（介词短语作后置定语）,一个正唱歌的女孩,agirlissinging,who,issinging,（定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）,定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。常有形容词充当，（另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。）且单个词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语常后置，翻译成“的,thetallthestrongtheclever,boy,Theboywhoistall,Theboywhoisstrong,Theboywhoisclever,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisred,Theapplewhichisgreen,Theapplewhichissmall,Theapplewhichisbig,定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。,基础知识,引导定语从句的关系词,who，whom，thatwhich，whosewherewhenwhy,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,关系词作用,1.代替先行词;.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。,关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which,that或whose,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,3.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,关系代词,4.whose是代词的所有格形式,作定语，它既可以代人也可以代物。,Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,5.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Exercise,1.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,who/that,which/that,whose,3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.,2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.,4.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.,whom,4.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.,5.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.,which/that,whom,6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.,which/that,1.Thisisthebag_mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as,A,C,A,定语从句练习,4.Isthisfactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.WhoseC.whichD./5.Thelanguage_iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.that或whichC./D.it,A,B,定语从句练习,6.Thegirlhandedthekey_shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whomB.inwhichC.thatD.all7.Pleaseshowmethebook_youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this,C,A,定语从句练习,8.Thisisthebook_Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.itD./9.Thisisthearticle_waswrittenbyhim.A.whoB.thatC.thisD.whose10.Theman_washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.he,D,B,B,定语从句练习,Homework:Revisetheattributiveclause.2.Write10sentenceswiththeattributiveclause.,THEEND,Thankyou!,11.Theboy_hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor12.Those_madenomistakesintodaysexe