John Milton约翰弥尔顿生平介绍

JohnMilton（1608-1674）,组员124022012003蔡莹莹124022012020薛凯婷124022012021颜炜124022012023叶莉洁,Contents,LIFELiteraryAchievementLiteraryFeaturesQuotesAndReputation,LIFE,JohnMilton(16081674)wasanEnglishpoet,polemicist(辩论家）,manofletters（作家，学者）,andacivilservantfortheCommonwealthofEngland（英联邦）underOliverCromwell（奥利弗克伦威尔英国17世纪资产阶级革命领袖，政治家和军事家）.Hewroteatatimeofreligiousflux（宗教变迁）andpoliticalupheaval（政治动荡）.,1608:wasborninLondonHisfatherwasapuritan(清教徒）.Influencedbyhisfather.1620:studiedatStPaulsschoolinLondon,1625:ChristsCollege,CambridgeB.A.（文学士）in1629MasterofArts（文学硕士）in1632undertooksixyearsofself-directedprivatestudy,1638：setoutforatourofEuropeinthespring.HemetfamedscholarHugoGrotiusinParis.InFlorencehemetGalileo,whowasthenunderhousearrest（软禁中）byorderoftheInquisition（宗教法庭）.,MiltonstourofEuropewascutshortwithrumorsofimpendingcivilwarinEngland,andhereturnedhomeinJuly1639.AndthenMiltoncomposedEpitaphiumDamonis,aLatinpoemtothememoryofhisdearestfriend，CharlesDiodati.,1641:Hestartedtowritepoliticandreligiousprose.1644：Areopagitica论出版自由waspublished.freedomofpress.1649：CharlesIwasexecuted.SecretaryforForeignTongues（外文秘书）.,1652:Theyear1652wasoneofmanypersonallossesforMilton.losthissight.（totallyblindin1654）wrotethesonnet（十四行诗）“WhenIConsiderHowMyLightisSpent.”(论失明）hiswifeMaryandhisdaughterdied.,ThatCromwelldeadin1658causedtheEnglishRepublictocollapseintofeudingmilitaryandpoliticalfactions.UpontheRestoration(王政复辟）inMay1660,Miltonwasarrested（逮捕令）.,From1663,hespenthistimetutoringstudentsandfinishinghislifeswork,theepic,ParadiseLost.Hewouldcomposeverseuponverseatnightinhisheadandthendictatethemfrommemorytohisaides(助手）inthemorning.ParadiseLostfinallysawpublicationin1667,1674:MiltondiedpeacefullyofgoutinNovember,1674,andwasburiedinthechurchofSt.Giles,Cripplegate.AmonumenttoMiltonrestsinPoetsCorneratWestminsterAbbey.,Family,Miltonandhisfirstwife,MaryPowell(16251652)hadfourchildren.MaryPowelldiedin1652fromcomplications（并发症）followingherdaughtersbirth.In1656,Miltonwasmarriedagain,toKatherineWoodcock.Shediedonin1658,lessthanfourmonthsaftergivingbirthtoadaughter,whoalsodied.,Miltonmarriedforathirdtimein1662,toElizabethMynshull(16381728).Despitea31-yearagegap,themarriageseemedhappy,accordingtoJohnAubrey,andwastolastmorethan12yearsuntilMiltonsdeath.,LiteraryAchievement,PoeticworksMasque(假面剧）ProsePamphlet诗集册GreatWorks,Poeticworks,Lycidas利希达斯1638EpitaphiumDamonis达莫尼斯的墓志铭1639OntheLateMassacreinPiedmont最近的皮埃蒙大屠杀1645,Masque,TheMasqueComus酒神之假面舞会1634,ProsePamphlet,OfReformation1641Areopagitica1644论出版自由Colasterion1645,GreatWorks,ParadiseLost失乐园1667ParadiseRegained复乐园1671SamsonAgonistes力士参孙1671,1.Blankverse(无韵诗)unrhymed（不押韵的）iambicpentameter(五步抑扬格),LiteraryFeatures,2.Grandstyle(宏大风格)sublimity(崇高)ofthoughtmajesty(雄伟)ofexpression,3.Longsentence（长句）frequentinversionscomplicatedsentencestructure,Themindisitsownplace，andinitself，canmakeheavenofHell，andahellofHeaven境由心生，心之所向，可以让天堂成为地狱，也可以把地狱变成天堂,MiltonsQuotes,MiltonsQuotes,Thebestapologyagainstfalseaccusersissilenceandsufferance,andhonestdeedssetagainstdishonestwords.,对虚假指控最有力的辩解，就是沉默与容忍，以及用诚实举动对抗不诚实的言词。,MiltonsQuotes,Itisnotmiserabletobeblind;itismiserabletobeincapableofen-duringblindness.失明本身并非是悲惨的，不能忍受失明才是悲惨的,MiltonsReputation,Hisinfluenceon18th-centuryverse（诗）wasimmense.OnceParadiseLostwaspublished,Miltonsstatusasepicpoetwasimmediatelyrecognised.,Miltonisthegreatestwriterofthe17thcenturyandoneofthegiantsinEnglishliterature.HetowersoverhisageasShakespearetowersovertheElizabethanAge,orasChaucertowersoverth