C13 m3U3 宾语补足语-NADIA

UNIT3,BACKTOTHEPAST,Grammarandusage,Objectcomplement,Eitherorandneithernor,Subject-verbagreement,Tasks,英语的五个基本句型结构：S十V主谓结构HerunsquicklyS十V十P主系表结构ThestorysoundsinterestingS十V十O主谓宾结构TheybuiltahouselastyearS十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattomeS十V十O十C主谓宾补结构Theyfoundherhappythatday,Objectcomplement,Situationone,-Didyoufindanythingspecialwhenyouwenttotheclassroom?-No,Ididnt.-Youfoundthedooropen,didntyou?-Oh,yes.ButIfoundnobodyintheclassroom.,PositionV.+Object+objectcomplementE.g.:Theinspectorshotthedrug-dealerdead.(=Thedrug-dealwasshotdeadbytheinspector.),-Whatdoyouthinkaboutherperformance?-Weconsiderthatherperformanceisabigsuccess.,(Weconsiderherperformanceabigsuccess.),-Whatdopeoplethinkaboutdogs?-Peoplebelievethatdogsarehonest.,(Peoplebelievedogstobehonest.),Situationtwo,UsageAnobjectcomplement,whichgivesinformationabouttheobject,canbeanoun,anounphrase,anadjective,ato-infinitive,abareinfinitive,oraprepositionalphrase.宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语。可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。,1、名词Wemadehimourmonitor.TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.注：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词。TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee.,2、形容词Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,以及paint,drive,turn,cut等。副词Ifoundhimout介词短语Ifoundnobodyintheclassroom.,3、现在/过去分词Imsorrytohaveyouwaitingforsolong.AtthismomentshenoticedJackcomingin.当现在分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着主谓关系IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.Ididntwantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着动宾关系,4、不定式Isawhimcomeinandgoout我见他进来又出去。IaskyoutoenjoyEnglish.使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to的取舍问题：1）.在感官动词hear,listento,see,watch,notice,observe和使役动词let,have,make等动词后的不定式需省去to。但变为被动语态时,不定式的to要还原。Isawhimcross/crossingtheroad.Hewasseen_/_theroad.感官动词和使役动词的宾补也可以是现在分词或过去分词。Themachinedoesntwork.Imusthaveitrepairednow.,2).help一词后的不定式，可带to，也可以不带to。3).v+sb.+todosth.结构中的动词,所接的宾补一般是不定式。advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,expect,force,get,help,inspire,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,request,require,teach,tell,train,urge,want,warn,wish等,注意,在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）或that从句来充当。这时，应使用先行it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部，IfeltitnecessarytospeakaboutourshortcomingsWeallthoughtitapitythatyoucouldntjoinus.注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：feel,find,think,make,take,consider等。Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?,Moreexampleswithanobjectcomplement(1)WemadehimchairmanofourStudentsUnion.(2)Ifindthenovelinterestingandamusing.(3)Pleasekeepthecatout.(4)IamoftenkeptathomealldaylongonSunday.,-WhatdoyouthinkaboutHarryPotter?-Ifindit_.,Morepracticewithanobjectcompliment:,-Whathappenedtotheman?-Themanwaskept_.,veryinteresting/aninterestingbook,inprison/jail,Eitherorandneithernor,Situation-IhavegotoneticketforLiuXiangs110mhurdleracetobeheldinNanjing.Eitheryouoryourdesk-matecanhaveit.-IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?-ItisonnextMonday.-Oh,whatapity.IamafraidneitherInormydesk-matecanenjoyit.,Usage(1)Eitherorcanbeusedtoexpresstheideaofalternatives.e.g.:YoucanchooseeitherAorB,whichmeansyouhavetwochoices,i.e,youcanchooseanyoneofthetwo.,(2)Neithernorcanbeusedtojointwonegativeideastogether.e.g.:NeitherAnorBisproperinquestionone,whichmeansAisnotproper,andBisnotpropereither.,Situationone-WhichlanguagecanIusetowritethespeech?(inEnglish/inChinese),Situationtwo-Whosefaultisit?(notyours/notmine),-YoucanwritethespeecheitherinEnglishorinChinese.,-Itisneitheryourfaultnormine.ItsyourfriendJacksfault.,Moreexamples(1)EitheryoumustimproveyourworkorIshalldismissyou.(2)-DoyoulikereadingbooksorwatchingTV?-Eitherwilldo.(3)NeitherJohnnorTomknowshowtogoskiing.(4)Itriedtwodresses,butneitherfitme.,Morepractice,-WhichonecanItake,Sir?-Iamafraid,youcantake_.,neitherthegunnorthecigar,-WherecanIstayonSaturdaynight,Sir?-Youcanstay_intheclassroom_inthedormitory.,either,Morepractice,or,HomeworkFinishofftheexerciseonP51.,Subject-verbagreement,GrammarrulesReadthe6pointsonPage10,findouttheusagesofsubject-verbagreement.,Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthegivenverbs:(1)_(have)yourclassmatesfinishedtheirhomework?(2)MyfriendandI_(want)toplayoutsideafterwatchingTV.(3)Mostofthestudents_(prefer)EnglishtoMathematics.(4)_(have)allofthecakebeeneatenup?(5)Collectingstamps_(be)oneofhisfavoritepastimes.(6)_(be)yourfamilyabigone?(7)Allmyfamily_(get)upearlyinthemorning.(8)Neitherhisfathernorhismother_(play)thepiano.(9)Theremainsoftheoldcastle_(be)destroyedinWorldWarTwo.(10)NotonlyJimbutalsohisParents_(be)goingtoseeyounextSunday.,Have,want,prefer,Have/has,is,Is,get,plays,were,are,Exerciseone:,Exercisetwo:Multiplechoice:Abouteightypercentofthestudentsinhisclass_belowsixteen.A.isB.areC.amD.be2.There_amapoftheworldandsomepicturesonthewall.A.isB.areC.amD.be3.Alargequantityofwaterpipes_needed.A.areB.isC.hasD.have,B,A,B,4.Howandwhyhe_cometoPrinceton,NewJersey_astoryofstruggle,successandsadness.A.hadwasB.hadareC.hadhasD.hadhave5.NobodybutJaneandMary_thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown,A,B,1.ThepeoplesrepublicofChina_(be)foundedin1949.2.Thefoodtheyofferedontheplane_(be)delicious.Theverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectisasingularnounoranuncountablenoun.,was,was,Subject-verbagreement,Fillintheblankswiththerightverbforms:,3.Twohours_(be)notenoughforsomuchhomework.4.Twentythousanddollars_(be)alargeamountofmoneytome.,is,is,Theverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectisaphraseofmeasurement,money,atitle,anameordistance.,Whenthesubjectisallof/someof/halfof+noun/pronoun,theverbagreeswiththenounandpronoun.,Anexpertwithsomeassistants_(be)senttoworkinGansuProvince.Noonexcepttwoteachers_(know)thesecret.XiaoMingaswellashisparents_(be)interestedinmusic.Whenthesubjectfollowedbywith/togetherwith/aswellas/,theverbagreeswiththesubject.,was,knows,is,Eithertheteamleaderortheguides_(be)lookingafterthestudents.Neithernoodlesnorrice_(be)delicioustoday.Eitheryouortheheadmaster_(be)tohandoutprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.,are,is,was,NotonlyyoubutalsoI_(be)puzzledatherworriedlook.Whenneithernor/eitheror/notonlybutalsoareusedtojointhesubjectsofasentence,theverbagreeswiththesubjectclosesttoit.,am,Hisfamily_(be)tomovetothecountrysidenextmonth.Hisfamily_all(be)fondofpopularmusic.Ourschool_(be)akeyschoolinJiangsuProvince.Ourschool_doing(do)morningexercisesnowontheplayground.,is,are,is,are,Whenthesubjectisagroupnounlike:class/family/government/team,weuseasingularverbifthenounidentifiesasingularorunit,orapluralverbifitidentifiesanumberofindividuals.,主谓一致练习,1.Eachofyou_responsiblefortheaccident.a.amb.bec.isd.are2.Eachmanandwoman_thesamerights.a.hasb.havec.hadd.ishaving,Subject-verbagreement,3.Everymeans_triedbutwithoutmuchresult.a.hasbeenb.havebeenc.ared.is4.There_inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture,8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal_themeeting.a.attendsb.Attendc.areattendingd.haveattended9._waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher,10.“_twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”a.Willbeb.Isc.Ared