高三阅读理解解题技巧

阅读理解解题指导,ReadingComprehension,得高分,得阅读者,AnEnglishpaper（120points）Readingcomprehension:50points,Discussion,1.Whatareyourequiredtodowhendoingreadingcomprehension?2.Whatisthemostdifficultpartforyou?,Lookfordetails,theme,高考考试说明中关于阅读理解的要求,要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：.理解语篇主旨要义；.理解文中具体信息；.根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义；.根据文中的事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理；.理解文章的基本结构和文脉逻辑关系；.理解作者的观点、意图和态度；,1主旨要义型,2具体信息型,3推测词义型,命题类,4判断推理型,Readingcomprehension,1、细节理解题(questionsofdetails)2、词义猜测题(wordsincontext)3、推理判断题(questionsofinference)4、主旨归纳题(mainidea),1.questionsofdetails,细节理解题,一般针对某个特定细节而提出，通读短文后一般能直接找出答题依据。推荐方法：通读全文，领悟大意，理解文章结构层次及细节；并选用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最佳答案。,1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?3.Whetext?,Details,Questionforms:,具体信息题解题技巧,读题仔细明要求关键词句细研读略读查读为载体分析理解再思量,2.Wordsincontext,词义猜测题,从考查内容看，主要是猜测某个生词、熟词、短语或句子的意思以及猜测代词的指代。,解题技巧：充分利用文中已知信息推测、判断词义。根据因果关系、对比关系、定义、解释和复述来猜测词义。,1.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheword?2.Thewordcouldbestbereplacedby3.Intheparagraph,thewordmeans(refersto)4.Accordingtothepassage,probablymeans5.Theauthorusesthewordtomean,Questionforms:,1.HesaysIhaveslanderedhim;but,onthecontrary,Ihavealwaysspokenwellofhim.,诽谤，造谣中伤,2.Johnsonsurprisedhisfellowstudentsallthetime.Heisntsomestuffyguy,thoughhewearshisneatgraybeardandconservative（traditional）clothes.(2points)Theword“stuffy”intheparagraphmeans_.A.old-fashionedB.respectableC.narrow-mindedD.fat,Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag,agodcameintotheroom.ItstoppedwhenitsawBuster,thenwaggeditstailmadlyandwentovertohim,lickinghisoutstretchedhand.“Goodboy,”Busterwhispered.“Whatagreatguarddogyouare-tryingtolickmetodeath.”（2分钟）Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”inthethirdparagraph?A.Messyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.ComfortableandcalmingD.Foreignandunusual.,对比是描述、说明事物的常用方式。对比的事物是互为相反的，因此可根据反义或对比关系从已知推出未知。,1.Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET),unconditional:nonjudgmental:,无条件的，绝对的,没有判断力的,阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生、转化或合成的新词。掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。,2.Ifyoucansparetwoorthreehoursaday,breakthemupintosomeperiodstoavoidbrainoverload.,超负荷,推测词义题解题技巧,猜词不离上下文同义反义辨仔细句法逻辑给线索带入原文理通顺,3.questionsofinference,推理判断题,判断推理型,1.Wecaninfer(推断)fromthepassagethat_.2.Thestorysuggests(暗示)that_.3.Wecanconclude(得出结论)fromthepassagethat_.4.Whichofthefollowingmight/probablyhappenedlater?5.Fromthepassagewecantell/learn_.6.Thewriterofthepassageconsidersit_.7.Whichofthefollowingindicates/implies_?,Questionforms:,Keypoint:意思要靠推断得出，而不是从原文照搬,TIPS,Putyourselfinthewritersshoes!,Steps:1.Studythequestionstopic/title,1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smokerscough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1.5分钟）,Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.,Practice：,2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi-onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1分钟）,So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance,3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only79.Twodayssale.Hu-rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.(2.5分钟)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSale,Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.,(detail)(detail)(detail),诱售法,4TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.（2分钟）Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat_.A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.,detail,detail,detail,TypesOfParagraphStructures,Atthebeginning,Attheend,Inthemiddle,Nocleartopicsentence,forexample,so,therefore,Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?,details,Paragraphideas,Passageidea,5Magellansmenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellansvoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4分钟）Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.MagellansdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.MagellansVoyage,Magellansmenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.,Magellansvoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.,MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.,1.time,2.shipsandpeople,3.route,4.Sufferingsanddifficulties,a.Lackoffoodandfreshwater,b.Hungeranddiseases,c.Deaths,TheprocessofMagellanslongdifficultvoyage,5.success,Magellansvoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.,Magellansvoyageprovedtheearthisround.,Magellansmenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellansvoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.,Paragraph1:Magellansvoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.,Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellanslongdifficultvoyage,Paragraph3:Magellansvoyagedprovedtheearthisround.,Magellansvoyage,5Magellansmenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysail