外文翻译--某城市博物馆建筑方案设计

广西科技大学毕业设计（论文）外文翻译课题名称某城市博物馆建筑方案设计学院土木建筑工程学院专业建筑学班级建筑091班学号姓名指导教师2014年2月24日THEEYESOFTHESKINTHESIGNIFICANCEOFTHESHADOWTHEEYEISTHEORGANOFDISTANCEANDSEPARATION,WHEREASTOUCHISTHESENSEOFNEARNESS,INTIMACYANDAFFECTIONTHEEYESURVEYS,CONTROLSANDINVESTIGATES,WHEREASTOUCHAPPROACHESANDCARESSESDURINGOVERPOWERINGEMOTIONALEXPERIENCES,WETENDTOCLOSEOFFTHEDISTANCINGSENSEOFVISIONWECLOSETHEEYESWHENDREAMING,LISTENINGTOMUSIC,ORCARESSINGOURBELOVEDONESDEEPSHADOWSANDDARKNESSAREESSENTIAL,BECAUSETHEYDIMTHESHARPNESSOFVISION,MAKEDEPTHANDDISTANCEAMBIGUOUS,ANDINVITEUNCONSCIOUSPERIPHERALVISIONANDTACTILEFANTASYHOWMUCHMOREMYSTERIOUSANDINVITINGISTHESTREETOFANOLDTOWNWITHITSALTERNATINGREALMSOFDARKNESSANDLIGHTTHANARETHEBRIGHTLYANDEVENLYLITSTREETSOFTODAYTHEIMAGINATIONANDDAYDREAMINGARESTIMULATEDBYDIMLIGHTANDSHADOWINORDERTOTHINKCLEARLY,THESHARPNESSOFVISIONHASTOBESUPPRESSED,FORTHOUGHTSTRAVELWITHANABSENTMINDEDANDUNFOCUSEDGAZEHOMOGENOUSBRIGHTLIGHTPARALYSESTHEIMAGINATIONINTHESAMEWAYTHATHOMOGENIZATIONOFSPACEWEAKENSTHEEXPERIENCEOFBEING,ANDWIPESAWAYTHESENSEOFPLACETHEHUMANEYEISMOSTPERFECTLYTUNEDFORTWILIGHTRATHERTHANBRIGHTDAYLIGHTMISTANDTWILIGHTAWAKENTHEIMAGINATIONBYMAKINGVISUALIMAGESUNCLEARANDAMBIGUOUSACHINESEPAINTINGOFAFOGGYMOUNTAINLANDSCAPE,ORTHERAKEDSANDGARDENOFRYOANJIZENGARDENGIVERISETOANUNFOCUSEDWAYOFLOOKING,EVOKINGATRANCELIKE,MEDITATIVESTATETHEABSENTMINDEDGAZEPENETRATESTHESURFACEOFTHEPHYSICALIMAGEANDFOCUSESININFINITYINHISBOOKINPRAISEOFSHADOWS,JUNICHIROTANIZAKIPOINTSOUTTHATEVENJAPANESECOOKINGDEPENDSUPONSHADOWS,ANDTHATITISINSEPARABLEFROMDARKNESSANDWHENHEISSERVEDINALACQUERDISH,ITISASIFTHEDARKNESSOFTHEROOMWEREMELTINGONYOURTONGUETHEWRITERREMINDSUSTHAT,INOLDENTIMES,THEBLACKENEDTEETHOFTHEGEISHAANDHERGREENBLACKLIPSASWELLASHERWHITEPAINTEDFACEWEREALLINTENDEDTOEMPHASISETHEDARKNESSANDSHADOWSOFTHEROOMLIKEWISE,THEEXTRAORDINARILYPOWERFULSENSEOFFOCUSANDPRESENCEINTHEPAINTINGOFCARAVAGGIOANDREMBRANDTARISESFROMTHEDEPTHOFSHADOWINWHICHTHEPROTAGONISTISEMBEDDEDLICKAPRECIOUSOBJECTONADARKVELVETBACKGROUNDTHATABSORBSALLLIGHTTHESHADOWGIVESSHAPEANDLIFTTOTHEOBJECTINLIGHTITALSOPROVIDESTHEREALMFROMWHICHFANTASIESANDDREAMSARISETHEARTOFCHIAROSCUROISASKILLOFTHEMASTERARCHITECTTOOINGREATARCHITECTURALSPACES,THEREISACONSTANT,DEEPBREATHINGOFSHADOWANDLIGHTSHADOWINHALESANDILLUMINATIONEXHALESLIGHTINOURTIME,LIGHTHASTURNEDINTOAMEREQUANTITATIVEMATTERANDTHEWINDOWHASLOSTITSSIGNIFICANCEASAMEDIATORBETWEENTWOWORLDS,BETWEENENCLOSEDANDOPEN,INTERIORITYANDEXTERIORITY,PRIVATEANDPUBLIC,SHADOWANDLIGHTHAVINGLOSTITSONTOLOGICALMEANING,THEWINDOWHASTURNEDINTOAMEREABSENCEOFTHEWALLTAKETHEUSEOFENORMOUSPLATEWINDOWTHEYDEPRIVEOURBUILDINGSOFINTIMACY,THEEFFECTOFSHADOWANDATMOSPHEREARCHITECTSALLOVERTHEWORLDHAVEBEENMISTAKENINTHEPROPORTIONSWHICHTHEYHAVEASSIGNEDTOLARGEPLATEWINDOWSORSPACESOPENINGTOTHEOUTSIDEWEHAVELOSTOURSENSEOFINTIMATELIFE,ANDHAVEBECOMEFORCEDTOLIVEPUBLICLIVES,ESSENTIALLYAWAYFROMHOME,WRITESLUISBARRAGAN,THETRUEMAGICIANOFINTIMATESECRECY,MYSTERYANDSHADOWINCONTEMPORARYARCHITECTURELIKEWISE,MOSTCONTEMPORARYPUBLICSPACESWOULDBECOMEMOREENJOYABLETHROUGHALOWERLIGHTINTENSITYANDITSUNEVENDISTRIBUTIONTHEDARKWOMBOFTHECOUNCILCHAMBEROFALVARAALTOSSAYNATSALOTOWNHALLRECREATESAMYSTICALANDMYTHOLOGICALSENSEOFCOMMUNITYDARKNESSCREATESASENSEOFSOLIDARITYANDSTRENGTHENSTHEPOWEROFTHESPOKENWORDINEMOTIONALSTATES,SENSESTIMULISEENTOSHIFTFROMTHEMOREREFINEDSENSESTOWARDSTHEMOREARCHAIC,FROMVISIONDOWNTOHEARING,TOUCHANDSMELL,ANDFROMLIGHTTOSHADOWACULTURETHATSEEKSTOCONTROLITSCITIZENSISLIKELYTOPROMOTETHEOPPOSITEDIRECTIONOFINTERACTION,AWAYFROMINTIMATEINDIVIDUALITYANDIDENTIFICATIONTOWARDSAPUBLICANDDISTANTDETACHMENTASOCIETYOFSURVEILLANCEISNECESSARILYASOCIETYOFTHEVOYEURISTICANDSADISTICEYEANEFFICIENTMETHODOFMENTALTORTUREISTHEUSEOFACONSTANTLYHIGHLEVELOFILLUMINATIONTHATLEAVESNOSPACEFORMENTALWITHDRAWALORPRIVACYEVENTHEDARKINTERIORITYOFSELFISEXPOSEDANDVIOLATEDACOUSTICINTIMACYSIGHTISOLATES,WHEREASSOUNDINCORPORATESVISIONISDIRECTIONAL,WHEREASSOUNDISOMNIDIRECTIONALTHESENSEOFSIGHTIMPLIESEXTERIORITY,BUTSOUNDCREATESANEXPERIENCEOFINTERIORITYIREGARDANOBJECT,BUTSOUNDAPPROACHESMETHEEYEREACHES,BUTTHEEARRECEIVESBUILDINGSDONOTREACTTOOURGAZE,BUTTHEYDORETURNOURSOUNDSBACKTOOUREARS“THECENTRINGACTIONOFSOUNDAFFECTSMANSSENSEOFCOSMOS,WRITESWALTERONGFORORALCULTURES,THECOSMOSISANONGOINGEVENTWITHMANATITSCENTREMANISTHEUMBILICUSMUNDI,THENAVELOFTHEWORLDITISTHOUGHTPROVOKINGTHATTHEMENTALLOSSOFTHESENSEOFCENTREINTHECONTEMPORARYWORLDCOULDBEATTRIBUTED,ATLEASTINPART,TOTHEDISAPPEARANCEOFTHEINTEGRITYOFTHEAUDIBLEWORLDHEARINGSTRUCTURESANDARTICULATESTHEEXPERIENCEANDUNDERSTANDINGOFSPACEWEARENOTNORMALLYAWAREOFTHESIGNIFICANCEOFHEARINGINSPATIALEXPERIENCE,ALTHOUGHSOUNDOFTENPROVIDESTHETEMPORALCONTINUUMINWHICHVISUALIMPRESSIONSAREEMBEDDEDWHENTHESOUNDTRACKISREMOVEDFROMAFILM,FORINSTANCE,THESCENELOSESITSPLASTICITYANDSENSEOFCONTINUITYANDLIFESILENTFILM,INDEED,HADTOCOMPENSATEFORTHELACKOFSOUNDBYADEMONSTRATIVEMANNEROFOVERACTINGADRIANSTOKES,THEENGLISHPAINTERANDESSAYIST,MAKESPERCEPTIVEOBSERVATIONSABOUTTHEINTERACTIONOFSPACEANDSOUND,SOUNDANDSTONELIKEMOTHERSOFMEN,THEBUILDINGSAREGOODLISTENERSLONGSOUNDS,DISTINCTORSEEMINGLYINBU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TONEOFTHEREASONSWHYTHEARCHITECTURALANDURBANSETTINGSOFOURTIMETENDTOMAKEUSFEELLIKEOUTSIDERS,INCOMPARISONWITHTHEFORCEFULEMOTIONALENGAGEMENTOFNATURALANDHISTORICALSETTINGS,ISTHEIRPOVERTYINTHEFIELDOFPERIPHERALVISIONUNCONSCIOUSPERIPHERALPERCEPTIONTRANSFORMSRETINALGESTALTINTOSPATIALANDBODILYEXPERIENCESPERIPHERALVISIONINTEGRATESUSWITHSPACE,WHILEFOCUSEDVISIONPUSHESUSOUTOFTHESPACE,MAKINGUSMERESPECTATORSTHEDEFENSIVEANDUNFOCUSEDGAZEOFOURTIME,BURDENEDBYSENSORYOVERLOAD,MAYEVENTUALLYOPENUPNEWREALMSOFVISIONANDTHOUGHT,FREEDOFTHEIMPLICITDESIREOFTHEEYEFORCONTROLANDPOWERTHELOSSOFFOCUSCANLIBERATETHEEYEFROMITSHISTORICALPATRIARCHALDOMINATION肌肤的眼睛（节选）阴影的意义映入眼帘的是感官的距离和分离，然而触摸则是完全意思上的亲近，亲密和深情。眼睛是测量，控制和调查。而触摸则是方法和方式。在强烈的情感体验的过程中，我们往往会闭起眼睛感受，我们在做梦，听音乐，抚摸我们所挚爱的人的时候往往都会闭起眼睛。深深的阴影和黑暗的环境是必不可少的，因为他们使得昏暗的视觉感受得更加的清晰，使深度和距离模糊混淆，并无意识的唤醒周边的视觉和触觉的幻想。一个老城区的街道之所以神秘而诱人正是其光明与黑暗领域相互交替交融，然而如今的街道则是灯火辉煌。在昏暗的光线和阴影能够刺激想象力和幻想的能力，为了考虑清楚，锐利的视野收到抑制，心不在焉，不能聚集目光和思想不集中。均匀明亮的光线以同样的方式瘫痪了想象力，同时体验空间感受被削弱了，然后拭去了人的位置感。黎明之时而非明亮的日光下，人类的眼睛是最完美的调整。雾和黄昏唤起的想象的视觉图像不清晰，模糊的中国绘画一个雾气弥漫的山地景观，或是沙地篱笆的龙安寺禅花园上升到无穷尽的方式来看待，唤起一种恍惚，冥想的状态。心不在焉的目光仅仅能穿透物体表面的物理图像，并着重在无限性。在他的著作“阴影的赞美”中，谷崎润一郎指出，即使是日本料理也取决于阴影，它是和黑暗是密不可分的当试菜人曾在试菜时，这是因为如果在黑暗的房间，你的舌头上融化。作者提醒我们的是，在古老的时代，艺妓和她的绿黑色的嘴唇，以及她的刻意抹上白色在脸上，变黑的牙齿都意在强调房间的黑暗和阴影。同样，卡拉瓦乔的画和伦勃朗都存在异常强大的意义上的重点就是起因于深度的影子,主角是嵌入式珍贵的东西在一个黑暗的丝绒背景吸收所有的光。阴影的形状大小和生动形象取决于光。它还提供了那些出现幻想和梦想的境界。明暗对比的艺术同样也是建筑大师的一种重要技能。在一个功能独特的建筑空间中，那里存在着一个恒定的常理，阴影和光线在自由的变化交替。光线不停的变化随之形成了不同形态的光影。在我们的时代，光线已经变成了一个纯粹的定量问题和窗口已经完全失去了它所应该赋予的意义，因为在这两个世界之间所调解的正是，封闭的和开放的，内在性的和外在性的，私人的和公共的，阴影的和光线的。失去了它的本体论的意义，窗口已经变成了一个仅仅是个有缺口的墙壁。使用那些巨大的金属板填充中间的窗户，他们之间的融合关系，却剥夺了我们的建筑物的光影效果和其与外部环境的联系。在世界各地的建筑师们都被误认为他们所按比例分配在立面上的洞口就是与外界密切联系的窗口。我们已经失去了我们的意义上所说的亲密生活，已经沦落为被迫生活在公共的生活环境之中，从本质上说是远离了自己的家乡，正如当代建筑路易斯巴拉甘所写道的，正像魔术师的神秘秘密，当代建筑的秘密就是光影变化所带来的魅力。同样，通过降低光的强度和它的不均匀分布，使得大多数现代的公共空间将变得更加令人愉快舒适。在安理会会议厅黑暗的子房间的阿尔瓦阿尔托的西纳斯阿罗镇公所的大会堂再现了神秘感和神话的社会意识，在黑暗中营造了一种团结互助的力量，并加强口头表达上的力量。在情感状态，看到了感觉刺激对转变为更精致更古老的理性态度，从更精致的感觉，从视觉、听觉、触觉和嗅觉、和从光线到阴影。一种文化，旨在控制其公民所可能会促进其相反方向的互动，原理亲密的个性和身份所走向的没落和识别的距离。监督社会需要一双正义的眼睛，一个能看穿社会的窥视和残暴的眼睛。精神折磨的一种有效的方法就是使用一个不断连续的高层次的照明，不留下任何空间的死角或者说是隐私，即使在黑暗的内在的自我暴露和侵犯。声的亲密关系视线的隔离，而声音则是结合；视觉是定向性的，而声音则是全方位性的。视觉的感觉意味着外在性，但音效创造了一个属于内在的体验经验。我注视着一个对象，但声音则接近于我的理解；眼睛所达到的，但耳朵能够接收到。建筑物不会做出反应，不会回应我们的目光，但是他们返回我们的声音回到我们的耳朵里。动作的声音会影响人的宇宙意识，沃尔特翁写道对于口述的文化，宇宙是一个正在进行的事件和人在它的中心定义。人是描摹的中心，是整个世界中心的肚脐。这是发人深省的意义在于当代世界的中心，精神损失可能是由于，至少在部分上，消失的声音世界的完整性。听力的结构和生成的经验和对空间的理解。我们一般都不知道听力的重要性在于空间的体验意义上，虽然声音经常提供时间连续统一体中，视觉印象是嵌入式。当配乐从电影中删除掉，例如，现场失去其可塑性和意义上的连续性和生命感。无声电影，事实上，不得不通过夸张的演技示范的方式矫枉过正以弥补缺乏完善的。阿德里安斯托克斯，英国的画家和散文家，让敏锐的观察对相互作用的空间与声音，声音和石头。像母亲的男人一样，建筑就是个好听众。长的声音，独特的或看似在约束的，安抚孔的宫殿，靠在椅子向后倾斜上逐步运河或路面。一个长音与它的回声带来了完善的石材，他写道。在夜间的城市当中有一半的人们被火车或者是救护车的声音所吵醒的，并通过他/她的睡眠经历了城市空间与无数居民分散在其结构，知道声音的力量超过了想象。昼伏夜出的声音是一个人的孤独和死亡的提醒，而且它使人意识到整个沉睡的城市。可以证明的耳朵非凡的能力，已经成为任何人都着迷滴水的声音在黑暗的废墟雕刻的卷到虚空的黑暗之中。空间追踪着耳朵在黑暗中变成一个空间直接在室内雕刻着思想。最后一章的斯蒂恩埃勒拉斯穆森的著作体验建筑的显著题为“听证会的架构。”作者描述了各种各样尺寸的声学品质，并回忆起声学认知在维也纳的地下隧道，在奥逊威尔斯的电影第三人声知觉你的耳朵接收隧道的长度和筒状的形式的影响。我们可以回想一下声音的平顺性，一个无人居住的和无装潢的房子比住在家里是感到更加的亲切。在声音的折射和个人生活的许多物体表面软化。每一个建筑物或者亲密关