high-rise buildings of reinforced concrete structures based on strong binding site analysis and control of cracks in_184

HIGHRISEBUILDINGSOFREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESBASEDONSTRONGBINDINGSITEANALYSISANDCONTROLOFCRACKSINABSTRACTWITHPRACTICALEXAMPLES,RESPECTIVELY,DISCUSSEDTHEHIGHRISEBUILDINGS,LARGEMULTITOWERCONSTRUCTIONANDAUTOMOTIVEFLOORRAMPOFREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESSUCHASCONSTRAINTCONDITIONSINSTRONGDEFORMATIONANDCRACKDISTRIBUTIONCHARACTERISTICSOFSTRONGCONSTRAINTSONTHEPARTSOFTHEPROPOSALFROMCRACKSINREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESBYSMALLCONSTRAINTS,TOENHANCESTIFFNESS,PRESTRESS,CONTROL,FLEXIBILITY,ETCOFCONCRETETECHNICALMEASURESTOCONTROLITKEYWORDSHIGHRISEBUILDINGSTRONGCONSTRAINTREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURECONCRETECRACKSSTRUCTURALSTIFFNESS1INTRODUCTIONHIGHRISEBUILDINGCRACKSINREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESAREMANYREASONS,MAINLYBYTHETEMPERATUREOFDEFORMATION,SHRINKAGEDEFORMATION,ANDSOONTHEBASISOFNONUNIFORMDEFORMATIONCAUSEDBYSUBSIDENCEACCORDINGTORELEVANTSTATISTICS,THECRACKSCAUSEDBYTHEDEFORMATIONACCOUNTEDFORALMOSTALLTHECRACKSINMORETHAN80,OFWHICH,INTHESAMECONDITIONS,THESTRONGBINDINGSITEPROJECTSAGREATERPROBABILITYOFCRACKS,CRACKWIDERTHEDEFORMATIONOFSTRUCTURESSUBJECTTOCONSTRAINTSARISINGAFTERRESTRAINTSTRESS,WHENTHERESTRAINTSTRESSEXCEEDSTHETENSILESTRENGTHOFREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURES,WHENITCRACKS,ITISBOUNDBYTHESTRENGTHOFCRACKSONTHESTRUCTURESHAVEACONSIDERABLEIMPACTTWOHIGHRISEBUILDINGSTRUCTUREUNDERSTRONGCONSTRAINTSANALYSISOFDEFORMATIONANDCRACKHIGHRISEBUILDINGINTHEBASEMENTWALLPANELS,THESECONDFLOORBEAMS,ROOFTOPFLATSLABANDPARAPETWALLDUETOTHEROLEOFTHERMALSTRESSTHANTHECRACKSMOREEASILYUNDERNORMALCIRCUMSTANCES,WORKSINPRACTICEOFTEN,CRACKSINTHESEAREAS21BASEMENTBASEMENTWORKSBESTPARTOFITISPRONETOCRACKSINWALLPANELS,FLOORANDROOFCRACKSINTHEPROBABILITYOFSMALL,MAINLYDUETOHIGHRISEBUILDINGBASEMENTSTRUCTURESOFTENLONG,WALLPANELSBYTHEBASEMENTFLOOROFAPOWERFULCONSTRAINTBOUNDISFARMUCHLARGERTHANTHEBASEMENTFLOORANDTHEROOFSUFFEREDCONSTRAINTSTHEVASTMAJORITYOFWALLPANELSFORTHEVERTICALCRACKSCRACKS,THEMAJORITYOFSEWINGACONSIDERABLELENGTHANDHIGHWALLSATBOTHENDSDECREASESMOSTCRACKSAPPEARINTHEFORMREMOVALSOONAFTER,ANDSOMECHANGESWITHTHEAMBIENTTEMPERATUREGRADIENTRELATEDUNDERNORMALCIRCUMSTANCESASTHESURFACECRACKS,ANDSOMETIMESALSOTHROUGHTHECRACKS22THEUNDERLYINGSTRUCTUREHIGHRISEBUILDINGSFIRSTANDSECONDFLOORINTHEUPPERSTRUCTURE,SUFFEREDTHEBIGGESTCONSTRAINTBASEMENTWALLPANELSANDROOFTHICK,REINFORCEDINTENSIVE,THEBASEMENTOFTHESTRUCTUREITSELFBEINGTHEBASEMENTFOUNDATION,FLOOR,LATERALSOILCONSTRAINTS,SOTHEBASEMENTSTRUCTUREONTHEUPPERPARTOFATWOSTORYGREATRESTRAINTAHIGHRISEBUILDINGS,TWOSTORYSTRUCTURE,FLATSLABTRANSVERSECRACKSOFTENOCCUR,ESPECIALLYTHOSELOCATEDBETWEENTHETWOELEVATORSHAFTTHEELEVATORSHAFTUSINGTUBESTRUCTUREGIRDER,THETWOREINFORCEDCONCRETEBEAMSISALSOSIMPLIFIEDBYTHESTRONGCONSTRAINTS,THEACTUALPROJECTOFTENHAVEVERTICALCRACKS,CRACKS,GENERALLYLOCATEDUNDERTHEPLATEONBOTHSIDESOFBEAMS,SOMETIMESWITHCRACKSINTHEENDBEAMPASS,THESECRACKSAREUSUALLYSUPERFICIALCRACKS,DEPTHOF12CMORLESS23MIDDLELAYERSTRUCTURETHEMIDDLELAYEROFFLATSLABHIGHRISEBUILDINGSTRUCTURE,CRACKSARERARE,ONEMAINREASONISTHATTHECONSTRAINTSTHEYSUFFEREDLESS24TOPLEVELSTRUCTUREOFHIGHRISEBUILDINGFLOORSTRUCTURE,THEMOREBOTTOMUPCONSTRAINTSSUFFEREDBYTHESMALLER,ITSHORIZONTALDISPLACEMENTOFTHEGREATERMEETTHERESTRICTEDBYDEFORMATIONISSMALL,THEWEAKCONSTRAINTBIGDEFORMATIONRULETHEREFORE,THEFARTHESTAWAYFROMTHEBOTTOMOFTHEBASEBOUNDBYTHECONSTRAINTSSUFFEREDBYTHETOPSTRUCTUREOFTHESMALLEST,THELARGESTOFITSHORIZONTALDISPLACEMENTHOWEVER,THEABSENCEOFTOPLEVELUPPERBOUNDORCONSTRAINEDMINIMIZATIONSUCHASTHECONSTRAINTSONTHEIRROOFROOM,SUBJECTTOSTRUCTURALCONSTRAINTSOFLOWERCOMPAREDWITHTHEUPPERPARTOFAGREAT,ALONGWITHTOPLEVELSTRUCTURE,TEMPERATURECHANGES,GENERALLYTHINONTHEROOFSURFACETEMPERATURESENSITIVE,TOGETHERWITHROOFCORNERLESIONSWERESUBJECTTOTWOCONSTRAINTS,SOROOFEASYTOPRODUCEEIGHTSHAPEDCRACKSINTHECORNERAREATHEREAREALSOTHESOUTHSIDEOFTHEROOFBEAMSWEREALARGETEMPERATUREDIFFERENCEBETWEENSUNSHINE,SOTHESOUTHSIDEOFTHEVERTICALBEAMSAREALSOPRONETOCRACKS25ROOFPARAPETTHECONSTRAINTSOFTHEROOFPARAPETWALLANDBASEMENTPLATE,THETOPSTRUCTURALSIMILARITIESPARAPETOFTHELOWERBOUNDBYTHEGREAT,BUTONLYONTHEUPPERPARTOFTHEGENERALCONSTRUCTIONREQUIREMENTSASSETUPATOPBEAM,THEUPPERBOUNDISVERYSMALL,COUPLEDWITHPARAPETFORTHETHINWALLEDSTRUCTURE,TEMPERATURECHANGES,CANEASILYPRODUCESHRINKAGECRACKS3LARGEMULTIFLOORTOWERBUILDINGSTRUCTURESUNDERTHECONSTRAINTSINSTRONGDEFORMATIONANDFRACTUREANALYSISLARGEMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGFLOORCRACKSANDHAVEAGENERALFEATUREOFHIGHRISEBUILDINGS,BUTALSOHASITSOWNCHARACTERISTICSGREATFLOORWITHTHEBASEMENTFLOORBYFLOORINTHETOWERPARTOFTHELEVELOFCONSTRAINTSANDVERTICALCONSTRAINTSARELARGE,SOTHETOWERANDTHEPODIUMORSQUAREINJOINTSPRONETOCRACKS31LARGEFLOORFLOORGREATFLOORMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGISFREQUENTLYUSEDPILERAFTFOUNDATIONORAPILEBOXISCHARACTERIZEDBYDIFFERENCESINVERTICALLOAD,SOTHATTHETOWERANDTHEPODIUMORPLAZAPRODUCEDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENT,THISTYPEOFPILERAFTFOUNDATIONORAPILEBOXISCHARACTERIZEDBYATHICKBOTTOMHISFARLESSTHANTHELENGTHANDWIDTHDIMENSIONSL,WHENH/LISLESSTHANOREQUALTO02,THESUBSTRATETEMPERATUREUNDERTHEACTIONOFSHRINKAGEDEFORMATIONANDLEFTENDREGIONS,THEENTIRECROSSSECTIONOFPLATETENSILESTRESSISUNIFORMINTHEROLEOFDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENT,GROUNDBASEDCONSTRAINTS,THETOWERVERTICALFORCE,WILLOCCURTHELEVELOFNORMALSTRESS,THESTRESSISMAINLYCAUSEDBYVERTICALCRACKS,ESPECIALLYINTHEBOTTOMBEAMTHICKNESSORRIBPARTOFASMALLERPODIUMANDPLAZAAREPARTICULARLYVULNERABLETOCRACKINGGENERALTRANSVERSECRACKSISDUETOTHEROLEOFTHEUPPERPARTOFTHEUNEVENLOAD,LEADINGTOTHEFOUNDATIONANDFOUNDATIONSHOULIBUUNIFORM,INTHEDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENT,SHRINKAGEANDGROUNDFLOORUNDERTHEBINDINGRIGIDITYOFFLOORITSELFISNOTENOUGHTOREGULATETHEUNEVENABILITYOFTHEFORCEISWEAK,SUIPRODUCEDATRANSVERSECRACKDISTRIBUTIONALONGTHEBOTTOMDIAGONALDIAGONALCRACKS,THECRACKWIDTHISGENERALLYPRESENTATBOTHENDSOFTHEMIDDLESMALLZAOHESHAPE,WITHTHEMOREOBVIOUSCHARACTERISTICSOFTHESHEARDAMAGE,BUTALSOCONSTRAINTSINTHEDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENTANDFOUNDATIONUNDERTHEINFLUENCEOFTHESTIFFNESSOFTHEIRSUBSTRATEINADEQUATEGENERATEDSOMETIMESINTOWERSANDSQUAREJUNCTIONSOFTHECOLUMNSWILLAPPEARALONGTHECOLUMNROOTWASISHAPEDCRACKS,CRACKS,ANDFURTHERDEVELOPMENT,THEIWORDWASDIAGONALCORNERSDOWEHAVETODEVELOP,THELENGTHISGENERALLYMUCHSHORTER32BASEMENTROOFGREATFLOORMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGINTHEBASEMENTROOFPLANESIZESAREGENERALLYLARGE,LONGLENGTHOFEACHSIDE,THETEMPERATURECHANGECAUSEDBYSTRETCHINGANDSHRINKAGEOFCONCRETESOWNVALUESARELARGEQIANGZHUALARGENUMBEROFCONCRETETOWERSANDTHESHEARWALLSTRUCTUREISANIMPORTANTCOMPONENTOFANTILATERALFORCE,ANDITSPRESENCEHASGREATLYIMPROVEDTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEANTISWAYCAPABILITY,INCREASEROOFDEFORMATIONCONSTRAINTSASTHEROOFAROUNDTHETOWERSTRUCTUREBYTHESTRONGBINDING,WHILETHEMIDDLEPARTTHEREISALARGESQUARESPACE,SUBJECTONLYTOTHEBASEMENTOFTHEWEAKCONSTRAINTQIANGZHU,THEREFORESUBJECTTOTHECONSTRAINTSSURROUNDINGTHEROOFISFARGREATERTHANTHECENTRALPARTOFBEINGBOUNDBYTHESURROUNDINGSTRESSHASALSOBEENISFARGREATERTHANTHECENTRALPARTASTHETOWERROOFINTHEVICINITYOFSTRESSCONCENTRATION,SOHERETHEFIRSTCRACKSARISEASTHEPLANESIZEOFLARGE,LONGSTRUCTURE,ROOFGRADUALLYOTHERPARTSOFTHECRACKSINTHEROOFCENTERISVERYWEAKDUETOCONSTRAINTSINGENERALNOCRACKSTOWERPARTSOFTHEROOFSTRUCTUREBYTHEBASEMENTANDTHEUPPERBOUNDARERELATIVELYLARGE,WHEREASTHEIROWNFLATSLABSPANBOTHSMALLANDLARGECROSSSECTIONBEAMS,STIFFNESSISBETTER,INGENERALDOESNOTAPPEARCRACKS33BASEMENTWALLPANELSLARGEMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGBASEMENTFLOORWALLPANELSANDHAVEAGENERALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEBASEMENTWALLPANELS,THEWALLPANELSBYTHETOWERSTRUCTUREDUETOTHESTRONGCONSTRAINTS,SOWALLPANELSANDHAVEACOMMONVERTICALCRACKSOUTSIDE,INTHESKIRTORSQUAREANDTHETOWERJUNCTIONISEASYTOPRODUCELARGECRACKS,VERTICALCRACKSINTHEGENERALWASSLIGHTLYOBLIQUE,CRACKSNEARTHETOPOFTHETOWER,THELOWERPARTNEARTHEPODIUMFOUROTHERSTRUCTURALCONSTRAINTSINSTRONGDEFORMATIONANDCRACKANALYSISUNDER41AUTORAMPMODERNBUILDINGSOFTENHAVEDIRECTACCESSTOTHESECONDFLOOROFTHEAUTOMOTIVEVEHICLERAMP,ALAYEROFUSUALLYASTHEGARAGELANEENDOFTHEFLOORWITHALAYERCONNECTEDTOTHEOTHERSIDEOFTHEBASEMENTISLOCATEDINOUTDOORNATUREBASEDORROOFONTHELAYOUTSHOWNINFIGURE1ASTHELANETOMAKEITSTRONGDIAGONALLAYOUTCONSTRAINTS,ESPECIALLYINTHEBASEMENTOFTHEROOFONTHEOTHERSIDEOFTHECASE,SOTHATGENERATEDPARALLELTOTHEHORIZONTALDRIVEWAYCRACKS,CRACKSOFTENCROSSCUTTINGNATURE42BACKSHAPEDSTRUCTURESOMEOFTHEWORKSDUETOTHENEEDFORTHEUSEOFDESIGNASWASBACKSHAPEINSIDEANDOUTSIDETWOREINFORCEDCONCRETESIMPLIFIED,TWOSIMPLIFIEDCONNECTIONBETWEENTHEUSEOFBEAMSLABWHENBOTHINTERNALANDEXTERNALSIMPLIFIEDCLOSERSPACING,THEBEAMSLABDEFORMATIONCONSTRAINEDBYAGREAT,EASYTOPRODUCECRACKSINTHEFLOORAPROJECTFORUNDERGROUNDLAYERSTRUCTURE,FROMBOTHINTERNALANDEXTERNALSIMPLIFIEDCONSTITUTE,INTHEMIDDLEOFNONROOFPOOL,SURROUNDEDBYAROOFFORTHEWALKWAY,CONCRETESTRENGTHGRADEOFC30SIMPLIFIEDINTERNALANDEXTERNALWALLTHICKNESSOF250MM,300MM,ROOFTHICKNESSOF120MM,ROOFREINFORCEMENTFORTHEUPPERANDLOWERDOUBLELAYERTWOWAY10MM150MMSTIFFNESSISRELATIVELYWEAKROOFSIMPLIFIEDSUBJECTTOCONSIDERABLECONSTRAINTSROOFCRACKSSHOWNINFIGURE2,INTHECORNERWAS45ANGULARDISTRIBUTION,INTHEMIDDLEWASTHEDIRECTIONPERPENDICULARTOTHESIMPLIFIEDLAYOUT5,STRONGBINDINGSITESOFREINFORCEDCONCRETETOPREVENTCRACKSINTHESTRUCTUREOFTECHNICALTREATMENTMEASURESSTRONGCONSTRAINTSAREBUILDINGANIMPORTANTCAUSEOFCRACKS,THEREARESTRONGCONSTRAINTSONTHECONSTRUCTION,SHOULDBETAKENTOREDUCETHECONSTRAINTS,TOENHANCESTRUCTURALRIGIDITY,PRESTRESSANDOTHERTECHNICALMEASURESTOEFFECTIVELYREDUCETHECRACKS51REDUCETHECONSTRAINTREDUCETHECONSTRAINTSTOFUNDAMENTALLYEASETHECRACKSTHESTRUCTUREOFLONGANDLARGEFLOORTOWERSTRUCTURECANBEUSEDAFTERTHEPOURINGZONE,EXPANSIONJOINTS,STRETCHINGTHEFULLRELEASEOFTHESTRESSOFCONCRETE,STRETCHINGTOTHESTRUCTURE,LEAVINGAREASONABLESPACERIGHTATTHEROCKOROLDCONCRETESTRUCTUREONTHEBASISORSETTHESLIDINGLAYERANDTHEUSEOFARTICULATEDPOINTMETHODSUCHASOBLIQUELANE,ITCANBELOCATEDATTHEOTHERENDWITHASLIDINGLAYEROFTHENATURALBASISREPOSTEDELSEWHEREINTHEPAPERFORFREEDOWNLOADHTTP/52TOENHANCERIGIDITYSTRENGTHENTHESTRUCTURESTIFFNESS,IMPROVETHEIROVERALLANTICRACKINGABILITYCONSTRAINEDAREAINSTRONGREINFORCEMENTTOIMPROVEANDREDUCETHEBARDIAMETERANDREINFORCEMENTSPACINGANDTOIMPROVETHESYNERGYBETWEENTHECONCRETEANDREINFORCEMENTTOIMPROVEANTICRACKINGABILITYSUCHASCANBESETUPINTHEBASEMENTWALLPLATEDARKBEAMSINSIGNIFICANTCHANGESINVERTICALLOADENCRYPTIONSTEELJOINTSTHESTRENGTHENINGOFLARGEMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGBASEMENTFLOORFLOOROVERALLRIGIDITYANDENHANCEITSROLEINREGULATINGDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENTANDCRACKINGCAPACITYSTRENGTHENINGOFCONCRETEMIXPROPORTIONDESIGN53PRESTRESSEDPRESTRESSEDSTRUCTURE,THEDEFORMATIONOFTHEDIRECTBINDINGANDREDUCETHEINTERNALFORCESGENERATEDDUETOCONSTRAINTSINORDERTOPREVENTSTRUCTURALCRACKINGTECHNOLOGYISESPECIALLYSUITABLEFORPRESTRESSEDFLOORSTRUCTURE,FLOORSTRUCTURE,WITHHORIZONTALCRACKSINTHEMAIN,VERTICALREINFORCEMENTCONFIGURATIONBECAUSETHEYHAVEASIGNIFICANTIMPACT,ANDCANBEUSEDINVERTICALMAINBEAMPRESTRESSEDTENDONSTOPRESTRESS54CONSTRUCTIONOFMEASURESSTRENGTHENTHECONSTRUCTION,GOODMAINTENANCEOFCONCRETEWORKTOMAXIMIZETHEACTUALSTRENGTHOFCONCRETESTRICTLYCONTROLTHETIMEAFTERTHEPOURINGZONEBLOCKING,SOTHATSUFFICIENTSTRESSOFCONCRETETIME6PROJECTS61EXAMPLE1HUNAN,APROJECTHASCONNECTEDINTOTHEBASEMENTANDTHEWHOLE,THEUPPERPARTOFTHEMAINBUILDINGBYSEVENHIGHLEVELCOMPOSITIONTHEENTIREPLANEWASABIGLSHAPED,TWOLONGSIDES,RESPECTIVELY,1535M,1336MMAINUSEOFFRAMESHEARWALLSTRUCTURESQUAREBASEMENTUSINGFRAMESTRUCTURE,COLUMNNETSPACING82MTHEREARETWOTHINGSINRESPECTOFEACHSYMMETRICALLAYOUTOFTHEMAINBUILDINGOFTHEELEVATORANDSTAIRWELLCONCRETECYLINDERBASEMENTWALLPANELSPRODUCEMOREVERTICALSURFACECRACKSPACINGINTHE34M,SPORADICCASESOFWATERSEEPAGENOOBVIOUSCRACKSINBASEMENTFLOORANDWATERSEEPAGEBASEMENTROOFHADAMOREOBLIQUE45CRACKSANDMOSTOFTHEMHAVETHEWATERLEAKAGE,CRACKS,MAINLYINTHESTRONGBINDINGSTRESSCONCENTRATIONAREAANDALARGEYINCORNER,ASSHOWNINFIGURE37TOCONNECTTHEMAINBUILDINGBETWEENTHETWOELEVATORS,STAIRSBETWEENTHESECONDFLOORBEAMSARECRACKSCRACKSINTHEBEAMWASVERTICALSIDEOFTHEDISTRIBUTIONOFTHEUPPERPLATECLOSETOTHEENDOFTHEBOTTOMBEAMPASSTOTHEENDOFTHEBOTTOMSIDEOFTHEINDIVIDUALBEAMSAREALSOCONNECTEDCRACKDEPTHOFLESSTHAN1CMTHESITEALSOHASTHREESMALLCRACKSINBEAMS,GIRDERSISNOTMORETHANFOURCRACKSFOUNDINTHEAREAASTHETOPEDGEBEAMREINFORCEMENTTOBESTRENGTHENED,ANDROOFCORNERSAREEQUIPPEDWITHUPPERANDLOWERRADIATIONTENDONS,ANDTHEREFOREFOUNDNOCRACKSINTHETOPLEVELSTRUCTURE62EXAMPLE2HUNANSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPARKCOMPLEXBUILDINGANINDUSTRIALENGINEERINGANDCONSTRUCTIONAREAOF56100M2AGROUNDFLOOROFALAYEROF6FLOORS,STRUCTURE,LENGTHINCLUDINGCANTILEVEREDSTRUCTURETO3005MBASICUSEOFHANDDUGPILESANDBOREDPILES,FLOORTHICKNESSOF40CMSTRUCTUREFORTHEWHOLEFRAMESTRUCTUREINSITUCONCRETESTRENGTHGRADEOFC30TONGTOUSHIUPPERBUILDINGISDESIGNEDWITHFLOORTOLARGEROWOFTHEEXTERNALWALLSOFWINDOWS621BASEMENTCRACKCONTROL1REDUCINGTHECONSTRAINTSSETUPANEXPANSIONJOINTINTHE29AXISISDIVIDEDINTOEASTANDWEST2,EACHFLOORHASSETUPTWOAFTERTHEPOURINGZONE,ASSHOWNINFIGURE4SCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFTHEBASEMENTFLATBASEMENTFLOOR,WALLPANELS,OUTDOORROOFANDAFTERPOURINGOFCONCRETEAREUSEDWITHAMIXED10UEAHOFTHEMICROEXPANSIONOFCONCRETETOIMPROVECONCRETERESISTANCESCALABILITY2STRENGTHENINGTHESTIFFNESSBASEMENTFLOORANDTHEEXTERIORPANELSUNDERTHEPREMISEOFMEETINGTHEREQUIREMENTSOFSMALLANDDENSELONGITUDINALREINFORCEMENT18MM150MMFROMTOPTOBOTTOMFLOORREINFORCEDNETWORKCONFIGURATIONWALLTHICKNESSOF300MM,THELEVELOFRIBSISCONFIGUREDTO14MM150MMADMIXTUREOFFLYASH,EXPANSIONAGENT,ADDITIVESSUCHASCEMENTANDWATERTOREDUCECONSUMPTION,IMPROVETHECONCRETEULTIMATETENSILEVALUEYELLOWSANDUSEDINSAND,GRAVELUSINGACONTINUOUS525MMDIAMETERSLUMPOF12CM3CONSTRUCTIONCONTROLAFTERPOURINGINACCORDANCEWITHABLOCKBOUNDEDBYPOURINGINBATCHESTOENSURETHATEACHPIECEOFCONCRETETOTHEMAXIMUMHEATRELEASE,SOTHATCONCRETEWILLNOTFOCUSONTHELARGERSHRINKAGESTRESSSTRENGTHENTHECONSERVATION,ACCELERATETHEEARTHBACKFILLAFTERFILLINGWITHATIMEOFPOURINGOFCONCRETEPOUREDFORTHESTRUCTUREO