柯南·道尔 简介（英文版）

ARTHURCONANDOYLEFROMWIKIPEDIA,THEFREEENCYCLOPEDIAFORTHEPROFESSIONALATHLETE,SEECONANDOYLERUGBYPLAYERSIRARTHURCONANDOYLESIRARTHURCONANDOYLEBORNARTHURIGNATIUSCONANDOYLE22MAY1859EDINBURGH,SCOTLANDDIED7JULY1930AGED71CROWBOROUGH,EASTSUSSEX,ENGLANDOCCUPATIONNOVELIST,SHORTSTORYWRITER,POET,PHYSICIANNATIONALITYSCOTTISH,IRISHCITIZENSHIPBRITISHGENRESDETECTIVEFICTION,SCIENCEFICTION,HISTORICALNOVELS,NONFICTIONNOTABLEWORKSSTORIESOFSHERLOCKHOLMESTHELOSTWORLDSIGNATURESIRARTHURIGNATIUSCONANDOYLEDL22MAY18597JULY19301WASASCOTTISH2PHYSICIANANDWRITER,MOSTNOTEDFORHISSTORIESABOUTTHEDETECTIVESHERLOCKHOLMES,GENERALLYCONSIDEREDAMILESTONEINTHEFIELDOFCRIMEFICTION,ANDFORTHEADVENTURESOFPROFESSORCHALLENGERHEWASAPROLIFICWRITERWHOSEOTHERWORKSINCLUDESCIENCEFICTIONSTORIES,PLAYS,ROMANCES,POETRY,NONFICTION,HISTORICALNOVELSANDHUMOURSEXPLOITSOFBRIGADIEREGERARDLIFEEARLYLIFEARTHURCONANDOYLEWASBORNTHETHIRDOFTENSIBLINGSON22MAY1859INEDINBURGH,SCOTLAND3HISFATHER,CHARLESALTAMONTDOYLE,WHOWASBORNINENGLANDOFIRISHDESCENT,ANDHISMOTHER,BORNMARYFOLEY,WHOWASIRISH,HADMARRIEDIN1855DOYLESFATHERDIEDIN1893,INTHECRICHTONROYAL,DUMFRIES,AFTERMANYYEARSOFPSYCHIATRICILLNESS4ALTHOUGHHEISNOWREFERREDTOAS“CONANDOYLE“,THEORIGINOFTHISCOMPOUNDSURNAMEIFTHATISHOWHEMEANTITTOBEUNDERSTOODISUNCERTAINTHEENTRYINWHICHHISBAPTISMISRECORDEDINTHEREGISTEROFSTMARYSCATHEDRALINEDINBURGHGIVES“ARTHURIGNATIUSCONAN“ASHISCHRISTIANNAME,ANDSIMPLY“DOYLE“ASHISSURNAMEITALSONAMESMICHAELCONANASHISGODFATHER5CONANDOYLEWASSENTTOTHEROMANCATHOLICJESUITPREPARATORYSCHOOLHODDERPLACE,STONYHURST,ATTHEAGEOFNINEHETHENWENTONTOSTONYHURSTCOLLEGEUNTIL1875FROM1875TO1876HEWASEDUCATEDATTHEJESUITSCHOOLSTELLAMATUTINAINFELDKIRCH,AUSTRIAFROM1876TO1881HESTUDIEDMEDICINEATTHEUNIVERSITYOFEDINBURGH,INCLUDINGAPERIODWORKINGINTHETOWNOFASTONNOWADISTRICTOFBIRMINGHAMANDINSHEFFIELD6WHILESTUDYING,CONANDOYLEALSOBEGANWRITINGSHORTSTORIESHISFIRSTPUBLISHEDSTORYAPPEAREDINCHAMBERSSEDINBURGHJOURNALBEFOREHEWAS207FOLLOWINGHISTERMATUNIVERSITY,HEWASEMPLOYEDASASHIPSSURGEONONTHESSMAYUMBADURINGAVOYAGETOTHEWESTAFRICANCOASTHECOMPLETEDHISDOCTORATEONTHESUBJECTOFTABESDORSALISIN18858WHILELIVINGINSOUTHSEA,HEPLAYEDFOOTBALLASAGOALKEEPERFORANAMATEURSIDE,PORTSMOUTHASSOCIATIONFOOTBALLCLUB,UNDERTHEPSEUDONYMACSMITH9THISCLUB,DISBANDEDIN1896,HADNOCONNECTIONWITHTHEPRESENTDAYPORTSMOUTHFC,WHICHWASFOUNDEDIN1898CONANDOYLEWASALSOAKEENCRICKETER,ANDBETWEEN1899AND1907HEPLAYED10FIRSTCLASSMATCHESFORTHEMARYLEBONECRICKETCLUBMCCHISHIGHESTSCORE,IN1902AGAINSTLONDONCOUNTY,WAS43HEWASANOCCASIONALBOWLERWHOTOOKJUSTONEFIRSTCLASSWICKETALTHOUGHONEOFHIGHPEDIGREEITWASWGGRACE10ALSOAKEENGOLFER,CONANDOYLEWASELECTEDCAPTAINOFTHECROWBOROUGHBEACONGOLFCLUB,EASTSUSSEXFOR1910HEMOVEDTOLITTLEWINDLESHAMHOUSEINCROWBOROUGHWITHHISSECONDWIFEJEANLECKIEANDTHEIRFAMILYFROM1907UNTILHISDEATHINJULY1930ORIGINSOFSHERLOCKHOLMESPORTRAITOFSHERLOCKHOLMESBYSIDNEYPAGET,1904IN1882HEJOINEDFORMERCLASSMATEGEORGEBUDDASHISPARTNERATAMEDICALPRACTICEINPLYMOUTH,11BUTTHEIRRELATIONSHIPPROVEDDIFFICULT,ANDCONANDOYLESOONLEFTTOSETUPANINDEPENDENTPRACTICE12ARRIVINGINPORTSMOUTHINJUNEOFTHATYEARWITHLESSTHAN10700TODAY13TOHISNAME,HESETUPAMEDICALPRACTICEAT1BUSHVILLASINELMGROVE,SOUTHSEA14THEPRACTICEWASINITIALLYNOTVERYSUCCESSFULWHILEWAITINGFORPATIENTS,CONANDOYLEAGAINBEGANWRITINGSTORIESANDCOMPOSEDHISFIRSTNOVELTHENARRATIVEOFJOHNSMITHWHICHWOULDGOUNPUBLISHEDUNTIL201115HISFIRSTSIGNIFICANTWORK,ASTUDYINSCARLET,APPEAREDINBEETONSCHRISTMASANNUALFOR1887ITFEATUREDTHEFIRSTAPPEARANCEOFSHERLOCKHOLMES,WHOWASPARTIALLYMODELLEDAFTERHISFORMERUNIVERSITYTEACHERJOSEPHBELLCONANDOYLEWROTETOHIM,“ITISMOSTCERTAINLYTOYOUTHATIOWESHERLOCKHOLMESROUNDTHECENTREOFDEDUCTIONANDINFERENCEANDOBSERVATIONWHICHIHAVEHEARDYOUINCULCATEIHAVETRIEDTOBUILDUPAMAN“16FUTURESHORTSTORIESFEATURINGSHERLOCKHOLMESWEREPUBLISHEDINTHEENGLISHSTRANDMAGAZINEROBERTLOUISSTEVENSONWASABLE,EVENINFARAWAYSAMOA,TORECOGNISETHESTRONGSIMILARITYBETWEENJOSEPHBELLANDSHERLOCKHOLMES“MYCOMPLIMENTSONYOURVERYINGENIOUSANDVERYINTERESTINGADVENTURESOFSHERLOCKHOLMESCANTHISBEMYOLDFRIENDJOEBELL“17OTHERAUTHORSSOMETIMESSUGGESTADDITIONALINFLUENCESFORINSTANCE,THEFAMOUSEDGARALLANPOECHARACTERCAUGUSTEDUPIN18PORTRAITOFDOYLEBYHERBERTROSEBARRAUD,1893EDITMARRIAGESANDFAMILYCONANDOYLESFAMILYINNEWYORK1922IN1885CONANDOYLEMARRIEDLOUISAORLOUISEHAWKINS,KNOWNAS“TOUIE“SHESUFFEREDFROMTUBERCULOSISANDDIEDON4JULY190619THENEXTYEARHEMARRIEDJEANELIZABETHLECKIE,WHOMHEHADFIRSTMETANDFALLENINLOVEWITHIN1897HEHADMAINTAINEDAPLATONICRELATIONSHIPWITHJEANWHILEHISLOUISAWASSTILLALIVE,OUTOFLOYALTYTOHERJEANDIEDINLONDONON27JUNE1940CONANDOYLEFATHEREDFIVECHILDRENHEHADTWOWITHHISFIRSTWIFEMARYLOUISE28JANUARY188912JUNE1976,ARTHURALLEYNEKINGSLEY,KNOWNASKINGSLEY15NOVEMBER189228OCTOBER1918HEALSOHADTHREEWITHHISSECONDWIFEDENISPERCYSTEWART17MARCH19099MARCH1955SECONDHUSBANDOFGEORGIANPRINCESSNINAMDIVANI,ADRIANMALCOLM19NOVEMBER19103JUNE1970ANDJEANLENAANNETTE21DECEMBER191218NOVEMBER1997EDIT“DEATH“OFSHERLOCKHOLMESHOLMESANDMORIARTYFIGHTINGOVERTHEREICHENBACHFALLSARTBYSIDNEYPAGETIN1890CONANDOYLESTUDIEDOPHTHALMOLOGYINVIENNA,ANDMOVEDTOLONDONIN1891TOSETUPAPRACTICEASANOPHTHALMOLOGISTHEWROTEINHISAUTOBIOGRAPHYT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