高考英语名词性从句精讲精练课件补差（可编辑）

高考英语精讲精练课件优秀课件,精彩无限1名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做宾语从句在句中做主语宾语表语从句在句中做同位语从句在句中表语同位语1THATHEWILLCOMEISCERTAIN主语从句2IKNOWTHATHEWILLCOME宾语从句3THETRUTHISTHATIHAVEBEENTHERE表语从句4THEFACTTHATSHEWASLATESURPRISEDUS优秀课件,精彩无限2同位语从句1为什么叫名词性从句名词能做的成分,从句都能做整个从句相当于一个名词_从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多2为什么要有名词性从句比较THEMANLOOKEDAROUND那人看了看四周名词作主语THATTHEBOYFAILEDAGAININTHEEXAMDISAPPOINTEDHISMOTHER那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望从句作主语同样作主语,从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质IKNOWHIMIKNOWTHATHEISWRITINGHISCOMPOSITIONINHISROOM我知道他在房间里写作文从句的特征是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分THAT除外优秀课件,精彩无限3从句THATWHETHERWHOWHOMWHOSE主语从句引导词WHATWHICHWHENWHEREWHYHOW位于句首1THATHEKNOWSJAPANESEISKNOWNTOALLTHAT无词义,不可省略他懂英语,这一点大家都知道DETAILS2WHATSURPRISEDMEWASTOSEEHIMHEREWHAT“什么”,“所的”令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他DETAILS3WHENHEWILLCOMEISUNKNOWN他什么时候来不清楚WHEN“什么时候”DETAILS4WHETHERHEISCOMINGDOESNTMATTERMUCH他来不来没什么要紧的DETAILS主语从句不用IF5ITREMAINSASECRETHOWTHEYCLIMBEDUPTHEMOUNTAIN他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密主语太长了放到句尾主语从句的位置1在句首2主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用IT优秀课件,精彩无限4IT作主语的常用句型有1ITBE形容词THAT从句2ITBE名称词组DUTY/PITYTHAT从句3ITBE过去分词SAID/THOUGHTTHAT从句4IT不及物动词SEEM/HAPPENTHAT从句1真可惜我们不能去游泳ITISAPITYTHATWECANTGOSWIMMING2碰巧那天我外出了HAPPEN只有IT句型ITHAPPENEDTHATIWASOUTTHATDAY3他考试肯定会考好ITISCERTAINTHATHEWILLDOWELLINTHEEXAM4据说他已告诉了她一切ITISSAID只有IT句型ITISSAIDTHATHETOLDHEREVERYTHINGMORE注意ITLOOKEDTHATHEWASRIGHT可以说ITLOOKSASIF优秀课件,精彩无限5用形式主语IT的主语从句常见结构1ITISCLEARNECESSARY,IMPORTANT,POSSIBLE,REMARKABLETHAT很清楚必要,重要,可能,值得注意等2ITISAFACTAGOODTHING,GOODNEWSTHAT事实是好事是,好消息是3ITISWELLKNOWNREPORTED,RECORDED,ESTIMATED,SAID,BELIEVEDTHAT众所周知据报道,据记载,据说,据估计4ITTURNSOUTSEEMS,HAPPENS,APPEARSTHAT结果是似乎是,碰巧是,好象是5ITHASBEENFOUNDHASBEENPROVED,CANBESEEN,MUSTBEPOINTEDOUTTHAT已发现已证明,可以看出,需指出优秀课件,精彩无限6用IT句型翻译1据说今年高一学生要学新教材ITISSAIDTHATTHESENIORGRADEONESTUDENTSWILLLEARNANEWTEXTTHISYEAR2事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务ITISAFACTTHATTHEYFINISHEDALLTHEWORKBYTHEMSELVES3碰巧他们已经参加过军训了ITHAPPENEDTHATTHEYHADHADTHEIRMILITARYTRAINING4众所周知,比尔盖茨是世界上最富有的人ITISWELLKNOWNTHATBILLGATESISTHERICHESTPERSONINTHEWORLD5我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要ITISIMPORTANTTHATWESHOULDFORMAGOODHABITOFSTUDYINGNOTEITISIMPORTANT/NECESSARY/NATURAL/OURDUTY/ESSENTIAL/STRANGETHATSBSHOULDDOSTH固定句型,SHOULD可以省略翻译真奇怪他今天竟然迟到了ITISSTRANGETHATHESHOULDBELATETODAY优秀课件,精彩无限7STRANGE不省略SHOULD为好表语从句从句同主语从句11个,外加ASIF/引导词ASTHOUGH,系动词后面1THETRUTHISTHATHEHASNEVERBEENTOTHECOUNTRYSIDE实际情况是他从未去过农村THAT一般不省略2THEQUESTIONISWHETHERWCANFINISHTHEEXPERIMENTBYFRIDAY问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验表语从句不用IF3ITLOOKSASIFITWEREGOINGTORAINASIF/ASTHOUGH从句常表示不真实的情况好象看上去要下雨似的其实不会SHETALKSASIF/ASTHOUGHSHEHADBEENTHEREBEFORE又比如她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿似的4THISSCHOOLISNOLONGERWHATITWASBEFORE这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了WHATTHETHINGTHAT优秀课件,精彩无限8MORE注意下列表语从句中WHERE,HOW,WHY的译法固定句型1THISISWHERELUXUNONCELIVEDTHISISWHERE这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方这就是的地方2THATWASHOWTHEYWONTHEMATCHTHISISWHY这就是的原因他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的THISISHOW3THISISWHYSHEGOTUPSOEARLYTHISMORNING这就是的方法这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因1我们就是这样克服困难的THISIS/THATWASHOWWEOVERCAMETHEDIFFICULTIES2那就是他昨天缺席的原因THISIS总是现在时THATISWHYHEWASABSENTYESTERDAYTHATIS表示性质3这就是我们上星期碰头的地方THATWAS指过去动作优秀课件,精彩无限9THISISWHEREWEMETLASTSUNDAY宾语从句宾语从句中的连接词THAT在以下三种情况下不能省略1当THAT从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,第二个THAT不能省2当THAT作介词宾语时,THAT不可省掉。3用IT做形式宾语的宾语从句EVERYONEKNEWWHATHAPPENEDANDTHATSHEWASWORRIEDTHEREASONLIESINTHATSHEWORKSHARDER优秀课件,精彩无限10THANTHEOTHERSDOWHETHER与IF的辨用表“是否”时,在下列情况下用WHETHER。A主语从句B表语从句C同位语从句E介词后的宾语从句F后接动词不定式WHETHERTODOSTHGWHETHERORNOT连在一起引导宾语从句时不用IF优秀课件,精彩无限112注意WHETHER和IF的使用区别1WHETHER和IF都可以引导宾语从句A当WHETHER后紧跟ORNOT时,不用IFEGIDONTKNOWWHETHERORNOTIWILLSTAYB介词后面的宾语从句不能用IFEGIWORRYABOUTWHETHERIHURTHERFEELING优秀课件,精彩无限12PRACTICETIMEIF/WHETHERIF/WHETHER1IASKEDHER_SHEHADABIKEWHETHER3WEREWORRIEDABOUT_HEISSAFEWHETHER/IF4IDONTKNOW_HEISWELLORNOTWHETHER5IDONTKNOW_ORNOTHEISWELLWHETHER8IDONTKNOW_TOGO优秀课件,精彩无限13DOUBT问题1IDOUBTIF/WHETHERHEWILL肯定句中用IF/WHETHERPASSTHEEXAM2IDONTDOUBTTHATWEWILL否定句中用THATWINTHEMATCH3DOYOUDOUBTTHATHEDIDIT疑定句中用THATONHISOWN1IDOUBT_HEIF/WHETHERISTELLINGTHETRUTHTHAT2WENEVERDOUBT_THEPLANWILLBECARRIEDOUTTHAT3DOESHEDOUBT_YOUAREFROMAUSTRIAIF/WHETHER4IMDOUBTFUL_HEWILLAGREETOTHIS优秀课件,精彩无限14THAT从句只跟在EXCEPT,BUT,宾语从句经常做介词的宾语IN,BESIDES,SAVE五个介词后面1THESWEDESTOODSTILL,EXCEPT_HITHATSLIPSMOVEDSLIGHTLYWHAT2SHEISNOTSATISFIEDWITH_SHEHASACHIEVEDHOW3MARYALWAYSTHINKSOF_SHECANDOMOREFORTHECLASSWHOEVER4HEWROTEALETTEROFTHANKSTO_HELPEDHIM任何一个介词后面不用IF5ITDEPENDSONIWFWHEETHAHERVEWEEHANOUGHTVEENOUGHTIMEIMEWHATYOUHAVEDONE6AREYOUSORRYFORWHICHYOUHAVEDONEM介词后面不用WHICH宾语从句经常作表语形容词的宾语此类表语形容词有AFRAIDPLEASEDHAPPY1IMAFRAIDTHATILLBELATESATISFIEDANXIOUSSURE我恐怕要迟到了THAT可以省略SURPRISEDCERTAINGLAD2WEWERESURPRISEDTHATHELOSTTHEGAME优秀课件,精彩无限15AWARE用它们造句我们对他在比赛中的失败感到惊异从句后移WECONSIDERHERSUITABLEFORTHEJOB宾语宾补ICONSIDERTHATWESHOULDLEARNENGLISHWELLNECESSARY我认为学好英语是必要的IT不能漏ICONSIDERITNECESSARYTHATWESHOULDLEARNENGLISHWELLCONSIDERFINDTHINKFEELMAKE等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语IT,宾语从句放到宾补之后1WETHINKTHATMIDDLESCHOOLSTUDENTSMASTERONEFOREIGNLANGUAGEPOSSIBLE改用形式宾语ITWETHINKITPOSSIBLETHATMIDDLESCHOOLSTUDENTSMASTERONEFOREIGNLANGUAGE2WEHAVEMADETHATAFOREIGNLANGUAGEISUSEFULWEAPONINTHESTRUGGLEOFLIFECLEAR改用形式宾语ITWEHAVEMADEITCLEARTHATAFOREIGNLANGUAGEISUSEFULWEAPONINTHESTRUGGLEOFLIFE优秀课件,精彩无限16MORECORRECTIONWHICH不做介词宾语1THEEMPERORWASPLEASEDBYWWHIHACTHTHEMINISTERTOLDHIMABOUTITTHAT不做介词宾语2AREYOUSORRYFORTHATYOUHAVEANNOYEDHIMITNECESSARYTHATTHISSHOULDBEKEPTSECRETFORTHETIME3IFINDTHATTHISSHOULDBEKEPTSECRETFORTHETIMEBEINGNECESSARYBEING4CANYOUDOUBTIFSHEWILLSUCCEEDTHATSHEWILLSUCCEED5IWORRIEDABOUTIFMYBROTHERWILLRETURNINTIMEWHETHERMYBROTHERWILLRETURNINTIME6SHESAIDTHATSHEHAHADSNEVERTOLDALIE从句缺少引导词WILLLEAVEFORPARIS7WILLYOUTELLMEWHENHELEAVESFORPARISTHATOURFOOTBALLTEAMWONTHEMATCHLASTSUNDAYEXCITEDALLOFUS8OURFOOTBALLTEAMWONTHEMATCHLASTSUNDAYEXCITEDALLOFUSITSEEMED9ITLOOKEDTHATHEWASWELLPREPAREDFORTHEUNEXPECTEDCHALLENGE没有ITLOOKTHAT表达式WHAT10THATHESAIDMOVEDEVERYONEPRESENT优秀课件,精彩无限17THAT不做句子成分被修饰词有FACT,NEWS,HOPE,OPINION,ORDER,同位语从句QUESTION,PROBLEM,BELIEF,TRUTH,THEORY,DECISION,DISCOVERY,CONCLUSION,PROMISE,RUMOR,FEAR,同位语从句说明它们的内容THOUGHT,SUGGESTION,PLAN,IDEA常见引导词THAT,WHETHERIF,HOW,WH疑问词1THEFACTTHATDEEDSAREBETTERTHANWORDSISQUITECLEAR事实胜于雄辨这一道理非常清楚THAT无词义2THEQUESTIONHOWIDIDITISHARDTOANSWER我怎么做的这一问题难回答3THEYHADNOIDEAWHERETHEYSHOULDGOTOFINDSOMEFOOD他们根本不知去哪儿找食物4THEQUESTIONWHETHERHECOMESORNOTISNOTIMPORTANTIF他是否来这个问题不重要5ATHOUGHTCAMETOMETHATHEMIGHTBEINTHELIBRARY我突然想到他可能在图书馆被别的词隔开优秀课件,精彩无限181TWOTHIRDSOFALLGIRLSINBRITAINAREONADIET/THEFACT_WORRIESTHEIRPARENTSANDTEACHERSALOT_THEFACTTHATTWOTHIRDSOFALLGIRLSAREONADIETWORRIESTHEIRPARENTSANDTEACHERSALOT2THEQUEENOFENGLANDWASONATHREEDAYVISITIN_CHINA/WEHEARDTHENEWSLASTNIGHT_WEHEARDTHENEWSLASTNIGHTTHATTHEQUEENOFENGLANDWASONATHREEDAYVISITINCHINA优秀课件,精彩无限193TEENAGERSSHOULDNOTSPENDTOOMUCHTIMEONLINE/_MANYBRITISHPARENTSHOLDTHEVIEWMANYBRITISHPARENTSHOLDTHEVIEWTHATTEENAGERSSHOULDNTSPENDTOOMUCHTIMEONLINE4TIMETRAVELISPOSSIBLE/THEREISNOSCIENTIFICPROOFFOR_THEIDEA_THEREISNOSCIENTIFICPROOFFORTHEIDEATHATTIMETRAVELISPOSSIBLE5CHINESESTUDENTSSHOULDBEGIVENMOREFREETIME/_THESUGGESTIONISWELCOMEDBYMANYPEOPLE,ESPECIALLY_KIDSINSCHOOLTHESUGGESTIONTHATCHINESESTUDENTSSHOULDBEGIVENMOREFREETIMEISWELCOMEDBYMANYPEOPLE,ESPECIALLYKIDSINSCHOOL优秀课件,精彩无限20一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语EGTHENEWSTHATOURTEAMHASWONTHEFINALMATCHISENCOURAGING同位语从句我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。THENEWSTHATYOUTOLDUSISREALLYENCOURAGING定语从句你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。优秀课件,精彩无限212、两种从句都可以用THAT引导EGTHESUGGESTIONTHATSTUDENTSSHOULDLEARNSOMETHINGPRACTICALISWORTHCONSIDERING同位语从句学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。THESUGGESTIONTHATISWORTHCONSIDERINGISTHATTHESTUDENTSSHOULDLEARNSOMETHINGPRACTICAL定语从句值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。优秀课件,精彩无限22二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1、从句的作用不同同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。EGTHENEWSTHATOURTEAMHASWONTHEFINALMATCHISENCOURAGING从句说明“消息”的内容我们队取得了决赛胜利。THENEWSTHATYOUTOLDUSISREALLYENCOURAGING从句对“消息”加以限定是你告诉我们的,而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。优秀课件,精彩无限232、引导从句的关联词THAT的功能不同THAT引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,不充当任何成分而引导定语从句的THAT是关系代词,既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。EG1DADMADEAPROMISETHATHEWOULDBUYMECDPLAYERIFIPASSEDTHEENGLISHTESTTHAT不充当任何成分2DADMADEAPROMISETHATEXCITEDALLHISCHILDRENTHAT指代PROMISE,又在从句中充当主语。优秀课件,精彩无限24考点之一考查名词性从句中THAT与WHAT的区别考例_WECANTGETSEEMSBETTERTHAN_WEHAVEAWHATWHATBWHATTHATCTHATTHATDTHATWHAT分析注划线的选项为最佳答案,下同在名词性从句中THAT与WHAT的区别是THAT在名词性从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用而WHAT在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用,而且作句子成分句子的意思是我们不能得到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好此题考查了两个名词性从句主语从句和宾语从句,WHAT在这两个名词性从优秀课件,精彩无限25句中都作宾语考点之二考查名词性从句中的IT作形式主语或形式宾语考例1_ISAFACTTHATENGLISHISBEINGACCEPTEDASANINTERNATIONALLANGUAGEATHEREBTHISCTHATDIT分析在这种名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词IT作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是THAT引导的主语从句往往用先行词IT作形式主语此句也可以改写为THATENGLISHISBEINGACCEPTEDASANINTERNATIONALLANGUAGEISAFACT考例2IHATE_WHENPEOPLETALKWITHTHEIRMOUTHSFULLAITBTHATCTHISDTHEM分析此题考查的是用先行词IT作形式宾语,优秀课件,精彩无限26而把真正的宾语从句放到后面其他几个词均不能作形式宾语考点之三考查名词性从句的语序考例THEPHOTOGRAPHSWILLSHOWYOU_AWHATDOESOURVILLAGELOOKLIKEBWHATOURVILLAGELOOKSLIKECHOWDOESOURVILLAGELOOKLIKEDHOWOURVILLAGELOOKSLIKE分析在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。当关联词含疑问意义时,有的学生就会受习惯影响错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从句中的主语和谓语。本题句子的意思是这些照片会告诉你我们村子是什么样。本题中根据引导词WHAT要作介词LIKE的宾语,而副词HOW不能作介词LIKE的宾语,所以首先排除C、D,而A项是疑问句语序,故只能选B。优秀课件,精彩无限27考点之四考查名词性从句中的WHETHER,IF以及THAT的区别考例1_WELLGOCAMPINGTOMORROWDEPENDSONTHEWEATHERAIFBWHETHERCTHATDWHERE分析句子的意思是我们明天是否去野营要视天气而定WHETHER与IF当“是否“讲时的区别是在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换,但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟ORNOT时通常只能用WHETHER,而不能用IF考例2WHATTHEDOCTORSREALLYDOUBTIS_MYMOTHERWILLRECOVERFROMTHESERIOUSDISEASESOONAWHENBHOWCWHETHERDWHY分析本题句子的意思是医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来WHETHER引导的是表语从句优秀课件,精彩无限28考例3ITWORRIEDHERABIT_HERHAIRWASTURNINGGRAYAWHILEBTHATCIFDFOR分析本题句子的意思是头发变白使她有点儿不安。IT作形式主语,THAT引导的是主语从句。WHETHER,IF以及THAT引导的名词性从句的区别是WHETHER与IF当“是否“讲时引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义而THAT引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义。优秀课件,精彩无限29考点之五考查名词性从句中的疑问词EVER引导的名词性从句及其与NOMATTER疑问词引导的从句的区别考例1ITISGENERALLYCONSIDEREDUNWISETOGIVEACHILD_HEORSHEWANTSAHOWEVERBWHATEVERCWHICHEVERDWHENEVER分析本题句子的意思是一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的WHATEVER引导的是宾语从句,AHOWEVER和DWHENEVER是不能作宾语的而CWHICHEVER表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些“,表示在一定范围内的人或事物,此处并不涉及“一定范围内的人或事物“,所以也不能选优秀课件,精彩无限30考例2SARAHHOPESTOBECOMEAFRIENDOF_SHARESHERINTERESTSAANYONEBWHOMEVERCWHOEVERDNOMATTERWHO分析本题句子的意思是萨拉希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友疑问词EVER引导的名词性从句与NOMATTER疑问词引导的从句的区别是前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句后者只能引导让步状语从句首先排除D而选AANYONE则应在其后加WHO从句中需要的是主语,所以WHOMEVER也不行优秀课件,精彩无限31考点之六考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题考例ITISNECESSARYTHATACOLLEGESTUDENT_ATLEASTAFOREIGNLANGUAGEAMASTERSBSHOULDMASTERCMASTEREDDWILLMASTER分析本题选B句子的意思是大学生至少应该掌握一门外语。IT作形式主语,THAT引导的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。1在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气“SHOULDDO“,常用的句型有IITISNECESSARYIMPORTANT,NATURAL,STRANGE,ETCTHATIIITISAPITYASHAME,NOWONDER,ETCTHATIIIITISSUGGESTEDREQUESTED,PROPOSED,DESIRED,ETCTHAT如ITISSTRANGETHATSHESHOULDTHINKSO优秀课件,精彩无限322表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有SUGGEST,PROPOSE,INSIST,DESIRE,DEMAND,REQUEST,ORDER,COMMAND等。如IINSISTTHATSHESHOULDDOHERWORKALONE3主语是SUGGESTION,PROPOSAL,REQUEST,DECISION等表示“建议、请求、要求、决定等“意思的词时,表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“SHOULDDO“。如HISSUGGESTIONISTHATWESHOULDHOLDANOTHERMEETINGTODISCUSSTHEQUESTION优秀课件,精彩无限33