毕业论文-基于stc89c5单片机的室内温湿度计的设计

郑州航空工业管理学院毕业论文（设计）2013届电子信息工程专业0913082班级题目基于STC89C5单片机的室内温湿度计的设计姓名学号指导教师职称讲师二一三年五月十九日内容摘要本次设计是采用MSC51系列单片机中的STC89C52和DHT11的低成本的温湿度的检测系统。本设计主要包括硬件电路的设计和系统软件的设计。硬件电路主要包括单片机、温湿度传感器、显示模块、报警器以及键盘等5部分，由DHT11温湿度传感器及1602字符型液晶模块构成系统显示模块，该系统电路简单、工作稳定、集成度高，调试方便，测试精度高，具有一定的实用价值。其中测温湿度控制电路由温湿度传感器和预设温度值比较报警电路组成，用户根据需要输入预设值，当实际测量的温湿度大于预设的温湿度数值时，发出报警信号（蜂鸣器蜂鸣，LED灯亮）。软件部分包括了主程序、显示子程序、测温湿度子程序。本次设计采用的DHT11温湿度传感器是一款含有已校准数字输出的温湿度复合传感器，传感器包括一个电阻式感湿原件和一个NTC测温元件，并与一个高性能的8位单片机相连接。关键词温度测量；湿度测量；STC89C52；DHT11ABSTRACTTHISDESIGNISTHEUSEOFMSC51SERIESMCUSTC89C52ANDDHT11INTHELOWCOSTTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYDETECTIONSYSTEMTHISDESIGNINCLUDESTHEDESIGNOFHARDWAREANDSYSTEMSOFTWAREDESIGNHARDWARECIRCUITINCLUDESAMICROCONTROLLER,TEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORS,DISPLAYMODULE,THEALARMANDTHEKEYBOARD5,THEDHT11TEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORAND1602CONSTITUTEASYSTEMOFCHARACTERLCDMODULEDISPLAYMODULE,THESYSTEMCIRCUITISSIMPLE,STABLE,HIGHINTEGRATION,COMMISSIONINGCONVENIENT,HIGHPRECISION,HASSOMEPRACTICALVALUETEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYCONTROLCIRCUITINWHICHTHETEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORSANDCOMPARETHEVALUEOFTHEPRESETTEMPERATUREALARMCIRCUIT,THEUSERINPUTREQUIREDPREDEFAULTVALUE,WHENTHEACTUALTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYMEASUREMENTSOFTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYISGREATERTHANTHEPRESETVALUE,ANALARMSIGNALBEEBUZZERBEEPSOFTWAREPARTINCLUDESTHEMAINPROGRAM,DISPLAYROUTINES,SUBROUTINESSIDETEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITY。THEDESIGNUSESTHEDHT11TEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORSISADIGITALOUTPUTWITHACALIBRATEDTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYCOMBINEDSENSOR,THESENSORINCLUDESARESISTANCEANDASENSEOFTHEORIGINALWETNTCTEMPERATUREMEASUREMENTDEVICES,ANDWITHAHIGHPERFORMANCE8BITMICROCONTROLLERCONNECTEDKEYWORDSTEMPERATUREMEASUREMENT；HUMIDITYMEASUREMENT；STC89C52；DHT11目录第一章绪论111研究背景及意义112研究要实现的功能1第二章设计分析及方案论321设计总体方案及方案论证322元器件的选择4221主控制器件单片机4222传感器温湿度传感器DHT115223显示器件LCD16028第三章硬件电路图的设计1231报警电路1232晶振电路1333显示电路1434传感器电路1435复位电路1536总体电路16第四章软件部分设计1841程序流程图18总结19致谢20参考文献20附录21源程序21第一章绪论11研究背景及意义随着人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对其生存质量做出更高的要求。因此家居内的基本环境如湿度、温度有必要做出一定精度的监测以让人们和最佳舒适感系数做出简单明了的判别，从而采取一定措施以达到最佳舒适度。环境控制也就成了人们安居乐业的基础，成了共建和谐环境的重要环节。尤其是目前生活节奏的加快，许多白领都出现了亚健康的状态，因此家庭温湿度的检测对于现代家庭来说也变得刻不容缓了。因此为了满足最适宜人们生活的最佳温度和湿度，我们需要研究一种家庭式的，便于提醒和控制温湿度的装置，人们可以根据不同季节以及个人的需要进行不同的调整，以便达到最佳的居住环境，这不仅仅是对于环境要求的进步，同时也体现了现代文明的发达与先进。研究温湿度的控制非常有必要，它可以优化组合社区资源，提升服务水平，推动反房地产等其他行业的发展，为他们带来新的商机。并且可以移植到汽车，仓库，蔬菜大棚等有限空间的温湿度数据采集系统中去。因此，具有广阔的应用前景和用途。12研究要实现的功能本设计的目的就是了解对室内的温湿环境的实现方法，和应用到的有关软硬件知识。实现的功能有实时温度，湿度智能显示。并且能够智能报警从而采取相应措施。便于提醒和控制温湿度的装置，人们可以根据不同季节以及个人的需要进行不同的调整，采用DHT11数字温湿度传感器与单片机STC89C52相连外围电路比较简单。所以，本次设计以DHT11数字温湿度传感器为例，介绍基于单片机的数字温湿度计的设计提出解决。第二章设计分析及方案论21设计总体方案及方案论证按照系统设计功能的要求，确定系统由5个模块组成主控制器，数字温湿度传感器，报警电路，按键电路及驱动显示电路。如图21驱动显示模块块模块报警电路按键电路温湿度传感器主控制器图21总体电路框图单片机作为主控制器，主要负责处理由温湿度传感器送来数据，并把处理好的数据送向显示器模块，数据温湿度传感器主要用来采集周围的环境参数，并把所采集到得数据送向单片机，按键电路主要是用来完成单片机的复位操作和温湿度初始值的设定。蜂鸣器电路就是用三极管来实现的，用来判断周围的温度或者湿度是否超出设定数值，显示电路主要用来显示当前的温湿度。22元器件的选择221主控制器件单片机STC89C52是STC公司生产的一种低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器，具有8K在系统可编程FLASH存储器。STC89C52使用经典的MCS51内核，但做了很多的改进使得芯片具有传统51单片机不具备的功能。在单芯片上，拥有灵巧的8位CPU和在系统可编程FLASH，使得STC89C52为众多嵌入式控制应用系统提供高灵活、超有效的解决方案。具有以下标准功能8K字节FLASH，512字节RAM，32位I/O口，内置8KBEEPROM，MAX810复位电路，3个16位定时器/计数器，4个外部中断，一个7向量4级中断结构（兼容传统51的5向量2级中断结构），全双工串行口。另外STC89C52可降至0HZ静态逻辑操作，支持2种软件可选择节电模式。空闲模式下，CPU停止工作，允许RAM、定时器/计数器、串口、中断继续工作。掉电保护方式下，RAM内容被保存，振荡器被冻结，单片机一切工作停止，直到下一个中断或硬件复位为止。最高运作频率35MHZ，6T/12T可选。单片机管脚图如22所示图22STC89C52单片机管脚图222传感器温湿度传感器DHT11DHT11数字温湿度传感器是一款含有已校准数字信号输出的温湿度复合传感器，它应用专用的温湿度传感和数字模块采集技术，具有很高的稳定性和可靠性，DHT11传感器内含一个NTC测温和一个电阻式感湿元件，并与一个8位的高性能单片机相连接，在精确的湿度校验室中DHT11传感器进行过校准，以程序的形式校准系数储存在0TP内存中，检测信号的时候，在处理过程中传感器内部要调用这些校准系数，采用单线制的串行接口，使系统集成可以有较低的功耗，而且更加简单快速，信号传输距离超过20米，作为一个数字温湿度传感器DHT11具有响应快速、抗干扰强、性价比高等优点，它的性能指标如下湿度测量范围为2095RH；湿度测量精度为5RH；温度测量范围为050，温度测量精度为2，工作电压3055V，相应时间INCLUDEDEFINESIZE5/定义存贮数组为五个字节DEFINENUMBER20DEFINEOK1DEFINEERROR0TYPEDEFUNSIGNEDCHARUCHARTYPEDEFUNSIGNEDINTUINTUINTSHIDU,WENDUUINTWEN_SX0/温度上限UINTSHI_SX0/湿度上限UCHARNUMUCHARSTATUSOK/状态标志UCHARCODETABLE“WENDU“/温度UCHARCODETABLE1“SHIDU“/湿度UCHARCODETABLE2“0123456789“UCHARVALUE_ARRAYSIZEUCHARBAI,SHI,GE,BAI1,SHI1,GE1,NUM1,SHI2,GE2,SHI3,GE3/各个变量定义/UCHARCOUNT,SHIDU_XIAOSHU,WENDU_XIAOSHU/标志，问四度小数部分UCHARNUMSBITEP27SBITRSP26SBITWRP25SBITDHT11P17/传感器传输总线定义SBITS1P11/按键定义SBITS2P12SBITS3P13SBITS4P14SBITBAOJINGP15/报警位定义SBITLEDP34VOIDDELAY_5US_NOP_NOP_NOP_NOP_NOP_VOIDDELAYUINTDELAYUINTI,JFORI0I0IVALUENUMBERSTATUSERRORRETURN0DELAY_5USDELAY_5USDELAY_5USIFDHT110VALUEWHILEDHT110RETURN0RETURNVALUEUCHARREADVALUEVOIDUCHARCOUNT0,CHECK_VALUE0,I0DHT110DELAY20DHT111DELAY_5USDELAY_5USDELAY_5USDELAY_5USIFDHT110RETURNERRORWHILEDHT110RETURNERRORCOUNT0DHT111WHILEDHT110RETURNERRORFORI0I0XFORY110Y0YVOIDWRITEDATA1602UCHARDATAE0RS0RS1/RS为一时写数据DELAYMS1P0DATAE1DELAYMS1E0RS0VOIDWRITECOM1602UCHARDATA1E0RS1RS0/RS为0时写命令DELAYMS1P0DATA1E1DELAYMS1E0RS1VOIDLCD_INT/LCD初始化E0WRITECOM16020X38WRITECOM16020X0CWRITECOM16020X06WRITECOM16020X80VOIDINTERRUPT_INITTMOD0X01TH06553650000/256TL06553650000256EA1ET01TR01VOIDKEYSCANIFS10DELAY50IFS10IFWEN_SX0WEN_SX/温度上限大于0时，使温度上限减小ELSEWEN_SX50/当减小到零时，为50IFS30DELAY50IFS30IFSHI_SX0SHI_SX/使湿度上限值减小ELSESHI_SX95/减小到零时变为95VOIDKONGZHI/控制报警IFWENDU/10WEN_SX|SHIDU/10SHI_SX/此处设定预设温度BAOJING0/报警，蜂鸣器响LED0/LED灯亮NUMIFNUM20NUM0BAOJINGBAOJING/取反LEDLEDELSEBAOJING1/不报警，灯不亮LED1/中断处理液晶显示函数/VOIDTIMER0INTERRUPT1TH06553650000/256TL06553650000256COUNTIFCOUNT3READVALUE/读温度值KEYSCAN/按键扫描程序BAIWENDU/100/温度，湿度值各位进行分离SHIWENDU100/10GEWENDU10BAI1SHIDU/100SHI1SHIDU100/10GE1SHIDU10SHI2WEN_SX/10GE2WEN_SX10/1SHI3SHI_SX/10GE3SHI_SX10/1WRITECOM16020X80/写指令FORNUM0NUM6NUMWRITEDATA1602TABLENUM/DELAY20/写入温湿度以及温湿度上限值数据/WRITEDATA1602TABLE2BAIWRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHIWRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GEWRITEDATA16020XDFWRITEDATA1602CWRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHI2WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GE2WRITECOM16020X800X40FORNUM10NUM16NUM1WRITEDATA1602TABLE1NUM1WRITEDATA1602TABLE2BAI1WRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHI1WRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GE1WRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHI3WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GE3COUNT0VOIDMAINWR0INTERRUPT_INITLCD_INTDELAY200WHILE1KONGZHI/判断处理是否报警您好，为你提供优秀的毕业论文参考资料，请您删除以下内容，O_O谢谢ALARGEGROUPOFTEAMERCHANTSONCAMELSANDHORSESFROMNORTHWESTCHINASSHAANXIPROVINCEPASSTHROUGHASTOPONTHEANCIENTSILKROAD,GANSUSZHANGYECITYDURINGTHEIRJOURNEYTOKAZAKHSTAN,MAY5,2015THECARAVAN,CONSISTINGOFMORETHAN100CAMELS,THREEHORSEDRAWNCARRIAGESANDFOURSUPPORTVEHICLES,STARTEDTHETRIPFROMJINGYANGCOUNTYINSHAANXIONSEPT19,2014ITWILLPASSTHROUGHGANSUPROVINCEANDXINJIANGUYGURAUTONOMOUSREGION,ANDFINALLYARRIVEINALMATY,FORMERLYKNOWNASALMAATA,THELARGESTCITYINKAZAKHSTAN,ANDDUNGANINZHAMBYLPROVINCETHETRIPWILLCOVERABOUT15,000KILOMETERSANDTAKETHECARAVANMORETHANONEYEARTOCOMPLETETHECARAVANISEXPECTEDTORETURNTOJINGYANGINMARCH2016THENTHEYWILLCOMEBACK,CARRYINGSPECIALTYPRODUCTSFROMKAZAKHSTANASMALLARTTROUPEFOUNDEDSIXDECADESAGOHASGROWNINTOAHOUSEHOLDNAMEINTHEINNERMONGOLIAAUTONOMOUSREGIONINTHE1950S,ULANMUQIRARTTROUPEWASCREATEDBYNINEYOUNGMUSICIANS,WHOTOUREDREMOTEVILLAGESONHORSESANDPERFORMEDTRADITIONALMONGOLIANMUSICANDDANCESFORNOMADICFAMILIESTHE54YEAROLDWASBORNINTONGLIAO,INEASTERNINNERMONGOLIAANDJOINEDTHETROUPEIN1975HESAYSTHEREARE74BRANCHTROUPESACROSSINNERMONGOLIAANDACTORSGIVEAROUND100SHOWSEVERYYEARTOLOCALNOMADICPEOPLE“ICANSTILLRECALLTHEDAYSWHENITOUREDWITHTHETROUPEINTHEEARLY80SWESATONTHEBACKOFPICKUPTRUCKSFORHOURSTHESKYWASBLUE,ANDWECOULDNTHELPBUTSINGTHEFOLKSONGS,“NASUNSAYSTHEVASTNESSOFINNERMONGOLIAANDTHELACKOFENTERTAINMENTOPTIONSFORPEOPLELIVINGTHERE,MADETHEIRLIVESLONELY“THENOMADICPEOPLEWEREVERYEXCITEDABOUTOURVISITS,“NASUNRECALLS“WEDIDNTHAVEAFORMALSTAGETHEAUDIENCEJUSTSATONTHEGRASSUSUALLY,THEPERFORMANCESBECAMEABIGPARTYWITHLOCALPEOPLEJOININGIN“FORHIM,THEREWARDINGPARTABOUTTOURINGISNTJUSTABOUTSHARINGARTWITHNOMADICFAMILIESBUTALSOABOUTGAININGINSPIRATIONFORTHEMUSICANDDANCEULANMUQIRLITERALLYTRANSLATESAS“REDBURGEON“,ANDTODAYSPERFORMERSOFTHETROUPESTILLTOURTHEREGIONSVILLAGESANDENTERTAINNOMADICFAMILIES,BUTTHEIRFAMEHASSPREADAROUNDTHEWORLDONMAY16AND17,NEARLY100SINGERSANDDANCERSFROMTHETROUPEPERFORMEDATBEIJINGSPOLYTHEATERTHEIRSHOW,TITLEDULANMUQIRONTHEGRASSLAND,DEPICTEDTHEHISTORYANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEARTTROUPE“BEINGFROMTHEREGIONALLOWEDMETOEMBRACETHECULTUREOFINNERMONGOLIAANDBEINGAMEMBEROFTHETROUPESHOWEDMEWHEREIBELONGED,“NASUN,THEARTTROUPESPRESIDENT,WHOISALSOARENOWNEDTENOR,TELLSCHINADAILYDURINGATOURIN1985,HEWENTTOAVILLAGEANDMETANELDERLYLOCALMAN,WHOTOLDHIMASTORYABOUTHISFRIENDSHIPWITHASOLIDERFROMSHENYANG,CAPITALOFNORTHEASTCHINASLIAONINGPROVINCE,DECADESAGOTHESOLIDERGAVETHEOLDMANAHANDMADESADDLEWHENTHEYBIDFAREWELLTHESTORYINSPIREDNASUNTOWRITECARVEDSADDLE,ASONGTHATLATERBECAMEONEOFHISMOSTPOPULARNUMBERSNOW,EVERYYEAR,NASUNRECRUITSYOUNGSINGERSANDDANCERSFORTHETROUPETHETROUPEHASALSODESIGNEDANEWREPERTOIRE,WHICHISMOSTLYBASEDONTHEDAILYLIVESOFMONGOLIANPEOPLE,ESPECIALLYTHELIVESOFNOMADICFAMILIES,ANDHASCOMBINEDCONTEMPORARYMUSICALELEMENTSWITHFOLKSONGSOFTHEREGIONHAIMU,A25YEAROLDKHOOMEIALOCALVARIANTOFOVERTONESINGINGSINGER,JOINEDTHETROUPETHREEYEARSAGOALONGWITHASIXMEMBERBAND,HEPERFORMSFASTSONGSANDSOFTONESTHATHEWRITESALLWHILEPLAYINGTHEHORSEHEADFIDDLE“ALTHOUGHILEARNEDTHEPIANOSINCECHILDHOODANDGREWUPLISTENINGTOVARIOUSKINDSOFMUSIC,TOME,THEFOLKMUSICOFINNERMONGOLIAISTHEROOT,“HESAYS“PERFORMINGINREMOTEVILLAGESISPLEASANTIFEELATHOMEONTHEBOUNDLESSGRASSLANDS,ANDTHEWARMPEOPLETHEREMAKEMEFEELFULFILLED“THEFIRSTROUNDOFSPRINGAUCTIONSEASONINBEIJINGENDEDLASTWEEK,BUTITFAILEDTOCREATEMUCHSPRINGINTHEARTMARKETALTHOUGHTWOPIECESOFCHINESEPAINTINGFETCHEDMORETHAN100MILLIONYUAN,THEDECLINEINTRADINGVOLUMEANDSALERATESHOWEDADOWNTURNTHISYEARINTHE“GRANDVIEWCHINESEPAINTINGHIGHLIGHT”SESSIONATCHINAGUARDIAN2015SPRINGAUCTIONS,PANTIANSHOUSREPRESENTATIVEWORKEAGLE,ROCKANDFLORAHITARECORDAUCTIONPRICEOF279MILLIONYUAN,WHILELIKERANSMASTERWORKJINGGANGMOUNTAINFETCHED1265MILLIONYUAN,ANUNEXPECTEDHIGHINRECENTYEARSHOWEVER,THETRADINGVOLUMEFELLSTO187BILLIONYUANFROM222BILLIONYUANINTHESAMEPERIODTHEYEARBEFORETHEHUANGCHEN2015SPRINGAUCTIONS,WHICHRECORDED425MILLIONYUANINTOTALSALES,EXPERIENCEDTHESAMETHESECTIONNUMBERWENTDOWNTO5FROM12COMPAREDTOLASTYEARACCORDINGTOEXPERTSHAOJIANWU,THEARTMARKETDIDNOTATTRACTMUCHEXCITEMENTTHISYEARDUETOTHEBOOMINGSTOCKMARKETANDTHEPERSISTENTPROBLEMSOFFORGERYANDFAKEDEALSTHETWOPIECESOFCHINESEPAINTINGNOTCHEDUPHIGHPRICETHISSPRINGDUETOTHEIROWNVALUENOTDUETOAREVIVALINTHEMAR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