微波真空冷冻干燥的工艺及设备问题（microwave vacuum freeze-drying process and equipment problems）

微波真空冷冻干燥的工艺及设备问题（MICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGPROCESSANDEQUIPMENTPROBLEMS）PDFDOCUMENTSMAYEXPERIENCEPOORBROWSINGONTHEWAPSIDEITISRECOMMENDEDTHATYOUFIRSTSELECTTXT,ORDOWNLOADTHESOURCEFILETOTHELOCALVIEWVIPINFORMATIONHTTP/WWWCQVIPCOMHOE000ONEHEIRGOODSTECHNOLOGYJIMICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGPROCESSANDEQUIPMENTPROBLEMSDONGTIEYOU,LISUYUN,ZHANGJIANLONGZHUWENXUESCHOOLOFFOODANDBIOLOGICALENGINEERING,HENANUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,LUOYANG410,CHINA703ABSTRACTTHEPROBLEMSOFDRYINGUNEVENNESS,DRYINGRATEANDMICROWAVELEAKAGEINMICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGAREMAINLYANALYZED,THEPROBLEMOFINSUFFICIENTCOOLINGCAPACITY,THEVACUUMCAPACITYOFVACUUMSYSTEMANDTHESAFETYOPERATIONOFTHEWHOLESYSTEMAREDISCUSSEDITALSOPUTSFORWARDSOMEBASICTECHNIQUES,METHODSANDMEANSTOSOLVETHEPROBLEMS,SUCHASCORRESPONDINGDESIGN,PROCESS,REASONABLEOPERATIONRULES,ANDSOONMICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGTECHNOLOGYANDEQUIPMENTAREPROVIDEDKEYWORDSMICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGEQUIPMENTCLCNUMBERT257S0DOCUMENTIDENTIFIERCARTICLENUMBER10992000430598410300SOEHIANQUPMETCNCLDEIMETPOLMSANRBEICOVAUMREEDYNYTMNMIRWAEVCUFEZRIGSSEIONGEYU,LISUTIOUYN,ZHANGINLNJAOG,ZHUEUWNXEOLGFFONIEGNEIHEAIESYOCLEOODADBONIERG,NNUNRIENVTFSINEADTCNLYLOAG410CECNEHOO,UYN73G0ABTATSRCSOHORT,TCNCLDEUPNRBEFVCUFEERIGWICOVETGMETEEIEHIACANQIMETPOLMSOAUMRZDYNTMIRWAEHAIEHNSSEECUTRDDRGTERLTEECRNYEYTMNONEEUIHEAERSARHAEAALZDANHYORSLETEEPOLRNDDTEWASTEOVHSRBEMSWEEPTOWARHRFREIFRTNCEAPIDIRVNNPIZNHCOVAUMRZURDTEEOETOMAIANBPLIOIGADOTIGTEMIRWAEVCUFEEFHNOENMPMIDRIGSSEYNYTMKERSYWODMIRWAEVCUFEZRIGEUPETCOV一个动词是一个动词。0前言农产品的附加值等。因而在高档食品、保健功能性食品和农产品加工业中具有广阔的用武之地。但是由于该工艺所需的设备是技术含量很高的高技术产品，所以设备投资较大。另外与微波真空冷冻干燥工艺密切相关的不同的食品物料的理化特性参数和工艺参数还很不齐全，相关的设备和理论研究还不是很成熟，所以限制了该技术在我国食品工业中的应用微波真空冷冻干燥技术将有助于延长食品的保质期、保持食品原有的风味和营养成分以及食品原料的生理活性、增强保健食品的功能性、提高收稿日期204204O3基金项目河南省自然科学研究基金项目（10200600）育；教21部及河南省人事厅留学回国人员资助项目；河南省教育厅创新人才基金项目应用的毫无疑问，这些问题的解决将会有力地推动微波真空冷冻干燥技术在我国的应用和推广。本研究以已有的一台微波真空冷冻干燥实验装置为基础，对微波真空冷冻干燥装置的结构和使用作者简介董铁有（6一，男，副教授，博士，研究方向农10）9产品加工及储藏维普资讯HTTP/WWWCQVIPCOM，二J一爱品技J我RTJ问题以及微波真空冷冻干燥工艺问题进行探讨。1微波真空冷冻干燥的特点在干燥过程中物料吸收微波能的多少主要取决于物料的介质损耗因数。不同物料的介质损耗因数是不同的。水的介质损耗因数比一般的食品物料中的干物质的介质损耗因数大1倍左右021以在干燥初始。所阶段，水分蒸发较快，当干燥快结束时，所吸收的能微波真空冷冻干燥是将高效的微波辐射加热技术和真空冷冻干燥技术相结合的极具有应用价值的一项新技术。微波真空冷冻干燥就是利用微波辐射量也随着下降。且不会集中在已干部分可以避免。已干物质的过热。所以微波加热具有自动平衡能量处于冻结状态的被干燥物料，在高频交变电磁的作用下使物料（是水）子发生振动和相互磨擦从而主要分将电磁能转化为物料中的水分升华所需要的升华潜热。微波真空冷冻干燥除了具有普通的真空冷冻干燥所具有的优点外，还具有其它特殊的优势干燥速度快。1。1微波是指频率在00GZ长在LL），30小时（3波XO3MTM我分配的作用。1微波加热响应快易于控制3。THEHEATOFACONVENTIONALHEATING,SUCHASELECTRICHEATING,STEAM,ORHOTAIRHEATINGGREATERINERTIAASTOCERTAINTEMPERATURETHEREMUSTBEALONGERWARMUPTIMEONTHEOTHERHAND,IFHEATISNOTNEEDEDSTOPADDINGTHERMALTIMEBECAUSEOFTHEHEATCAPACITYOFTHEHEATSOURCEEQUIPMENTITSELFNORISTHEHEATSOURCETEMPERATUREELECTROMAGNETICWAVESINTHERANGETHETRANSMISSIONCHARACTERISTICOFMICROWAVELIESINTHEOBSTACLEREFLECTION,TRANSMISSION,ANDABSORPTIONOFASUBSTANCEIRRADIATEDORHEATEDWILLCOMEDOWNATONCEMICROWAVEHEATINGCANBEACHIEVEDBYOPENINGBOTHHEAT,THATIS,YOUCANSTOPHEATING,CONTROL,REGULATIONISVERYCONVENIENT2PROBLEMSANDCOUNTERMEASURESOFMICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGTECHNOLOGY21THEORETICALQUESTIONSELEPHANTTHESTRENGTHOFTHESEPHENOMENAISRELATEDTOTHENATUREOFTHEMATTERITSELFPOSITIVEIBECAUSEOFTHETRANSMISSIONOFMICROWAVEMICROWAVECANPENETRATEDIRECTLYMATERIALREALIZETHEBALANCEDHEATINGINSIDEANDOUTSIDEUNLIKETRADITIONALVACUUMDRYINGTHESAMPLEPASSESTHEHEATTOTHETRAYTHROUGHTHEHEATINGELEMENTANDPASSESTOTHETRAYHEATEDMATERIALMICROWAVEHEATINGCANGREATLYSHORTENHEATINGTIMEMICROWAVEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGISASETOFMICROWAVETECHNOLOGY,VACUUMTECHNOLOGY,CRYOGENICTECHNOLOGY,MICROBIOLOGY,FLUIDMECHANICS,HEATANDMASSTRANSFERANDAUTOMATICCONTROLTECHNOLOGYTOHIGHTECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENTITISAPRODUCTOFINTERDISCIPLINARYDEVELOPMENT,FIITISINTHEDRYINGPROCESSOFMATERIALPHYSICALCHANGE,HEATANDMASSANEWTECHNOLOGYANDPROCESSDEVELOPEDONTHEBASISOFTHOROUGHRESEARCHONTHEPROCESSOFWATERTRANSFERUNDEREXCHANGEANDVACUUMCONDITIONSINRECENTYEARS,INMICROWAVETHEDRYINGRATEANDTHERMALEFFICIENCYARE42TIMESTHATOFTHECONVENTIONALHEATINGMETHOD0THEPENETRATINGPOWEROFMICROWAVECANBEEXPRESSEDBYPENETRATIONDEPTHHSOCALLEDPENETRATIONDEPTHREFERSTOTHEATTENUATIONOFTHEINCIDENTENERGYTO1ITSVALUECANBECALCULATEDBYPRESSINGTYPE/ETTYPEWAVELENGTHMTHETHEORYOFENERGYDISTRIBUTIONINDRYINGANDDRYINGROOMS,VACUUMANDLOWPRESSURECONDITIONSINTHEMICROWAVEFIELD,THEPROBLEMOFCORONAARCDISCHARGE,THEHEATINGTEMPERATUREDIFFERENCEBETWEENTHELAYERS,THENONCONTACTTEMPERATUREMEASUREMENTINTHEMICROWAVEFIELDANDTHEFREEZEDRYINGINTHEVACUUMAREDISCUSSEDSRELATIVEDIELECTRICCONSTANTTADIELECTRICLOSSANGLEFACTORTHEANALYSISOFHEATANDMASSTRANSFERANDTHEESTABLISHMENTOFMATHEMATICALMODELINDRYINGPROCESSTHERESEARCHHASMADEGRATIFYINGACHIEVEMENTSBUTTHEMATHEMATICALMODELISREALLYCOMPLETEITISDIFFICULTTODESCRIBETHEVACUUMFREEZEDRYINGPROCESSTHISMAJORTHUSITCANBESEEN。THEPENETRATIONDEPTHISDIRECTLYPROPORTIONALTOTHEWAVELENGTHTHATIS,INVERSELYPROPORTIONALTOTHEFREQUENCYINVERSELYPROPORTIONALTOTHESQUAREROOTOFTHERELATIVEDIELECTRICCONSTANTANDTHEDIELECTRICDISSIPATIONFACTORFOREXAMPLE,WATERAT9DEGCISIRRADIATEDATMICROWAVEFREQUENCIES95HZ51M,THEPENETRATIONDEPTHWAS2M,WHEREASUNDERMICROWAVEIRRADIATIONOF25MHONLY9C540ZHAS48MTCIITCANBESE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