高中英语 Unit5《The Power of nature》学案4 新人教版选修6

1、高中英语 unit5the power of nature学案4 新人教版选修6 unit 5 the power of nature ing 形式作状语 一、ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。 用法 时间 原因 例句 crossing the road, he was ran over by a car. having done their homework, the students played football. not knowing english, he couldnt understand the film. having lived

2、 in shanghai, he knows the place very well. working hard, you will do well in the exam. turning to the left, you will see the post office. working or reading, she always did her best. not being a rich man himself, he helped the poor generously. the children went into the classroom, talking and laugh

3、ing. she sat there, staring at the ceiling. his parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan. the child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 条件 让步 伴随 结果 二、 ing形式的完成式 句型 主动 having +p.p. , 主语+谓语 被动 (having been) +p.p, 主语+谓语 用法 -ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用被动语态-ing

4、完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用 having answered the letter, she went on to read an english novel. having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. 例句 三、学习-ing形式作状语的用法时,需要注意以下四点: 一、与过去分词作状语的区别。 一般来说,-ing形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较: the enemy fled in a panic, leaving behind a lot of dead

5、bodies and weapons. defeated and frightened, the enemy fled in a panic. 用心 爱心 专心 1 分析:前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语,它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为主动关系;后一句中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因,它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为被动关系。 二、分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 1. comparing all the great people with each

6、other, youll find that they have much in common. 2. finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help. 3. the train having gone, we had to wait another day. 分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的逻辑主语是 the train。 三、 -ing形式的否定式。其基本结构是:not + -ing形式,无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于-ing形式之前。如: not ha

7、ving finished his homework, the boy was still doing it in the classroom. 四、 -ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。 根据这个性质,我们在使用-ing形式作状语时,切记不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如: walking on the fallen leaves in autumn, so youll feel very comfortable.() 分析:如前所述,-ing形式短语相当于一个状语从句,所以后半句中的连词so的使用是错误的,应该去掉。原句应改为: walking on the fallen

8、 leaves in autumn, youll feel very comfortable. exercises 1 the great hall was crowded with many people, _ many children _on th eir parents laps. a. including; seated b. including; seating c. included; sat d. included; sitting 2. _ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking wa

9、ter. a. being no rain b. there was no rain c. to be no rain d. there being no rain 3 his letter, _ to the wrong number, reached me late. a. having been addressed b. to have addressed c. to have been addressed d. being addressed 4全国卷3) a. run b. running c. to run d. ran 5more and more people are sign

10、ing up for yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the healthy and relaxation benefits. (nmetxxxx年。 （4）作结果状语： 【高考链接】more and more people are signing up for yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the healthy and relaxation benefits. (nmet2005上海卷) a. taking b. taken c. having taken d. having been taken 解

11、析：该题考察非谓语动词的用法。四个选项均为take的不同形式，由句中的逗号及空白前后的逻辑关系考虑，此空应填现在分词表结果，答案为a。 考点2、对v-ing形式作宾语的考查 学习点拨：高考对v-ing形式作宾语的考查可分为两类：在risk, admit , avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy, escape, face, fell, like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, cant help, cant stand,

12、 look forward to, insist on 等某些动词或词组之后只能用v-ing形式，不能用不定式做宾语；在forget, go on, like, mean, regret, remember, stop, try等某些动词之后可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。 【高考链接】if you think that treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again.（nmet2006湖南卷） a. gets b. got c. to get d. getting 解析：答案为d

13、。本题考查了非谓语动词之一-动名词做宾语的用法。英语中有许多动词之后只能接动名词做宾语，常见的这样的动词及词组有admit, avoid ,appreciate, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, fancy, feel like, give up, cannot help, mind ,mean(意味着)miss, postpone, pratice, put off 等。 考点3、对v-ing形式作宾补的考查 学习点拨：v-ing形式作宾补时通常在see, watch, observe, look at, hear

14、, listen to, notice, leave, get, have等动词之后，表示该动作正在发生。 【高考链接】he looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. (nmet2004北京春季) 用心 爱心 专心 4 a. put b. to be putting c. to put d. putting 解析：答案为d。现在分词putting作宾语补足语，表示主动。catch sb. doing表示当场抓住（撞见）某人在做某事。考点4、对v-ing形式作定语的考查 学习点拨：v-ing

15、形式作前置定语，表示用途，即用来做 ；v-ing形式作后置定语，往往表示正在发生或与谓语动词同时发生的动作，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 【高考链接】the wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _ the desert.(nmet2006湖南卷) a. covering b. covered c. cover d. to cover 解析：答案为a。本题主要考查非谓语动词之一-现在分词做定语的用法。a soft orange blanket 与 cover 存在主谓关系，相当于which/that covered 而不定式做定语一般表示将

16、要发生的动作，答案d误选率较高。 考点5、对v-ing形式作主语的考查 学习点拨：此时v-ing形式多表示一般或抽象的多次性行为。 【高考链接】its necessary to be prepared for a job interview . _ the answer ready will be of great help. ( meet 2005北京卷) a. to have had b. having had c. have d. having 解析：动名词短语having the answer ready 把答案准备好，作主语，故答案为c。 考点6、对v-ing形式作表语的考查 学习点拨：可分为两种情况：第一种表示使人感到的一种性质或特征。第二种表示抽象概括的动作，这种动作未必在进行。 【高考