医学英语 suffix 第3章.ppt

1、Suffix,后缀,简单后缀 复合后缀,简单后缀: -ia -病，-症,复合后缀：-penia, -uria, -plegia, -odynia, -malacia, -ectasia, -(o)rrhagia, -algia, -emia,-penia,leucopenia ,lju:kpi:ni Leuco lju:ku 白 白细胞减少,不足，缺少,减少,Erythropenia i,rirpi:ni erythro iriro 红 红细胞减少,lymphopenia ,limfupi:ni lympho limfu 淋巴 淋巴细胞减少,thrombopenia ,rmbupi:ni th

2、rombo rmbu 血小板 血小板减少,-uria,Hematuria,hi:mtjuri Hemat 血 血尿,尿（症）,-plegia /pli:di/ 中风，麻痹,thermoplegia 热射病，中暑 Sunstroke/ heatstroke,-odynia udini 痛,cardiodynia 心痛 ,ka:diudini,-malacia mlei软化,osteomalacia (oste/o/ malacia) 骨软化 ,stiumlei(i),-ectasia ekteizi or ectasisektsis 扩张，膨胀,nephrectasia (nephr/ ecta

3、sia) 肾扩张,-ectasis扩张,angiectasis 血管扩张 bronchiectasis (细)支气管扩张 ,brkiektsis,-algia ldi 痛,arthralgia (arthr/ algia) a:rldi 关节痛 neuralgia 神经痛 njurldi,-emia /i:mi/血病 ,血症,leukemia(leuk/emia) /lju:ki:mi/ 白血病 bacteremia /,bktri:mi/ 菌血症 Septicemia /,septisimi/ 败血症hypercholesterolemia /,haipk,lestruli:mj/高胆固醇血

4、症,-orrhagia出血,gastrorrhagia /,gstrreidi/ (gastr/o/rrhagia) 胃出血,简单后缀-y : condition, act, process-术，-法，-症,复合后缀 -scopy, -ostomy, -orrhaphy, -metry, -otomy, -ectomy, -graphy, -iatry, -ology, -pexy, -plasty, -megaly,-scopy (3)镜检查,laryngoscopy /,lrigskpi/ 喉镜检查 bronchoscopy /brkskpi / 支气管镜检查gastroscopy /gs

5、trskpi/ 胃镜检查 colonoscopy /,kulnskpi/ 结肠镜检查cystoscopy /sistskpi/ 膀胱镜检查,-ostomy 造口(术)或吻合(术),anastomosis /nstmusis/ 吻合术 colostomy /klstmi/ 结肠造口术 gastrostomy (gastr/ o/ stomy) /gstrstmi/ 胃造口术,-orrhaphy 缝合术colporrhaphy /klp:rfi/ 阴道缝合术herniorrhaphy /hni:rfi/ 疝缝合术,arthroplasty a:r,plsti 关节成形术 urethroplasty

6、 juri:r,plsti尿道成形术 osteoplasty sti,plsti 骨成形术,-plasty(4) 成形术,-pexy /peksi/固定术,hepatopexy(hepat/o/pexy) /hept,peksi/ 肝固定手术 gastropexy 胃固定手术,-ology (3) 学,pharmacology /,famkldi/ pharmac/ o/ logy 药理学,-logist (3) 学家,urologist (ur/ o/ logist) /,jurldist/ 泌尿学家,-iatry or iatrics 愈合,医.之术,podiatry 医足术 /pudai

7、tri/,-ectomy 切除(术),laryngectomy ,lrindektmi 喉切除术 thyroidectomy ,airidektmi 甲状腺切除术 mastectomy mstektmi 乳房切除术 cholecystectomy ,klisistektmi 胆囊切除术 appendectomy ,pndektmi 阑尾切除术,-otomy切开(术),laparotomy lprtmi 剖腹术 tracheotomy trkitmi 气管切开术 craniotomy ,kreinitmi 颅骨切开术,-metry 测量,测定(术）,dynamometry dainmmitri

8、肌力测量法 pelvimetry pelvimitri 骨盆测量法,-megaly 大,atriomegaly 心房肥大 ventriculomegaly 心室扩大 Splenomegaly /,spli:nmegli/ 脾大 typhlomegaly 盲肠巨大 /i/,-e 器械 或名词后缀,复合后缀： -scope, -tome , -cele, -cyte,-tome 刀,arthrotome (arthr/ o/ tome) 关节刀,-cyte 细胞,leukocyte (leuk/ o/ cyte) 白细胞,-cele /si:l/ 突出，疝，肿,thyrocele (thyr/ o

9、/ cele) 甲状腺肿 /airsi:l/,-scope 镜,laryngoscope /,lrigskup/ 喉镜 bronchoscope /brkskup/ 支气管镜 laparoscope /lpruskup/ 腹腔镜 Ophthalmoscope /flmskup/ 检眼镜,-itis (2) 炎症 hepatitis (hepat/it is) 肝炎,-ist 专家，学者,dermatologist (dermat/o/log/ist) /d:mtldist/ 皮肤病专家,-or(er) 工作者(人或工具),incisor (in/ cis/ or) 切牙 /insaiz/,sc

10、lerosis (scler/osis) 硬化症/sklirusis/,-osis (2) 异常或病理情况,-oma (2) 肿胀，肿瘤,sarcoma (sarc/oma) 肉瘤 /sa:kum/,-ism 情况，前一情况的结果,embolism (em/bol/ism) 栓塞 /emblizm/,-(i)um (2) 部分与整体关系，与有关,pericardium (peri/ cardi/um) 心包 /,perika:djm/epigastrium (epi/gastr/ium) 上腹部 /,epigstrim/,-ac 的,cardiac (cardi/ ac) 心脏的 /ka:di

11、k/,-al 的,bronchial (bronch/ i/ al) 支气管的 /brkil/,-ar 的,tonsillar (tonsill/ ar) 扁桃体的 /tnsil/,-ic (2) 的,hepatic (hepat/ic) 肝的 /hi:ptik/,-eal 的,esophageal (esophag/ eal) 食道 /i,sfdil/,-ary 的,ciliary (cili/ary) 睫状的 /siliri/,-ous 的含的分泌的,mucous (muc/ ous) /mju:ks/ 粘液的fibrous (fibr/ ous) /faibrs/ 纤维性的sebaceo

12、us (seb/ace/ ous) /sibeis/ 皮脂的,-oid (3) 类似，象,cystoid (cyst/ oid) 囊样的 /sistid/,-meter instrument for measuring测量用器具,thermometer (therm/ o/ meter) 温度计,-meter (3) 计、表,spirometer /spairmit/ 呼吸量计,肺量计 ophthalmometer 检眼计 /,flmmit/,-rrhea /ri:/ 流出，分泌,diarrhea (dia/ rrhea) 腹泻/,dairi/,-lysis 溶解 decomposition解

13、体,hemolysis (hem/ o/ lysis) 溶血 /hi:mlsis/,-pathy /pi/ 病，病理情况,ophthalmopathy (ophthalm/ o/ pathy) 眼病,-blast 原始细胞,hemocytoblast (hem/o/cyt/o/blast) /,hi:msaitblst/ 成血细胞、原血细胞,-centesis /senti:sis/穿刺术,thoraco/centesis /:rku/ 胸腔穿刺术 amniocentesis /,mniusenti:sis/ 羊膜穿刺术 abdominocentesis /b,d minsenti:sis 腹

14、腔穿刺术,-clysis /klaisis/ 灌洗,输注,coloclysis /klklisis/ (colo/clysis) 结肠灌洗 phleboclysis /flbklisis/ （phlebo/clysis) 静脉输注,-ptosis 落下,下垂,nephroptosis (nephr/ o/ ptosis) /,nefrptusis/ 肾下垂,-ptysis咳、咯,hemoptysis /himptisis/ 咯血 pyoptysis /paiptisis/ 咯脓,-rrhexis /reksis/ 破裂,hepatorrhexis(hepat/ o/ rrhexis) /,he

15、ptureksis/ 肝破裂,-sclerosis /sklirusis/ 硬化,arteriosclerosis /a:,tiriu,sklirusis/ 动脉硬化,-stasis /steisis/ 停止，制止,bacteriostasis /,bktiristeisis/ (bacteri/ o/ stasis) 制菌作用,-stenosis /stinusis/ 变狭，狭窄,arteriostenosis(arteri/ o/ stenosis) 动脉狭窄,-gram图像,electrocardiogram 心电图 electroencephalogram 脑电图 /ilektruen

16、seflugrm/,-graph 描记器,pneumograph 呼吸描记器,-emesis /emsis/呕吐,emetic /imetik/ 催吐的 antiemetic 止吐的,-mania /meinj/狂、癖,dipsomania /,dipsumeini/ 酒狂 kleptomania /,kleptumeini/ 盗窃狂,-phobia /fubj/恐怖,phobia 恐怖症 agoraphobia /grfubj/ 场所恐怖症 acrophobia /,krufubj/ 恐高症 social phobia 社交恐怖症,-emphraxis /emfrksis/梗阻,urethr

17、ophraxis /emfrksis/ 尿道梗阻 laryngemphraxis /lrindemfrksis/ 喉梗阻,50个常用词根,aden angi arteri arthr blephar bronch cardi celi cephal cerebr,gland, 腺 Vessel，血管 artery, 动脉 joint，关节 eyelid 眼皮 Bronchus 支气管 Heart 心脏 Abdomen 腹 Head 头 Cerebrum 大脑,50个常用词根,cheil cholangio dermat encephal enter erythr esophag gastr h

18、epat hypn,Lip 嘴唇 Bile tube 胆道 Skin 皮肤 Brain 脑 Intestines 肠 Red 红的 Esophagus 食道 Stomach 胃 Liver 肝脏 Sleep 睡眠,50个常用词根,hyster lapar laryng mamm mening my myel myelon nephr neur,Uterus 子宫 Abdomen 腹 Larynx 喉 Breast 乳房 Meninges 脑膜 Muscle 肌 bone marrow; spinal cord 骨髓，脊髓 bone marrow 骨髓 Kidney 肾 Nerve 神经,50个

19、常用词根,psych rachi rhin splen stomat thorac trache urethr uter vesic,Mind 精神 vertebra; spinal or vertebral column 椎骨 Nose 鼻 Spleen 脾 Mouth 口 thorax (chest) 胸 Trachea 气管 Urethra 尿道 Uterus 子宫 bladder; sac 膀胱，囊,50个常用词根,ophthalm orchid oste ot pancreat pharyng phren pleur pneumon proct,Eye 眼 testis; testicle 睾丸 Bone 骨 Ear 耳 Pancreas 胰腺 Pharynx 咽 Mind 精神 Pleura 胸膜 lung; air 肺 Rectum 直肠,如何巩固课堂所学词根,认真完成作业 买一本适合自己水平的字典: 将词根整理成适