基于PLC的多层停车场的研究与设计-中英文翻译资料

1、PLC-based control of multi-storey parking study and design1、Overview of parkingThe application of parking facilities for over 30 years history of the older, better Japan, South Korea, Taiwan. Germany, is well known. Chinas economy has experieneed 30 years of rapid growth, the quality of public life

2、in creas ing dema nds, Commu nity Map in the li ne to a new level. Subseque nt tran sport situati on is ten se, Japa n and Can ada, which in cludes both dyn amic and static. As the city high-rise buildings built by the level of housing reform, like parking shift from three-dimensional surface parkin

3、g, parking in a static traffic in the already occupied an in creas in gly importa nt positi on. Un dergro und park ing garage, compared with the traditi on al, in many ways is the first sect ion shows the superiority of the adva ntages of the past, un dergr ound garage vehicular access due Leave gen

4、 erous, the average car would occupy 40 square meters of area, If using double-park ing garage, the ground can in crease the utilizati on rate of 80% -90%, if the use of multi-floor (21 floor) Three-dime nsi onal garage, the n the land area of 50 square meters will be placed on the 40 vehicles that

5、can to save land resources and reduce the cost of civil engineering development. For example, the Indonesian Embassy in Beijing did not build multi-storey parking before the plane can only put five cars are now built three-dimensional lifting and after class garage can park 13 cars, the basic requir

6、ements to meet the Embassy . It is gen erally con sidered good prospects for park ing equipme nt in dustry and has bee n hailed as the 21st cen tury, one of the most popular in dustry.2、Lifting and transferring the concept garageParking equipment has provided a total of 9 categories: lifting and cla

7、ss (PSH), simple lifting class (PJS), vertical lifti ng type (PCS), the vertical circulation category (PCX), flat mobile class (PPY), tunnel reactor stack class (PXD), multi-cycle class (PDX), the level of circulating type (PSX), vehicle lift (PQS), there are doze ns of specificati ons, can be appli

8、ed to a differe nt space, site conditions, is a high security , high reliability, high efficiency of automation equipment. Especially in these types of lift ing and 9 classes (PSH) park ing most widely used. Used to set the rising and falling or sliding vehicle access to vehicles, parking garage equ

9、ipment category called lift ing and garage. Lift ing and tran sferri ng garage modular desig n, each un it can be desig ned as two, three, four, five, half- un dergro und, and other means, the nu mber of park ing spaces fromafew to hundreds. As the lifting and transferring the pattern classes more p

10、arking, vary in size, stro ng adaptability to the site, therefore, use of such equipme nt is com mon park ing garage. Its work ing prin ciple is: Each car park ing spaces are prese nted board, set the required access to the vehicle by vehicle plate upward and dow nward, slidi ng moveme nt to reach t

11、he ground floor, the driver entered the garage, access to vehicles, complete the access process. The upper or lower park ing spaces n eed to traverse the space through the middle layer, will contain the vehicle plate up or down to ground level, the pilot before entering the garage or out a car into

12、the garage. Figure 1 is lift ing and park ing equipme nt, engin eeri ng example class diagram.Figure 1 PSH-based three-tier parking equipment lifting and transferring class diagram3、three lifting and transferring parking systemLifting and transferring parking garage is a typical cross-disciplinary i

13、ntegration of mechanical and electrical products, mecha nical assembly, electr on ics, in formati on tech no logy in one. Lifti ng and tran sferri ng park ing mainly by the steel parts, car pan els containing part, the tran smissi on system, con trol system, security system, five comp onen ts, show

14、n in Figure 2. Three mecha nical park ing equipme nt is lift ing and mach inery of a type of park ing equipme nt, this type of garage equipme nt in the middle of each layer, the ground floor are to rema in free park ing, ground floor only do slidi ng moveme nt on the ground while doing Travers ing t

15、he sec ond floor don e-a nd-dow n movement, the ground layer only do Movement. Run-time, ground floor direct access to cars; on the floor the sec ond floor access vehicles, n eed to corresp ond through the gro und floor containing the car sliding to the space station, the lift reached the ground flo

16、or to achieve; the ground three car access is required the second floor by floor, the ground floor of loading corresponding to the space station after traversing the same time, lift reaches the ground layer. The movement of general principles: down reset, translation is not reset. Parking parking re

17、quired by the user specification and design, automatic and manual operation mode of two points, can be switched on and off during normal operation in the garage to use automated means, in equipment maintenance and debugg ing can be used man ually. Both automatic and manu ally con trolled by PLC prog

18、rammable con troller, so devices can guara ntee the safe operati on of any manner. Equipme nt There are several safety devices to en sure safety of people and vehicles, such as an ti-fall safety devices, limit and prevent excessive volume device, Automatic power-off braking device, the wrong break p

19、hase protecti on.3.1 The mai n frame partActual projects: Beijing Indon esia Embassy lifting and tran sferri ng class park ing, equipme nt overall structure simple, generous, give people lightweight sprightly feeling. Main steel structure uses H steel, cha nnel steel, plate weldi ng moldi ng, use bo

20、lt conn ected framework struture stren gth and stiffness. Order steel part appearance beautiful and anti corrosion, antirust ability, steel some painting before adopted mechanical derusting processing so parking equipment overall surface protective level reached higher grade. In additi on, the sec o

21、nd set of equipme nt can be assembled and comb in ed, can be in stalled to en sure reliable quality, favorable tran sport and reduci ng on-site installation time.3.2 Car plates containingSet car plates are used to carry inventory of vehicles. Set car plates from the S 2.3mmof galvanized sheet bendin

22、g forming, around edge girder S 4.5mmof galvanized sheet bending forming. Edge beam and set vehicles with no plate bolt connection, set car plates to en sure rigidity and stre ngth. Resista nce of load ing plate with vehicle and stopper.3.3 Drive SystemParking equipment drive system uses chain or ro

23、pe traction drive transmission. The car parking facilities containing the upper plate by the lift motor gear driven by a chain-driven roller, then roll through the rope-driven movements of loading plate. Two-story frame structure with sliding, respectively, each sliding frame with lifting and slidin

24、g the two motors, both frame by sliding the track traverse motor can also be set through the lifting motor vehicles to reach the rising and falling ground level, achieving access to cars. The transmission mode compared with other methods, has run a smooth, safe and reliable maintenance and convenien

25、t, while its environmental performance is also superior to the other drive. The lower plate by a motor vehicle containing reducer to walk through the cha in drive wheel drive along the traverse track moveme nt. Drive motor assembly gear reducer, motor and brake as a whole, small size, light weight,

26、low noise, using Iong-term grease, stable and reliable performance, long life, Iong-term maintenance-free, quality superior.Figure 2 PSH-based three-tier parking equipment lifting and transferring the major part of class3.4 Con trol SystemControl, the main control object is sliding down a small moto

27、r and large motor vehicles to make them accord ing to the requireme nts of access to use butt on operati on, to achieve power by changing the phase sequenee of loading platform to achieve the right and left or up and down. Second, to con trol various auxiliary devices with in the garage, such as: li

28、ght and its various security facilities. To ensure the board can traverse and set cars up or down to the specified location, using a limit switch positioning. To determine whether the board of loading vehicles, using optical switches. Gen eral small garage can use butt on operati ons can also use to

29、uch scree n operati on. All in put and output switch ing capacity of lifting and tran sferri ng garage circuit is simple, less demanding on the environment, with its anti-interference ability of PLC and isolation tran sformers can meet the requireme nts, it may no Ion ger have an additi onal an ti-i

30、 nterfere nce measures in other so that the exact garage system can orderly work.Core part of the con trol system PLC con trol (PLC), has strong an ti-i nterfere nce, strong stability, system reliability, modularity and other structural features. The control system is the set of mecha nical park ing

31、 con trol system applicable in the area. The con trol system detects a device with high sensitivity and accuracy and reliability of work and feedback in a timely manner.Con tactor output un it is sen sitive, reliable, adva need tech no logy, easy maintenance, overload and short circuit protecti on c

32、omplete lin ks.The control system of the host PLC, contactors, circuit breakers, trip switches, buttons, photoelectric switches and other key components, using the Japanese Fuji, Mitsubishi, LG and other imported electr onic comp onen ts.3.5 Operati ng systemOperat ing manual for the butt on box, or

33、 touch scree n operati on. Usually mecha nical park ing spaces on both fixed number, the depositTake vehicles, a layer of vehicle operation without the need for control box, drivers can be entered directly into the vehicle or out of load ing platform, to access the vehicles purpose; three-i n access

34、 to vehicles, first of all, the operator select the number of parking spaces, After confirmation, press the corresp onding butt ons, start the corresp onding tran smissi on, PLC program can automatically make the selected audience of loading the corresponding three-layer, layer (ground floor and out

35、 of cars), and first to the left or to the the right move to stay out of space, and then three-set car plate fell to the ground through the tran smissi on layer, so as to achieve the purpose of access to vehicles. Similarly, the second floor in the access to vehicles, first select the same number of

36、 parking spaces, confirmation, and then press the appropriate buttons to start the corresponding transmission, PLC program can automatically select the second floor of the car plate containing a layer under the corresponding (ground floor and out of cars), first to the left or right to stay out of s

37、pace, and then the second floor of loading plate through the transmission fell to the ground floor, so as to achieve the purpose of access to vehicles. Deposit car or pick up the car after press ing the con firm butt on, car automatic reset, wait for the n ext operati on comma nd. Need manual operat

38、io n, can be comb ined into a manual butt on to move the operati on, that is, hold dow n the butt on and equipme nt operati on, release the butt on device to stop, step by step operati on is complete access to vehicles. In terface show n in Figure 3.Figure 3 user in terface3.6 Safety SystemWith powe

39、r, phase, phase and phase sequence protection; time delay; anti-people, foreign body mistakenly entered the infrared detection devices; vehicle location; prevent the fall of loading plate device; emerge ncy stop devices.4、Con clusi on and OutlookA programmable controller as lifting and transferring

40、control of the garage the core unit, which is taken into account a variety of objective factors of the case put forward. Programmable con troller with its good con trol performa nee, small size, powerful, short developme nt cycle and the characteristics of strong an ti-i nterfere nee, is widely used

41、 in the garage of the con trol system. Cen tralized park ing many adva need moder n tech no logy, high-tech garage, which lifti ng and transferring convenient parking garage, access speed, garage flexible structure, low cost, has become in the future parking the main form of development. If the PC-P

42、C as the control system, through flexible, frien dly in terface to Internet as an in formatio n cha nnel can be realized on the park ing garage remote n etwork con trol and man ageme nt.基于PLC的多层停车场的研究与设计1、立体停车库发展概况立体停车库设备的应用已有30多年的历史了发展较早、较好的有日本、韩国、 台湾省、德国等众所周知，我国经济在经历了近30年的高速增长之后，大众对生活质量的要求日益提高，“衣食

43、住行”中的“行”提高到一个新的高度。随之 而来的交通方面的情况也日加紧张， 而这包含了动态与静态两个方面。如同城市 中由平房改建成高楼大厦一样，停车也从平面转向立体化停放，立体停车在静态 交通中已经占有越来越重要的地位。 立体停车库与传统的地下车库相比， 在许多 方面都显示出优越性首先是节地优势，以往的地下车库由于要留出足够的行车通 道，平均一辆车就要占据40平方米的面积，而如果采用双层立体停车库，可使 地面的使用率提高80% 90%,如果采用地上多层（21层）立体式车库的话， 50平方米的土地面积上便可存放 40辆车，可以节省土地资源和减少土建开发成 本。例如北京印度尼西亚驻华大使馆未建多层

44、立体停车库前平面只能放五辆车， 现建成三层立体升降横移类停车库后，能停放 13辆车，基本能满足驻华大使馆 要求。人们普遍认为停车设备行业发展前景良好，并已被誉为21世纪最热门的行业之一。2、升降横移式立体停车库概念立体停车设备目前已提供的共有 9大类：升降横移类（PSH）、简易升降类（PJS）、垂直升降类（PCS）、垂直循环类（PCX）、平面移动类（PPY）、巷道堆 垛类（PXD ）、多层循环类（PDX）、水平循环类（PSX）、汽车升降机（PQS）， 又有几十种规格，可以适用于不同的空间、场地条件，是一种具有高安全性，高 可靠性、高效率的自动化成套设备。在以上 9种类型尤以升降横移类（PSH）

45、立 体停车库应用最为广泛。采用以载车板升降或横移存取车辆的立体停车设备的停 车库叫做升降横移类停车库。升降横移式立体停车库采用模块化设计，每单元可 设计成两层、三层、四层、五层、半地下等多种形式，车位数从几个到上百个。 由于升降横移类立体停车库的型式比较多， 规模可大可小，对场地的适应性较强， 因此，采用这类设备的停车库十分普遍。其工作原理为：每个车位均有载车板， 所需存取车辆的载车板通过升、降、横移运动到达地面层，驾驶员进入车库，存 取车辆，完成存取过程。上层车位或下层车位需通过中间层横移出空位，将载车板升或降到地面层，驾驶员才可进入车库内将汽车开进或开出车库。图1是升降横移类停车设备的工程

46、实例示意图。图1 PSH型三层升降横移类停车设备示意图3、三层升降横移式立体停车库系统设计升降横移式立体停车库是一种比较典型的跨学科机电一体化产品，集机械、电子、信息技术于一体。升降横移式立体停车库主要由钢结构部分、 载车板部分、 传动系统、控制系统、安全防护系统5部分组成，如图2所示。三层机械停车设 备是升降横移类机械式停车设备的一个类型， 此类型车库每组设备的中间层、地 面层都留有空车位，地面层只做横移运动，地上二层既做横移运动又做升降运动， 地上三层只做升降运动。运行时，地面层可直接存取车；地上二层存取车，需通 过地面层相对应的载车台横移让出空位后，升降到达地面层实现；地上三层存取 车时

47、，需通过地上二层、地面层相对应的载车台同时横移让出空位后， 升降到达 地面层实现。其运动的总原则是：升降复位 ，平移不复位。立体停车库按用户所 要求的停车规格设计，运行方式分自动和手动两种，可通过开关切换，在车库正 常运行时使用自动方式，在设备维修和调试时可使用手动方式。自动方式和手动 方式均采用PLC可编程控制器控制，因此可保证设备在任何方式下的安全运行。 设备有多种安全装置可确保人车安全， 如安全防坠装置，限位及防过卷装置，断 电自动刹车制动装置，错断相保护等。3.1主框架部分实际工程项目：北京印度尼西亚驻华大使馆升降横移类立体停车库，设备整 体结构简洁、大方，给人以轻巧、明快的感觉。主体

48、钢架结构采用H型钢、槽钢、钢板焊接成型，用高强度螺栓连接成框架结构，具有较好的强度和刚度。为 了使钢架部分的外观美观以及具有抗腐蚀、防锈能力，对钢结构部分喷漆之前采 用了机械除锈处理，使停车设备整体表面防护水平达到了较高的档次。另外，整套设备可进行二次拼装和组合，能可靠保证安装质量，有利于运输和缩短现场安 装时间。3.2载车板载车板是用来承载库存车辆的。载车板由 S 2.3mm的镀锌板压弯成型，左右 边梁采用S 4.5mm的镀锌板折弯成型。边梁用高强度螺栓和载车不板联接，以保 证载车板的刚度和强度。载车板设有阻车与限位装置。3.3驱动系统停车设备的驱动系统采用链条传动或钢丝绳曳引传动。该停车设

49、备上层载车 板由升降电机减速机通过链条驱动带动卷筒， 再由卷筒通过钢丝绳驱动载车板升 降。二层采用横移框架结构，每个横移框架分别装有升降和横移两个电机，既框架结构通过横移电机可在轨道上横移，同时也可通过升降电机驱动载车板升降到 达地面层，实现存取车。上述传动方式与其它方式比较，具有运行平稳，安全可 靠，养护方便等特点，另外，它的环保性能也优于其它传动方式。下层载车板由 电机减速机通过链传动驱动行走轮沿横移轨道运动。驱动系统电机减速机集减速机、电动机和制动器为一体，体积小、重量轻、噪音低，采用长效润滑脂，性能 稳定可靠，使用寿命长，长期免维护，质量优势明显。图2 PSH型三层升降横移类停车设备主要组成部分3.4控制系统控制系统的主要控制对象是横移小电机和升降大电机，使它们根据存取车的 要求利用按钮操作，以达到通过改变