时间状语从句

1、Adverbial Clauses,状语从句,1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句,Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses,2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句,3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句,4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句,5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句,6.Adverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句,7.Adverbial C

2、lauses of Comparison（比较,8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步,9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句,I. 时间状语从句: when, while, as, after, before, since, until/till, as soon as, hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second, by the time , immediately,一、 when/wh

3、ile/as,When + (1)延续性动词 e.g. When I was young, I liked dancing. (2)瞬间性动词(不能用 while） e.g. It was snowing when we got to the airport (3)表示“这时” “正在这时候” e.g. I was walking on the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder. (4) 主从句动作先后发生(不能用 while） e.g. When I got to the cinema, the film had a

4、lready begun,While + (1) 延续性动词 e.g. While I slept, a thief broke in. (2) 表示两种情况对比，“然而” “而” e.g. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldnt. (3) 表示“趁着时候”(强调主从句动作同时发生). e.g. Strike while the iron is hot,As 侧重主从句动作同时发生，常译为 “一边一边.” e.g.The students took no

5、tes as they listened. ) “随着” e.g.As time goes by, we have gained more and more knowledge. 注意 若主句谓语是短暂性动作，从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者可以互换！ When/While/As we were having an English class, a stranger broke in,Practice,_l was walking down the street，I saw some policemen _they heard the news，they wer

6、e surprised They shouted slogans _they passed the square,When/While/As,When,as,二、 before,常见句型: It will be + 一段时间 + before. It was + 一段时间 + before. It wont be long before It wasnt long before 肯定句意为 “多长时间后才” 否定句意为“用不了多长时间就” It will be a long time before we finish this dictionary. 我们需要很长的时间才把这部词典编译完。 I

7、t was not long before the thief was caught. 小偷不久就被抓住了,before It will be half a year before I come back. It wont be half a year before we meet again. We sailed four days and nights before we saw the land. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired,肯定句 “ 才” 否定句 “就,it will be +一段时间 before.多久之后才,it wont b

8、e +一段时间 before.不久就,1. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. 2. He was told that it would be at least three months _ he could recover and return to work. 3.Someone called me in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer th

9、e phone,before,before,before,三、after,例： 1、He came to see me after I arrived. 2、Immediately after he was hurt, he was taken to the hospital,注：before和after引导的状语从句，主从句发生的动作先后顺序很明确，因此after从句中的谓语动词常常使用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。 After he (had) finished his homework, Tom began to play computer games,三 Since,注意 since 引

10、导的时间状语从句，主句常用完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 He has written to me frequently since he was ill. 句型 It is /has been + 一段时间+ since ，如果从句是延续性动词，,用一般过去时和现在完成时不同。 It is/has been two years since he was in the army. 他离开军队两年了。 It is/has been two years since he has been in the army. 他当兵两年了,1.-How long _ the shop_ open? -Since

11、 1992. (=Since 15 years ago) 2.-Since when _the country _ open to international trade? -1978, I suppose. 3._ 5 years _ he graduated from college. _ 2 years _ he smoked,has,been,has,been,It is,since,It is,since,Practice it is + 时间+ since before when that It is five years _he finished his research. It

12、 was five years _he finished his research. It was five years later _he finished his research. It was 5 oclock _ he got home. It was at 5 oclock _ he got home,when,that,since,before,that,四、名词词组引导的状语从句一些表示时间的名词词组, 如：the moment, each time, every time, the first time, the year等,也用于引导时间状语从句，这时它们担当着连接词的功能

13、,_he went to Shanghai, he paid a visit to his former teacher A. For the first time B. The first time _l saw him, I thought of his father A. The moment B. At the moment,The first time,The moment,Each time he came, he would bring us a lot of flowers,Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her

14、? -Yes. I gave it to her _ _ _ I saw her,the moment,the minute,the instant,Practice 1.When every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me. 2. At next time you come, do remember bring your son here. 3.For the first time I met the girl, I felt in love with her. 4.You are welcome to come back at

15、 any time you want to. 5.At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 语法规则,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词,关连词组 hardly/scarcelywhen no soonerthan as soon as 三种句子结构表示“一就”。 注意： 时态 as soon as 以一般时态代替将来时态 no sooner, hardly, scarcely后的句子用过去完成时，than/when 后的句子

16、用一般过去时。 倒装 当hardly或no sooner位于句首时，要倒装,五、一就,我一到达上海就给你打电话。 时态要求： 改错: I hardly got home when it began to rain 时态要求,I will call you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai,had,以一般现在时代替将来时,主句用had done, 从句用did,no sooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when,He had hardly arrived when it began to snow Hardly _when it beg

17、an to snow We had hardly walked into the hall when the lecture started Hardly _ walked into the hall when the lecture started _she gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more _the boy reached the door than he came back,had he arrived,had we,No sooner had,No sooner had,倒装,六、until/till,until / til

18、l “直到止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词); I ll waite until/till the concert is over (till不能放在句首，但是until了的位置不受限制) notuntil “直到才” he didnt leave the office until he finished the task. 注意：倒装句、强调句，及位于句首时，只能用until。 Not until I returned did she finish her homework. It was not until I returned home that she finished her home

19、work,1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there A. becauseB. until C. why D. if 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until,Practice 1.Mother waited for Tom till/ until far into the night. ( 持续性动词) 2.Tom didnt get back till / until

20、 everything was all right.(短暂性动词) =_ everything was all right _. = _ everything was all right _ Tom got back,Not until,did Tom get back,It was not until,that,六、by the time 引导的从句,By the time we got to the station, the bus _ left. By the time you receive this letter, I _left this city for my hometown,had,will have,小结练习 1.They walked out of the room _the meeting was