被动语态总结

1、2强调动作的承受者。例如：A. 熟记结构被动语态的结构为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词（p p）”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为：一般现在时： amis are p p一般过去时： waswerepp一般将来时： shall will bepp现在完成时： have has been p p现在进行时： amis are being p p过去将来时： should would be pp含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be+ p. p.例如： Chinese by the largest number of people A

2、 speak B is speaking C speaks D is spoken The boy to get supper ready after schoolA were toldB is telling C was told D tells A lot of new roads _ built in the west of ChinaA mustB must beC has D haveB. 明确用法被动语态常用于以下两种情况：1不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。The tree by that boy C. 熟练转换1将主动语态变被动语

3、态的基本方法为： 将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语； 谓语动词变为“ be+及物动词的过去分词”，并通过 be的变化来表达出不同的时态；by 短语可以省略）。特殊疑问句的语序为： 主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时2. 被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是在第一个助动词后加not ；疑问词一般疑问句。例如： You must throw the broken pottery away at once.The broken pottery at once.（同义句） Where did they grow vegetables

4、 ? （改为被动语态）Where vegetables ?D. 注意特例将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：1. 含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法： 将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变； 将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如： He told us a story .（变被动语态）1）含义不同：被动语态强调动作，重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成；而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景，叙述人 Her mother gave her a new pen （变被动语态）A new pen her by her mother.2. 短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，

5、要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如： This dictionary mustnt from the library.A. take away B . taken away C . are taken away D . be taken away She will take good care of the children.（变被动语态）The children will （ by her ）.3. 含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意： 省略 to 的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号 to 必须补上。例如：Som

6、eone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday.（变被动）He swim in Qianling Lake yesterday.4. 不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“to be 过去分词”。例如：The radio says a wild animal zoo is to in our city.A. be building B . build C . be built D . built5. 以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by 的宾语，但仍然放在 句子开头。例如：Who has broken

7、the cup ？（改为被动语态）tBy whom has the cup been broken ？E. 注意区别被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别：或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较：The window is broken 窗子破了。（系表结构）The window is broken by him窗子被他打破了。（被动语态）2）用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被so ， very ，too 等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very ，too 修饰，而需用 much， very much ， so much ，too much 修饰。试比较：He was very interested

8、in science他对科学有极大兴趣。（系表结构）I was so much surprised at the scene that I didnt know what to do我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。（被动语态）F. 牢记（相关）句型初中 教材中与被动语态相关的句型有：1. be covered with 被覆盖2. be made of由 制作（发生物理变化）be made from由 制作（发生化学变化）be made in 由（某地）制造 be made by 被（某人）制造3. be used for 被用来be used as被当作（作为）来使用be used to

9、 do sth.被用来做某事4. It is said that.据说It is hoped that.希望It is well known that.众所周知例如： Your coat looks nice. Is it cotton?Yes. Its _Shanghai .A. made of ； made byB . made of ； made in C. made for ； made byD. made for ；made in This machine is used the room wet.A. for keeping B . as keeping C. keep D. to

10、 keeping 据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。 that is being over the Changjiang River in Nanjing那个孩子肯定会因为那件事受罚的。几种特殊的被动语态1. 带不定式的被动语态。 The child is sure to be punished for that.2. 带介词的动词短语的被动语态。Such a thing has never been heard of.这件事前所未闻。收音机刚刚被关上。4. 当 sell, wash, clean, run, ride, wear, write3. 带副词的动词短语的被动语态。 The radio

11、 has just been turned off.等动词若有状语 well, easily, badly 来修饰时，用主动形式表达被动意义。The pen writes well. 这枝钢笔写字流畅。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。被动语态专项练习一、选择题() a new library in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build()2. An accident on this road last week.A. has been happened

12、B. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened( ) (棉花) in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow( )4. So far, the moon by man already.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visitedD. was visited()5. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week.A. is givenB. has been

13、 givenC. will be givenD. gives)6. How many treesA. are planted) lot of thingsA. are doingthis year?B. will plantC. have been plantedD. plantedby people to save the little girl now.) _ this kind of computersA. did; use) Great WallA. knowsthis bookA. did; written) storyA. was told usB. are being doneC

14、. has been doneD. will be done? -Last year.all over the world.B. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; usedB. knewC. is knownD. was knownB. was; written byby Granny yesterday.) monkey was seenA. jumpB. was told to usoff the tree.B. jumpsC. did; writtenD. was; writtenC. is told usC. jumpedD. told usD. to jump)

15、 school bag _ behind the chair.A. puts) peoplewell.A. looks after) teachercarefully.B. can be putC. can be puttedD. can putB. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked afterA. should be listened to B. should be listenC. be listenedD. is listened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。s said( 据说 ) that the long br

16、idge ( build ) in two months to have the meeting (discuss ) nowlanguage the most widely ( speak ) in the world ？lost boy ( not find ) so far year a large number of trees (cut ) down6. The students often (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He (must send) to the hospit

17、al.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits (sell) in this shop.9. What knives (make) of ? They(make) of metal( 金属 ) and wood.10. Can the magazine (take) out of the library?11. The room (clean) by me every day.12. The stars can t (see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers (water) by Li Ming already.14. This kind o

18、f shoes (sell) well.三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。tea grown in South China？(改为主动语态)同义句转换） people tea in South China ？am given a birthday present by my parents every yearA birthday prese nt by my pare nts every year3. The work is going to be finished in two days.（对戈U线提问 ）How the work going to be finished4. The ch

19、ildren will sing an English song.（改为被动语态）An En glish song by the childre n.5. You need nt do it now.（改为被动语态）It by you now.6. People use metal for making machines.（改为被动语态 ）Metal maki ng machi nes.7. He made me do that for him.（改为被动语态）I that for him.8. They are watch ing the football match.The footbal

20、l match by them.9. Did they build a bridge here a year ago?（改为被动语态）a bridgehere by them a year ago?10. They have sold out the light green dresses.（改为被动语态）The light gree n dresses out.11. We call the ga me Lianliankan ” .（改为被动语态）The game Lianliankan ” by us.四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。（1 x 10=10 分） The new bik

21、e买给我） by my parents as a present last week your mobile phone （是国产的吗）？ The whole mountain is （ 覆盖 ） the snow.1. If city noises from increasing强化训练， people shout to be heard even at dinnerA. are not kept； will have toB. are not kept ； have C. do not keep；will have toD. do notkeep ；have to2. The fifth

22、generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are and perfected now.A. developedB. have developed C. are being developedD. will have been developed3. - the sports meet might be put off.A. Ive been told B. Ive told-Yes, it all depends on the weather.C. Im told told4. I need one more stamp befor

23、e my collection .A. has completed B. completesC. has been completed D. is completed5. Rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth inthe near future.A. cut B. are cutC. are being cut D. had been cut6. The new suspension bridge by the end of last month.A. has been de

24、signedB. had been designed C. was designedD. would be designed7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A. breaks B. has brokenC. was broken D. had been broken8. Great changes in the city, and a lot of factoriesA. have been taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; h

25、ave set up9. That suit over 60 dollars.A. had costed B. costed C. is costed10. -Look! Everything here is under construction.A. is being built B. has been built you like the material? -Yes, it _ very soft.B. have taken place; have been set upD. were taken place; were set upD. costA. is feelingB. felt

26、C. feels12. It is difficult for a foreigner _Chinese.A. writeB. to writeC. to be written13. I have no more letters _, thank you.A. to typeB. typingC. to be typed14. Take care! Don t drop the ink on your shirt, for it _A. won t wash outB. won t be washed outWhats the pretty small house that _ for?C.

27、is built D. is buildingD. is feltD. writtenD. typedeasily.C. isn t washed outD. isn t washingout15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to C. being caught D. to catchC. to checkD. to be checked t know how to do the exercisesC. taught D. TeachingA. designedB. has

28、been designed C. will be designedD. will have been designedA. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out16. The computers on the table Professor Smith.A. belongs B. are belonged toC. belongs to D. belong to17. -What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. It s worth _ a second time.A. to readB

29、. to be readC. reading D. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed .A. catching B. to be caught19. This page needed again.A. being checked B. checked20. _many times, the boy still didnA. Having taught B. Having been taught21. It is said that a new robot by him in a few days.22. We are late. I expect the film by the time we get to the cinema.A. will already have startedB. would already have startedC. shall have already startedD. has already been started23. She will stop showi