固体物理公式汇集(最新整理)

1、公 式 汇 集w2 =b (m + m) m 2 + m 2 +12mm cos(qa) 2 mm 1） 晶格平移矢量rl = l1 a1 + l2 a2 + l3 a3 。16）简谐振子的本征能量 e= n + 1 hw2） 原胞体积w = a1 (a2 a3 )n qq2q3） 倒格子基矢-117）声子数nq =2p(a2 a3 )2p(a3 a1 )2p(a1 a2 )exp(hwq / kbt ) - 1b1 = b2 = b3 = a1 (a2 a3 )a1 (a2 a3 )a1 (a2 a3 )vds4） 倒格子基矢和正格子基矢的关系18） 声子态密度g(w) = (2p)3 gr

2、adwl2pi = j19） 德拜假设下的频谱密度ai b j = 2pdij = 0i ji,j= 1,2, 3w2 3v( )9n2swdg(w) =， g w =w ，w w2p2c 33d5）倒格子矢量kh = h1 b1 + h2 b2 + h3 b320）自由电子的本征波函数和本征能量6） 倒格矢和正格矢的关系 kh rl= 2pny = 1 = h 2 k 27） 晶面间距公式dh1h2h3 2p=| kh |( r )ei k r ， e(k )v2m21）电子的能态密度（三维）38） 布拉格反射公式( )1 2m 2122dhsinq= ml,m为整数g e =2p2 h e

3、1(23)= p22）费米波矢 k3n9） 劳厄方程 rl (s - s0) = ml,m为整数f 10） 几何结构因子23）布洛赫函数 y ( r ) = ei k r u ( r )kk2pni (hu +kv +lw ) f (k) = f ejjj或y ( r + rl ) = ei k rly ( r )hkljjkk11）衍射强度24）近自由电子近似下禁带宽度de(k ) 2vni hkl f j jcos 2pn(hu j+ kv j+ lwj)2 +25） 紧束缚近似下的能带关系 f jsin 2pn(hu j+ kv j+ lwj)2 2 2 2 xj e(k ) e(k )

4、 e(k ) abk 2kxkykz kx 12） 晶体的内能u (r) = -+r mr n11 2e(k )=*2 2e(k )22e(k ) mh kxkykykykz 612 2 2 2 ss e(k ) e(k ) e(k ) 13） lennard-jones 势u = 4e- + k kk kk 2 r r z xy zz 14） 一维单原子链格波的色散关系e(k ) = e s + c - j ei k rlw2 = 4b2 qa rlsin 2m26）有效质量张量15） 一维双原子链格波的色散关系 27） 布洛赫电子的速度 v (k ) =1k e(k )h28） 空位与填隙

5、原子的浓度n = ne-uv / kbt ，n = n e-ui / kbt“”“”at the end, xiao bian gives you a passage. minand once said, people who learn to learn are very happy people. in every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. as a professional clerical and teaching position, i understand the importance of continuous l

6、earning, life is diligent, nothing can be gained, only continuous learning can achieve better self. only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. this document is also edited by my studio pr