精品】情态动词总结以及易错点

1、【精品】情态动词总结以及易错点一、单项选择情态动词1. Wetake clea n drinking water for gran ted. One day we may run out of it.B. cantD. should ntA. needntC. wont【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。should nt不应该”符合句意。need nt不必；cant不可能；wont将不。 故选D。2. P aul did a great job in the sp eech con test. He _many

2、 times last week.A. need have practisedB.might p ractiseC. must have practised【答案】CD.could p ractise【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。musthave done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是一定”故C选项正确。3. He is a bad-tempered fellow, but heA. shallbe quite charm ing whe n he wishes.B. shouldC. can【答案】C【解析】D. must

3、【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可 以变得相当可爱。此处表示能、可以”故C项正确。4. The room is so clean. Hehave clea ned it yesterday eve ning.A. willB. needC. can【答案】DD. must【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是一定（做过）”故D项正确。must have done5 - Turn off the TV, Jack.your homework now?- Mum,

4、 just ten more minutes, please. A Will you be doingC Shouldnt you be doing 【答案】 C【解析】B Should you be doingDCouldn t you be doing【详解】 考查含情态动词的进行时态。句意：把电视关掉，杰克。你现在不应该做作业吗 妈妈，请再给我十分钟。此处表示目前应该在做某事， 的进行时态，故选 C。should “应该 ”，这里用含情态动词6 I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma that, dear ”.comfort me

5、, sayingLife is likeA would 【答案】 AB mightCshouldD must解析】详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感到烦恼，我的奶奶会安慰我说， 就是这样，亲爱的 ”。此处是 would+ 动词原形，表示 “过去总是做某事 ”。故选 A。生活the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window. A Wou

6、ld7BShallC Must 【答案】 ADMay解析】详解】考查情态动词。句意： 那位抱小孩的女士， 实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。 见， Shall 提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说 许。故选 A。【点睛】要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。 谢谢，would 表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意Shall I或者Shall we; may表示请求对方允would 的用法1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来将要 ”做什么，比如： He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对

7、于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如： She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她 当时想，她得找个人帮忙。B shouldn tsay where he was.C wouldn tD mightn t8Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but A mustn t【答案】 C解析】数天后，我弟弟打电话说他很好，但不肯告诉我他在哪考查情态动词。句意：里。” mustn禁止”；shouldn 不应该”；wouldn t不情愿”；mightn 不可能”

8、。so much ice cream just now.Bmustn t eat9 What s wrong with you? Oh, I am sick. I _ Ashouldn t eatC couldn t have eatenDshouldn t have eaten答案】 D解析】详解】D。考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意： 你怎么了？ 我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多 冰激凌。A. shouldn t e不应该吃；B. mustn t ea禁止吃；C. couldn t have eate不可能 吃；D. shouldn t have eate本来不应该吃。根据 just now可知

9、，是发生在过去，故选10ItAmay 【答案】 Chave been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. CmustBcanDshould解析】详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。 A. may 可能； B. can 可能； C. must 一定； D. should 应该。由 as he is the only one with acar可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。11It has been announced that

10、all the studentsput on masks before going to schoolin case they are infected with SARS virus. A shallBwillCneedDmay答案】 A解析】详解】详解】考查情态动词。句意：所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒，这已经被宣布。 shall 用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选项。12 Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket?OK,

11、 It s two blocks straight ahead. YouA. can tB. mustn tmiss it.C. needn t【答案】AD. wouldn t【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意： 劳驾，你能告诉我最近的 Wenfeng Supermarket怎么走吗？一- 好的，一直往前走两个街区就到了。你不会错过的。A. can 不可能；B. mustn 禁止，不允许；C. needn 不必；D. wouldn 不会。故选 A。13. My sister met him in the street yesterday after noon, so heyour lectur

12、e.A. shouldnt have attendedB. couldn t haattendedC. mustn t have attended【答案】BD. needn t have attended【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldn t have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldn t have don不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；needn t have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他， 所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。考点：考查情态动词用法点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢

13、记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。can t have done去不可能做了某事；shouldn t have don本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事；needn thave done本没有必要做某事；注意没有 mustn t have don的形式。14. They were abroad duri ng the mon ths whe n we were carry ing out the in vestigati on, or they to our help.B could co

14、meA would have comeD. had comeC. have come【答案】A【解析】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or 相当于 if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使A正确。用的是 情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在 国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故15. You rang me up at about 10:00 last ni ght, did nt you?No, I did nt phone you.

15、It _ome one else.A. must have been B. could be【答案】AC. must beD. could have been【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意： 昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？ ”不，我没给你 打电话。一定是别人干的。” mushave done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是一定”结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 项。故选A16. Did you atte nd the meeti ng for the exp erime nt p roject yesterday? t thi

16、nk IYes, but I donA. need to haveB. need tobecause my director was there.C. needed toD. need have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】是的，但我想 我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词 not前移，即 否定前移”所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have考查情态动词+have done。句意:你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗“needn t have do指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据“because my directordo

17、ne”意为本来有必要做而未做”；上一句时间状语“ yesterday可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句was there（我的主管）在可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选Do17. - -Mary knows the city quite well.-Shewell have bee n there before.A. need【答案】DB. couldC. shouldD. may【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。need have done本需要做某事may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。却没做；cou

18、ld have done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选Do18. Iuse a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.B. must ntA. could nt【答案】 D【解析】 试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故A不可能；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句 因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句考点：考查情态动词词义辨析19 The doorA shou

19、ldnopen, no matter how hard she pushed.Bcouldn C wouldnD mightn 答案】 C解析】详解】考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开。不能够；C. wouldn 不愿意；D. mightn 可能不。will及其过去式 would均可表示一种倾向 性、习惯。故选 C。A. shouldn 不应该；B. couldn t20 While it wasn t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones thatto me during the regu

20、lar course of business.Amight never happenBC should not happen 【答案】 B【解析】Dcould never have happened needn t have happenedD 正确。但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领我得到新的领悟 ”发生在过 ，“本不可【详解】 考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的， 悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气， 去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用 could/might/would/need/should+have done 能发生 ”是 could never have h

21、appened ，故选 B 项。【点睛】本题考查 情态动词+have done的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：could have done本能做某事而未做couldn t have don不可能做了某事should have done 本应该做某事而未做shouldn t have doi本不应该做某事而做了would have done 本会某事而未做wouldn t have don本不会做某事而做了need have done本需要做某事而未做needn t have don本不必要做某事而做了21The principal in our school has recently passed

22、 a rule that students uniforms in our campus.A mayBshould【答案】 Dwear schoolCwillDshall解析】详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们学校的校长最近通过了一项规定，要求学生在校园里穿校服。分析句子可知， “that students wear school uniforms in our campus. 是同位语”从句对名词“rule内容解释说明。当表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为必须，应该”等时句子用情态动词 shall。故选Do点睛】情态动词 shall 的用法：1、在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见：要

23、不要? 好吗？如：Shall wego? 该走了吧 ?2、用于二、三人称，在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。如：You shall borrow the book 。你可以借这本书。3、表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该 ”。例如本小题，分析句子可知， “ that stude ntswear school uni forms in our campus. 是同位语从句对名词“rule 内容解释说明。当表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该 ”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选Do22 My computer A wouldn t_ start

24、this morning. There must have been something wrong with it. B shouldn tC couldn tD mustn t答案】 A解析】详解】考查情态动词。 A. wouldn 不会；B. shouldn 不应该；C. couldn 不能；D. mustn 禁止，不允许。句意：我的电脑今早启动不了。一定是出了什么问题。此处 的习惯或反复性的动作。故选would 表示过去A。23 Isn t that Ann s husband over there? No, itA must not 【答案】 Bbe him I m sure he

25、doesn t wear glasses.C wontD may notBcan t解析】详解】考查情态动词：句意：那不是安的丈夫吗？-不，肯定不是他，我确定他不戴眼镜。A.must not禁止；B. can不能;C. won不会;D. may not可能不。表示否定的推测，不可能，用 can 。t故选B项。24WeAcan thave watered these flowers yesterday. Today B shouldn ts rain will be too much for them.C may notD mustn t答案】 B【解析】A.【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们昨天

26、不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。can 不可能；B. shouldn 不应该；C. may not或许不会；D. mustn 禁止，不允许。情态动 词的完成时 should t have done本不应该做而做了 ” 根据 Today s rain will be too much forB。them. 可知，此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选 【点睛】 情态动词 + have done 结构：1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只 用于肯定句。如： It must have rained last night, for

27、the ground is wet.2. “ can / could + have过去分词表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could 一般用于否定句和疑问句，could 的语气较 can 弱。如：He cant have finished the work so soon.can 或3. “may / might + have 过+ 去分词 ”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推 测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用could，如： They may not have known it beforeha nd.4. “ need +

28、have过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多 余，如： I neednt have bought so much wine only five people came.5. “should / ought to + have +过去分词 ”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该 做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意， ought to 的语气比 should 强一些。如： You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）He oughtnt to / shouldnt have don

29、e that. 他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）6. would + have过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原 因未做成 ,通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意。如： I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.B must have waited for25May you live longer, grandpa! T

30、hank you! Its the favorite wish I _ A should have waited forC may have waited for【答案】 DD could have waited forA. should leaveB. must have left解析】 【详解】考查情态动词+ have don形式。句意：一爷爷祝您长寿！一谢谢，这是我能够等待到的最 喜欢的愿望。 A. should have waited for 本应该等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；C. may have waited for 可能已经等待； D. c

31、ould have waited for 可以已经等待的。 表示可以等到的愿望用 could have waited for 。故选 D。have【点睛】 情态动词 have done 不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是高考的重点。情态动词done 有两大功能：一是表示推测；二是表示虚拟。must have done 过去一定做了某事，根据 must 的本意即可推敲出意思，比较好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了，他们应该睡觉了。should have done 本该做某事却没做， should 是应该，重点记忆最后

32、的结果是没做某事。You should have told her that you loved her. 你本应该告诉她你爱她。could have done 字面意思是可能已经做了某事，也可用作本能做却没做某事，重点记忆最 后的结果是没做。You could have reviewed, but you played games all night. 你本可以复习的，但你一晚上都在玩 游戏。may have done 也许已经做了某事。26If you wish, youA. would 【答案】 D【解析】B shouldcome in and have a cup of tea wit

33、h us any time.C. mustDmayA.详解】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你愿意，你可以任何时候过来和我们一起喝杯茶。would会，过去常常；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. may可以，可能。结合句意可知,27 Jim此处用 可以”符合语境，故选 D项。t say anything.what I said annoying though he didn So you mean you will have to apologize to him?A. must findB. might findC. should have found D. must have found【答案】 D【解析】【详解】 考查 must have done 结构。句意： 吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦，尽管他什么也没说。所以你是说你得向他道歉？根据 “though he didn t say