高考英语常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列(九)VIP

1、2012 届高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列（九）重点 解1 benefit n利益；好 vi . 益vt . 有益；使受益benefit from / by从之中受益；得益于to ones benefit to ones advantage 某人有利for the benefit of sb for sbs benefit 了某人的利益beneficial adj.有益的；受益的be beneficial to sb / sth 某人 / 某事有益be of (great) benefit to sb / sth 某人 / 某事 ( 大 ) 有益 1)the plants _ _ the rai

2、n. 植物得益于 雨。2)she took exercise every morning _ _ _ of her health.她 了健康每天参加 。3)the book is _ _ _ to me so i have decided to buy one. 本 我有很大益 ，所以我已决定 一本。4)new regulations will greatly _ the poor in this area.新 定将使本地区 人受益 多。【答案】 1)benefited from / by2)for the benefit 3)of great benefit4)benefit(1) 用 be

3、nefit 的适当形式填空1)the invention of the telephone brought many _ to man.2)she drinks a lot lesson, to the _ of her health as a whole.3)_ from the new law, the public can enjoy safer goods.【答案】1)benefits2)benefit3)benefiting(2) 名校押 it is saidthatbad habits as well as dirtysurroundings,stuffyrooms andsome

4、 otherfactors _the wide spread of hin1.a result fromb benefit fromc devote todcontribute to【答案与解析】d 意：不良的生活 ，不 生的 境，以及其他的因素助推了hin1的 广 泛 传 播 。 resultfrom “ 由 造 成 ” ； benefitfrom “ 从 之 中 受 益 ” ；devote.to“奉献于”； contribute to“促 ；有助于”。2 likelyadj .有可能的(1) 搭配it is likely that.很可能think / feel / find / cons

5、ider it likely that. 有可能be likely to do sth可能会做某事注： it is likely for sb to do sth和 think it likely for sb to do sth均是 搭配。(2)possible, probable, likely, capable和 able 的区 able “有能力做”；capable “能 任的；有才能的” ( 有褒 两种含 ); possible 客 可能性。possible, likely, probable三个 “可能性”程度逐 提高。五个 的 搭配：be able to do sthbe cap

6、able ofit is possible / probable (for sb) to do sth用心爱心专心- 1 -think it possible / probable (for sb) to do sthit is possible / probable that从句(3)possibility / probability / chance的区 三个 均表示可能性；既可作可数名 ，亦可作不可数名 ； 搭配：there is much chance / a (good) chance that从句there is (a) possibility / (a) probability

7、that从句(4)possibly / probably / likely/perhaps / maybe的异同 四个 都有“可能”“或 ”之意，probably可能性 半。perhaps / maybe可能性大致一半； possible“也 ”，可能性低于一半。maybe 和 possibly可用于礼貌的建 或 求。1)rain is _ but not _ before evening.傍晚前 雨是有可能的，但不一定会下。2)the boy is _ _ drop out of school. 男孩可能 学。3)i was positive that i had seen her befo

8、re, i couldnt _ make a mistake onthat point.我确信之前 她， 个我不会弄 。4)_ you could move the chair.也 你可能挪 那把椅子。5)could you _ lend me some money?你能借我点 ？【答案】1)possible; probable2)likely to3)possibly4)maybe 5)possibly(1) 用表示“可能”的 填空1)there is a _that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2)rain is _.3)it is _

9、that hell succeed.4)you should use your brain, and shouldnt regard what is _ as _.【答案】1)chance / possibility / probability2)likely / possible / probable3)likely / possible / probable4)possible; impossible(2) 名校押 the microphone enabled them to keep in touch; in other words, it made it _for them to co

10、ntact each other.a likelyb capable c possibled probable【答案与解析】c be capable一般接 of n. / doing; likely 上不 搭配；possible 客 可能性； probable 很可能要 生某事。3 consequence n. 后果； 果u重要as a consequence /in consequence /as a result因此； 果as a consequence of / in consequence of / as a result of由于；因 的 故be of (no) consequenc

11、e (不 ) 重要的take / accept / bear / suffer the consequence of an action承担某一行 的后果consequently; as a result; therefore所以；因此1)he broke the law and he has to take the _ of his action.他 去 反了法律所以必 承担后果。2)the news is of no _to me. 消息 我来 无关 要。3)_ _ _ of you bad work, youll have to be fired.由于你工作不好，人家要解雇你。【答案】1

12、)consequence2)consequence3)as a consequence(1) 用 consequence 的相关用法填空用心爱心专心- 2 -1)no one can tell what the _ may be.2)she was absent from the meeting _ illness.3)he was always making mistakes and _ lost his place.4)his success was _on his hard work.【答案】1)consequences 2)inconsequence of / as a consequ

13、ence of3)in consequence/ as a consequence / consequently4)consequent(2) 名校押 the rain was heavy and _the land was flooded.a consequentlyb constantlyccontinuouslyd consistently【答案与解析】a 意： 雨很大， 果地被淹了。constantly“不断地”；continuously“持 地”； consistently“ 地；始 如一”。4 occupy vt . 占 ；占据 ( 、空 等 )occupation n. ；占 o

14、ccupy oneself with sth / in doing sth从事于 / 忙于 / 心于某事 / 做某事be occupied with sth / in doing sth忙于做某事be busy with sth / be busy (in) doing sth忙于某事 / 做某事be engaged in doing sth忙于做某事1)the park _ _ _ a third of the city. 公园占 座城市三分之一。2)the boy _ _ himself in solving the problem recently. 男孩最近一直在忙于解决 个 。3)w

15、riting _ _ _most of my free time.写作占去了我大部分的 暇 光。【答案】 1)occupies / takes up2)is occupying3)occupies / takes up(1) 用 occupy 的适当形式填空1)mr john _ an important position in the company.2)enemy troops _ the country in three days.3)dont keep the boy _ in doing homework all day.【答案】1)occupies2)occupied3)occup

16、ied(2) 名校押 when i visited her yesterday, she was _ writing a lecture speech on h1n1 fluprevention.a occupied inb occupying with c taken up in d absorbing in【答案与解析】a 意：昨天她在忙于写一篇关于甲流的演 。be occupied in / with是 搭配。 be absorbed in“聚精会神做”； be taken up with.“忙于做某事”。5 appreciate vt . 欣 ； ；感激appreciate ones

17、doing sth感 某人做某事appreciate sb 某人； 价某人appreciate sth欣 某物；感激某事i would appreciate it if.如果我将不 感激appreciation n. 价； 力appreciative adj.表示感 的；有 能力的express / show ones appreciation for sth 某事表示感 1)i greatly appreciate_ from you again.再次受到你的来信，我非常感激。用心爱心专心- 3 -2)he_ me for the present.他感谢我送了他礼物。3)i really a

18、ppreciate _ when you offered to help.你主动来帮忙真的非常感谢你。4)his talents are not fully _ in that company.他的才干在那家公司未得到充分赏识。5)the foreigner _ beijing opera very much，although he does not _ it.这个老外很爱听京剧，虽然他听不出个子丑寅卯来。【答案】1)hearing2)thanked3)it4)appreciated5)enjoys; appreciate(1) 完成句子1)i _( 感谢 ) that you have co

19、me so early.2)this discovery is highly_ (评价 ) in the country.3)i would_ ( 不胜感激 ) it if you could pay in cash.【答案】1)appreciate2)appreciated3)appreciate(2) 名校押题i would appreciate_ if you wouldtake care ofmy pet dog while iam on vacationin san ya, hainan.a youb thisc itd that【答案与解析】c 考查 appreciate的用法。这

20、里 it充当形式宾语， if引导的从句充当真正的宾语。6 figure n.外形；图形；人物；数字；肖像vt. 认为；判断in round figures以整数计算a woman with a fine figure身材好的女人geometricalfigures几何图形a well known figure in politics政坛名人figure out work out弄明白；计算出1)these _ are not consistentwiththe resultsobtained in previous experiment.这些数字与以前实验中的结果不一致。2)his incom

21、e is in five _.他的收入是五位数。3)we bought the house at a high _.我们以很高的价格买下这房子。4)i saw a _ approaching in the dark.在黑暗中我看见了一个人影正走过来。5)thats a hard problem, i cant _ it _.那是一道难题，我计算不出来。【答案】1)figures2)figures3)figure4)figure 5)figure; out(1) 完成句子1)the old lady was puzzled when she saw so many _ (人影 ) appeari

22、ng in fronther.2)lets go and _ _ (计算出 ) how much we have to pay for the project.3)have you _ _ ( 弄清楚 ) whats the matter with your car?4)it is difficult to _ _ (理解 ) why he did it.5)that is how i _ (认为 ) it.【答案】1)figures2)figure out3)figured out4)figure out5)figured(2) 名校押题withoutmy glasses,i couldnt

23、_whetherthatfigure on the blackboard was a threeor an eight.a make out b make upc make for d make off用心爱心专心- 4 -【答案与解析】 a 意：没戴眼 ，我分不清楚黑板上数字是“ 3” 是“ 8”。make out “弄明白；搞清楚”； make up“ 造”； make for “前往；有利于”； make off “逃走；花掉”。7 admit v承 ；准 入；允 admission n. 入 可；入 券；承 admit sth承 某事admit sb / sth to be.承 某人

24、/ 某物是be admitted as作 被接受be admitted to / into. 准做某事； 准 入admit doing sth承 做了某事1)this ticket _ two persons. 些票可以 两个人 。2)the new hall can _ 10,000 people.新大 可容 一万人。3)i _my mistake.我承 我的 。4)many universities will _ only those who do well in the college entranceexamination. 多大学只招收那些入学考 分数高的学生。5)the boy _

25、to me that he had broken the glass. 男孩向我承 他打破了杯子。【答案】1)admits2)admit 3)admit4)admit5)admittedadmit 和 acknowledgeacknowledge “公开承 ”， 去 或否定 的事。admit由于外界 力，有不情愿的意味。(1) 用 admit 的适当形式填空1)they have _ me into their club.2)she made an _ that she was a thief.3)on / by her own _， she was responsible for the a

26、ccident.4)she got an _to the lectures.【答案】1)admitted2)admission3)admission4)admission(2) 名校押 her parents put a lot of effort into getting her _ to a key school.a acceptedb receivedc admitted d announced【答案与解析】c 意：她父母 了不少 她上了一所重点中学。be admittedto. “ 准 入”，其他几个 没有 种搭配。8 contentn.内容adj . 足的vt . 使 足conten

27、t vbe content with. 足be content to do sth 足于做某事；甘心做某事content oneself with.以使某人自己 足1)i shall _ myself with mentioning two points only.我 只提两点。2)im perfectly _ with my present salary.我 目前的工 十分 意。3)she has a _ look.她 上有一种感到 足的表情。4)sing to your hearts _！ 你尽情地唱吧！5)a bag with its precious _ was missing.一个装

28、存有 重物品的包不 了。6)the _of the tank of the car in 20 gallons. 油箱容量 20 加 。【答案】1)content2)content3)contented / satisfied 4)contently5)contents6)content(1) 用 content的适当形式填空用心爱心专心- 5 -1)she hadnt read the letter and was unknown of its _.2)nothing will ever _ the boy.3)john _ himself with two glasses of beer

29、even though he could have had more.4)she is quite _ to live at home with her parents.【答案】1)contents2)content3)contented4)content(2) 名校押题the survey shows that if people cant afford _ house, they will feel lesscontent about _ life.a the; theb a; 不填c a; the d不填； the【答案与解析】b题意：调查显示， 如果人们买不起房子， 他们对生活就不那么

30、满意。 house是可数名词，而a house 表示类别； life是不可数名词，不加冠词。9 accumulatevt.积累；积聚 vi. (数量 ) 逐渐增加； ( 质量 ) 逐渐提高accumulationn. 积累1)i _ _ a lot of books.我已经收集了很多书。2)by investing wisely she _ a fortune.她由于投资有方而积蓄了一笔财产。3)debts began to _.债务开始增加。4)however, as the evidence began to _， experts from the zoo felt obliged toi

31、nvestigate.然而，当证据日趋增多时，该动物园的专家们感到有必要进行调查。【答案】1)have accumulated2)accumulated3)accumulate4)accumulate(1) 完成句子a thick layer of dust _ _in that room.那个房间里已经堆积了一层厚厚的灰尘。【答案】has accumulated(2) 名校押题as people _ more wealth, they tend to spend a greater part of their incomes.a abandonb accumulate c.contribut

32、e dconcentrate【答案与解析】b 考查动词辨析。 abandon “放弃”； accumulate “积累”； contribute“贡献”； concentrate“集中”。10 sentencen( 法官所做的 ) 宣判、判决；刑罚；处刑；句子v.( 指法官或法庭 ) 判决、宣判；判刑a life sentence终身监禁the death sentence死刑1)the _was 10 years in prison and a fine of $10,000.判决结果是监禁十年并罚款一万美元。2)whats the meaning of the following _？下面

33、这句话的意思是什么？3)he _ _ to death.他被判处死刑。【答案】1)sentence2)sentence3)was sentenced(1) 完成句子the judge_ _ _ three years in prison.法官判她三年有期徒刑。【答案】sentenced her to(2) 名校押题the murdererwas finallycaughtand receivedthepunishment of _to lifeimprisonment.a sentencingb sentenced用心爱心专心- 6 -c having been sentencedd bein

34、g sentenced【答案与解析】 d 考 介 。介 后常 名 、 名 或代 作 。 意： 人犯最 被抓 并被判 身 禁。11 governv 治；控制；决定；支配governor n主管人 ；理事；董事； 督； 器government n 治；管 ；政府；内 1)the rise and fall of the sea is _ by the movements of the moon.海水的潮 潮落是受月球的运 支配的。2)we elected him _ of our state for his wisdom.我 他当我 的州 是因 他的智慧。3)the young prince wa

35、s not suited to _ and became a bad king.年 的王子不善于治理国家，最后成了一名昏君。【答案】1)governed2)governor3)government(1) 完成句子it is the prime minister but not the queen who _ our country.管理我 国家的是 理而不是女王。【答案】governs(2) 名校押 the day when iraqis _themselves must come quickly.a controlb operatecgovernd run【答案与解析】cgovern “ 治

36、；控制；决定；支配”。 意：伊拉克人民自己管理自己的那一天必 尽快到来。 control“控制”； operate“操作；做手 ”； run “运 ；经营 ( 企 等 ) ”。重点短 解1 so far到 在 止；迄今 止so far up to now; up to the present (注： 常和 在完成 用 )so / as far as.is concerned就而言so / as far as i know就我所知so / as far as the quality goes就 量而言so far, so good到目前 止；一切 算 利as far as. 到地方as far

37、as possible只要有可能as far as i can只要有可能be far from. 离某地； 不是； 非1)_ _ _ _ _ _， that is highly unlikely.依我看，那是非常不可能的。2)fields of rice reach _ _ _ the eye could see.稻田延伸到看不到 的地方。3)_ _ _ possible, ill help you.只要有可能，我会帮助你。4)he walked _ _ _the post office.他一直走到 局。5)i ve been trying to open the case without r

38、esult _ _.我一直想打开箱子，但目前 止不行。【答案】1)as / so far as i can see2)as far as3)as / so far as4)as far as5) so far用心爱心专心- 7 -(1) 用 far 的相关短 填空1)progress has been _ _ very good and were sure that the task willbe finished on time.2)it is _ hot today for a class.3)this is better _ _.4)she is _ _ the tallest amon

39、g the girls in the class.5)the boy is not a fool, _ _ it.【答案】1)so far2)far3)by far4)by far5)far from(2) 名校押 _ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with a severe shortage offood, clothing, fuel and almost everything.a as well asbas long as cas soon as d as far as【答案与解析】aas well as“除之外 有”。

40、 意：除了来自 人的危 之外，人 必 克服食品、衣物、燃料等几乎所有物 的 重缺乏。as long as “只要就”；as soon as“一就”； as far as “就而言”；“ 到地方”，均不合 意。2 rely on / upon依靠；依 ；信 ；指望rely on / upon sb / sth依靠某人 / 某事rely on / upon sb to do sth rely on / upon sb doing sth依靠某人做某事rely on / upon sb for sth指望某人某事rely on / upon it that相信；指望那要看情况而定！depend on

41、 it 放心；没 1)you cant always _ _ others help.你不能老是依 人的帮助。2)you may _ _ _ that hell come to your help.你可以相信他会来帮助你。3)we cant _ _ the little boy to finish the job.我 不能指望 个小男孩完成 工作。4)you cant _ _ your parents lending you money.你不能指望父母借 你。5)you can always _ _ jim, he wont fail you.你可以相信吉姆，他不会 你失望。6)this _

42、_ how youll finish it. 取决于你如何完成它。【答案】1)depend on2)rely on it3)rely on / depend on4)depend on5)rely on6)depends onrely on和 depend on用法辨析rely on根据 去 判断是否可以相信依 ， 重于感情和人品；depend on 个人或事可能得到支持。 depend on可接疑 副 引 的从句，作“取决于”解 ；但rely on不可。(1) 用 depend 或 rely的适当形式填空1)_ _ _ _， our team will surely win.2)the pa

43、rty _ _ whether we can collect enough money.3)childrenshouldnt beencouraged to _ _ electronic dictionaries toomuch as it will make them lazier.【答案】 1)just depend on it2)depends on3)rely on / depend on(2) 名校押 用心爱心专心- 8 -1) whether an operation should be performed in this case _ very much on the patie

44、nts general conditions.a reliesb countscconcentratesd depends【答案与解析】drely on / count on / depend on均有“依赖；依靠；信赖”之意，但depend on 还有“取决于”的意思。2) you can depend on it that shell come to the wedding._， she has acceptedyour invitation.a above allb after allc whats moredthats to say【答案与解析】b题意：她会来参加婚礼这一点是可以肯定的，毕竟她已经接受了邀请。3 pull up (使 ) 停下；责备 ( 某人 ) ； ( 使 ) 名次提前；从土里拔出来pull o