必修三Unit3名词性从句

1、英语句子的种类,简单句,simple sentence,并列句,compound sentence,复合句,complex sentence,英语句子概论,简单句的五种,基本,句型,The weather,is,very cold,主语,谓语（连系动词,表语,He,laughed,主语,谓语,vi,I,like,Chinese food,主语,谓语,vt.),宾语,She,taught,them,physics,主语,谓语,vt.),间接宾语,直接宾语,We must keep the room,warm,主语,谓语,vt.),宾语,宾语补足语,并列句,把两个或几个简单句用,并列连词,连接起来

2、,I turned on the TV,My sister and I watched it,I turned on the TV,and,my sister and I watched it,I bought my sister a present. She didn,t like it,I bought my sister a present,but,she didn,t like it,并列句,并列句,常用并列连词,平行,并列连词,转折,并列连词,因果,并列连词,选择,并列连词,and, bothand, not only but also,neithernor,but, however

3、, while, yet,or,eitheror,for, so,复合句,主句,从句,名词,性从句,定语从句,状语从句,1.The boy,who is standing over there,is Tom,2.Because it is raining,we have to stay,at home,定语从句,状语从句,3.I know,that) he is from America,宾语从句,名词,性从句,Noun Clauses,名词性从句,Subject Clause,主语从句,Appositive Clause,同位语从句,Object Clause,宾语从句,Predicativ

4、e Clause,表语从句,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句,中能担任,主语、宾语、表语、同位语,等,主语,His job,is important,What he does,is important,表语,This is,his job,This is,what he does every day,宾语,I don,t like,his job,I don,t like,what he does every day,同位语,I don,t know about the man,Mr. White,I don,t know about the fact,that he is a,teac

5、her,Who will win the match,is still unknown,I want to know,what he has told you,The fact is,that we have lost the game,The news,that we won the game,is exciting,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,名词性从句,的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句,的主语、表语、宾语和同位语,同位语从句,相关概念,1,名词,表示人或事物的名称的词,2,名词的句法作用,名词在句中主要作,主语,宾语,表语和同位语,另外还可以作,

6、定语,状语,3,名词性从句,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词,充当的,主,语,宾语,表语,和,同位语,由,一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫,名词性从句,Object Clauses,宾语从句,1,I,know,him,2,I,know,who,he,is,主语,谓语,宾语,简单句,主语,谓语,宾,语,从,句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主,句,复合句,句子做宾语就是宾语从句,跟在,及物动词,或,介词,后,句子结构,主句,连词（引导词,宾语从句,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses,引导名词性从句,的关联词,从属连词,不作成分,连接代词,作成分,连接副词,作状语,what, who

7、, whom, whose,which, wh+ever,that, whether, if,when, where, how, why,一、连词（引导词,1,that,1,当宾语从句是由,陈述句转变而来,时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词,由,that,引导,因为,that,在从句中,不作任何成分,也,没有任何具体意思,因,此在口语或非正式文体中,常省略,Lin,Tao,feels,that,his,own,team,is,even,better,2,宾语从句中的连接词,that,在以下三种情况下,不能省略,1,当,that,从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,第二个,that,不能,省,2,当,

8、that,从句作,介词宾语,时,that,不可省掉,3,用,it,做,形式宾语,的宾语从句,Everyone knew what happened,and,that,she was worried,The reason lies,in,that,she works harder than the others do,I think,it,necessary,that,you should read English aloud,3,在主句为动词,be,加某些形容词（如,sorry,sure,afraid,glad,等）作表语时，后面所跟,的省略,that,的从句也可算是,宾语从句,I,m,sor

9、ry,that,I,don,t,know,We,re,sure,that,our,team,will,win,I,m,afraid,that,he,won,t,pass,the,exam,当宾语,从句是由一般疑问句变来时,时，由连词,whether,或,if,引导,是否,，不能省略,1).Lily,wanted,to,know_,her,grandma,liked,the,handbag,2,Let,s,see_,we,can,find,out,some,information,about,that,city,3).She,asked,me,_she,could,borrow,these,bo

10、oks,注意,whether,和,if,的使用区别,1).whether,和,if,都可以引导宾语从句,a,当有,or not,时就用,whether,不用,if,I don,t know,whether or not,I will stay,b,介词,后面的宾语从句不能用,if,I worry,about whether,I hurt her feeling,2. whether/if,if /whether,if /whether,if /whether,Practice time,if / whether,1. I asked her _ she had a,bike,2. We,re

11、worried about _ he,is safe,3. I don,t know _ he is well or,not,4. I don,t know _ or not he is,well,5. I don,t know _ I should,go,if,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether/if,_,to go,whether,3,当宾语从句是由,特殊疑问句转变而来,时，由,疑问词,what,who,whom,which,whose,when,where,how,why,等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具,有一定的意义，所以,

12、不可以省略,Do,you,know,he,said,just,now,I,don,t,remember,we,arrived,I,asked,him,I,could,get,so,much,money,Please,tell,me,we,have,to,see,Do,you,know,time,the,plane,leaves,what,when,where,who whom,what,二、时态,1,如果,主句是现在的时态,包括一般现在时,现在进行时，现在完,成时,从句的时态可根,据实际情况而定,包括一般现在时，一般,过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等,I,know,he,_,here,live

13、,I,know,he,here,ten,years,ago,live,I,have,heard,that,he,tomorrow,come,2,如果主句是过去的时态,包括一般过去时，过去进行时,那么从句的时态,一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态,包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来,时,过去完成时,I knew who,here.(live,I saw she _,her mother. (talk,He asked whether his father _tomorrow. (come back,He said that he _it .(see,3,当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用,一般

14、现在时,The teacher said that the earth -around the sun,travel,lives,lived,will come,lived,was talking with,would come back,had seen,三、语序,宾语从句的语序用,陈述语序,连接词,主语,谓语,其他成分,1.I don,t know,what is the matter the troublewrong,with him,2 .I don,t know who did it,3. I don,t know who is he,1. When will he go to th

15、e library,1 His brother asks when,he will go to,the library,2 His brother asks when,will he go to,the library,2. What does he want to buy ,1 I don,t know what,he wants to,buy,2 I don,t know what,does he want to,buy,1,We thought,it,strange,that,Xiao Wang did not,come yesterday,2. He has made,it,clear

16、,that,he will not give in,注意,it,常可以放在动词,think, find, consider,believe, feel, make,等后作为,形式宾语,真,正的宾语,that,从句则放在句尾,_,我们觉得很奇,怪,she didn,t go to school today,We think,it,strange,that,Fill in the blanks with suitable,conjunctions,1,Can,you,tell,me,_,the,man,is,He,is,my,brother,2,I,didnt,know,_,he,was,comi

17、ng,until,yesterday,3,The,doctor,asks,_,medicine,you,have,taken,4,I,want,to,know,_,they,solved,the,problems,in,the,city,who,when,what,how,when,Whether/if,1,The,young,man,asked,_,its,summer,or,winter,A,either,B,that,C,weather,D,whether,2,We,dont,know,_,they,did,it,A,how,B,who,C,what,D,which,3,The,teac

18、her,asks,us,_,Jim,can,come,back,on,time,A,that,B,if,C,when,D,what,time,4,Does,anybody,know,_,we,will,have,a,sports,meeting,this,weekend,or,not,A,if,B,where,C,whether,D,that,D,A,B,C,5,Could,you,show,me,_,A,how,can,I,get,to,the,station,B,where,is,the,station,C,how,I,could,get,to,the,station,D,how,I,ca

19、n,reach,the,station,6. Please tell me _,A. what does he like B. what he does like,C. what he likes D. what he like,7. My sister told him _,A. what day was it B. when the train arrived,C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _,A. who is he B.

20、 who he is,C. who is it D. who it is,9. Could you tell me how long _ ,A. you have bought the watch,B. you have kept this science book,C. have you been away from China,D. have you been a member of Greener China,10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing,A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt

21、go,C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,Subject Clauses,主语从句,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses,引导名词性从句,的关联词,从属连词,不作成分,连接代词,作成分,连接副词,作状语,what, who, whom, whose,which, wh+ever,that, whether,when, where, how, why,1,is certain,我们将迟到了,2. _ is known to all.,地球是圆的,3. _ is a pity,你错过了这次机会,That the earth is

22、 round,That you missed the chance,二,whether,是否，表不确定的事情,引导词,That we shall be late,hurts him so much,她离开他,一,that,_,只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略,没有意义,1). That she left him,_,is not easy to say,他是否会来这,2,Whether he will come here,If he will come here.,3,_,is more practice.,我们所需要的,what,在从句中作主语,4,is under discussion

23、,When,在从句中作状语,What we need,When we will begin the meeting,if,不能引导主语从句,三。其他疑问词,注意一,主语从句后置,为了避,免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常,用,it,作形式主语,主语从,句放在后面作真正的主语,That we shall be late is certain,1. That the earth is round is known to all,2. That you missed the chance is a pity,It is a pity that you missed the chance,It,s kno

24、wn to all that the earth is round,It,s certain that we shall be late,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型,It is +adj/n that(strange/a pity,It is + v,ed that.(said/reported,由连词,whether,连接代词,what, who, which,和,连接副词,when,where,why,how,等引导,也常常后置,Who will do it,_,been decided,have /has,What he needs,_,that book,What he needs

25、_,_,some books,is,are,注意三,What,与,that,引导主语从句,what,引导名词性从句时在从句中,充当句子成分,如主语,宾,语,表语,而,that,则不然,它在句子中,只起连接作用,1) _you said yesterday is right,2) _she is still alive is a puzzle,What,That,注意：主语从句中,谓语动词一般用,单数,注意二,What,引导的主语从句，可根据,表语,决定,做题三步曲,步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分,开来,步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分,步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的,连词,1,_ he made an

26、important speech at the,meeting was true,A. That B. Why C. What D. How,2. _we,ll go camping tomorrow depends,on the weather,A If B Whether C That D Where,3._ is known to us all is that America is a,developed country_the First World,a.Which; belong to b. As, belonged to,c. What; belonging to d. It; b

27、elonging to,4. It,s known to us all _ a form of energy,A. water is B. that water is,C. is water D. that water to,5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning,gray,A. whether B. that C. what D. when,6.What I say and think _ none of your,business,A. is B. are C. has D have,Predicative Clauses,表语从句,从

28、属连词,不作成分,连接代词,作成分,连接副词,作状语,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether,as if/as though,when, where, how, why.because,表语从句,是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在,系动词,之后,一般结构是,主,语,系动词,表语从句,。可以接表语从句的系动词有,be,look, remain, seem,表语从句,The question is _,we can rely on him,That,s _,we were in need of money at that time

29、,He looked _,he was going to cry,That,s _,I was late,whether,because,as if,why,注,意,1,在表语从句中，表“是否,时，只能用,whether,不能用,if,2,一般情况下，,that,不能省,3,It is /was,because,It is /was,why,3. The reason,why/for,is /was,that,4 The reason is,because /why,that,1. That,s _ the Party called on us to do,A. why B. what C.

30、how D. that,2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the,machine,A. because B. why C. that D. Whether,3 .That is _ they separated,A. that B. what C. which D. where,4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago,A. what B. which C. that D. when,找出各句中的从句并指出是何种从句,1,I,dont,know,if,I,can,do,it,2,What,he,

31、is,doing,seems,very,difficult,3,The,important,thing,is,how,we,can,improve,our,studies,4,Mr,Li,always,thinks,of,how,he,can,do,more,for,the,people,5,The,news,that,she,was,pretending,to,be,sick,was,whispered,from,one,to,another,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,宾语从句,6,Thats,what,you,are,going,to,do,first,7,Itll,be,

32、decided,at,the,class,meeting,who,is,to,be,the,monitor,of,our,class,8,When,the,sports,meet,is,to,be,held,is,still,under,discussion,9,I,was,surprised,at,what,he,said,10. He gave me the news that some Americans,will visit our school tomorrow,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,Appositive Clause,同位语从句,同位语从句,1,跟在某

33、些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明,常用名词有,belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result,thought, information, opinion,等,Suggestion, suggest,order demand wish,等,2,常用连词,that; when, where, why, how,e.g. 1,消息传来，拿破仑要来视察他的军队,Word came,that,Napoleon would come and,inspect his grand army,Its the question,how,he did it,3,同位语

34、从句多用,that,引导，无意义，不可省,2,问题是他如何做这件事的,4,在,have no idea,之后用,wh,引导同位语从句,I have no idea,where he has gone,I have no idea,when he did it,I have no idea,what he did,1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact,worries their parents and teachers a lot,2.The Queen of England was on a three-da

35、y visit in,China./ We heard the news last night,_,_,_,The fact,that,two thirds of all girls are on a diet,worries their parents and teachers a lot,_,_,_,We heard,the news,last night,that,the Queen of,England was on a three-day visit in China,4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof f

36、or,the idea,5.Chinese students should be given more free time.,The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially,kids in school,3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online.,Many British parents hold the view,_,_,Many British parents hold,the view,that,teenagers,shouldn,t spend too much tim

37、e online,_,_,There is no scientific proof for,the idea,that,time travel,is possible,_,_,The suggestion,that,Chinese students should be given,more free time,is welcomed by many people, especially,kids in school,1.We expressed the hope,that,they had expected,2.We expressed the hope,that,they would com

38、e to visit,China again,定语从句,同位语从句,3,连词,that,在同位语从句中,不可省略,而在定语从句中当它充当,宾,语时可以省略,区别,that,引导的同位语从句和定语从句,1,引导同位语的连词,that,在句中,不作任何句子成分,而在定语从,句中,that,充当的可以是,从句的主语或宾语,等,2,同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的,具体说明,而定语从句是对前面名,词,进行修饰，解释为,的,3.The fact,that,she works hard is well known to us all,1.The news that our team has won the

39、game was true,2.The news that he told me yesterday was true,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,判断,定语从句,or,同位语从句,1.The order that we should send a few people to help the,other groups was received yesterday,2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should,send a few people to help the other groups,3.The news t

40、hat he will leave for Shanghai is true,4.The news that we got last week is true,5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,定语从句,注意,1,that / what,的辨用,1._ he wants is a book,2. _ he wants to go there is obvious,3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is,sayi

41、ng,4.He told us _ he felt ill,5.The result is _ we won the game,6.This is _ we want to know,7. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon,8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all,What,That,what,what,what,that,that,that,Rules,1.that,在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起,连接作用,2. what,除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充,当成分，可做从句的主语、宾

42、语、或表语,注意,2,whether,与,if,的辨用,1.Whether it is true remains a problem,2.It remains a problem whether/if it is true,3. He asked whether/if Mary would attend the ceremony,4.It depends on whether we have got enough money,5.The question is whether you should accept it,6.The question whether he,ll attend th

43、e meeting is important,7.I didn,t know whether to laugh or to cry,8.I don,t know whether/if it is right or not,Rules,1,在由形式主语,it,引导的主语从句及在,vt,动词后面的,宾语从句中，表“是否,whether/if,都可以用,2,在前置主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和跟在,介词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否,只能,用,whether,3,在,whether or not,和,whether to do,中,whether,不能,换成,if,Practice time,if /

44、 whether,1. I asked her _ she had a bike,2. I don,t know _ he is well or not,3._ we will hold a party in the open air,tomorrow depends on the weather,4.It hasnt been decided_ we shall,attend the meeting,5.We,re worried about _ he is safe,6. The question is _ he should do it,7.The doctor can hardly a

45、nswer the question,_ the old man will recover soon,8. I don,t know _ to go or to stay at home,whether/ if,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether / if,1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of,the students had been admitted to key universities,A What / because B What / that,C Th

46、at / what D That / because,2._she couldn,t understand was _ fewer and fewer,students showed interest in her lessons,A What / why B That / what,C What / because D Why / that,B,A,B,3,He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B,because C. that D. the reason,4 _has helped to save th

47、e drowning girl is worth praising,A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever,5. Information has been put forward _ more graduates will be,admitted into universities,A that B how C where D what,D,A,6,I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week,Is that _you had a few days off ,A why B when C what D where,7 -

48、Are you still thinking about yesterday,s,game ,Oh ,that,s _,A what makes me feel excited,B whatever I feel excited about,C how I feel about it,D when I feel excited,A,A,9,_ fashion differs from country to country may,reflect the cultural differences from one aspect,A What B That C This D Which,10. W

49、hen you answer questions in a job,interview ,please remember the golden rule,Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants,A what B which C when D that,11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work,A continues B continue,C continued D had continued,B,A,B,12.There will be a special price for _ buys,thing

50、s in large number here,A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever,13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had,failed to win the game,A.why B. what C. who D. that (05,14.The poor young man is ready to accept _,help he can get. (05,A. whichever B. however,C. whatever D. whenever,14.Many newspaper printed t

51、he governor,s,statement _ would support a tax cut,A.and he B. was that he C which he D that he,15._ man must fear when traveling in space is,radiation from the sun,A.Which B. How C. What D. That,16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child,_ he or she wants,A. However B. whatever,C. whicheve

52、r D. whenever,16. She received the message _ he would come,by plane,A. that B. which C. what D. when,17. Energy is _ makes things work,A. what B. something C. anything D. that,18.Our city has changed a lot ,and now it is quite,different from _ a few years ago,A. what it used to be B. that it used to

53、 be,C.which it used to be D. what was it,19. We all know the truth _ there are air ,water and,sunlight,there are living things,A. wherever B. where C. that D. that wherever,20.The true value of life is not in _ , but_,A. how you get ;that you give,B.which you get;what you give,C.what you get ;what y

54、ou give,D. what do you get ;what do you give,21._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an,international language,A. There B. This C. That D. It,Pick up one number and finish the,task in it, then you can get some points,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28

55、,29,30,1.The suggestion (that) she has put,forward is very good,2.The suggestion that we clean the,classroom by turns is very good,判断：名词性从句,定语从句,名词性从句,定语从句,10,1.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last,week. That is _ I had a few days,off,The project was turn down,Is that _ we lack money,3.Tom didn,t

56、 go to school today. The,reason was _ he fell ill,用,thatwhybecause,填空,that,why,because,20,The news that Liu Xiang won the 110 hurdles,Brought Chinese great happiness,News , brought Chinese great happiness,Liu Xiang,the 110 hurdles,Make a sentence,30,1.I doubt_ he can speak English,2.I don,t doubt _

57、he can speak,English,whether/ if,that,10,Correct or not,When the meeting will be held haven,t,been known yet,be held,hasn,t,been known yet,Pay attention,主语从句的谓语用,单数,形式,10,判断：名词性从句,定语从句,1.The possibility that you referred to,doesn,t exist at all,2.There is a strong possibility that we,may be in France for the next week,名词性从句,定语从句,10,the cat do,made,What the cat did made the baby,cry,What,cry,Make a sentence,30,1.Two third