名词性从句复习

1、高二英语预备知识复习,名词性从句,一、名词怎么怎么用？,名词在句中可充当,：,1,、主语,(subject),：,The games,brought us a lot of fun.,2,、表语,(predicative),：,His son is,a big trouble,.,3,、宾语,(objective),：,He rested,his head,against,the wall,.,4,、同位语,(appositive),：,Mrs Whites closest friend,a little,dog, died yesterday.,二、什么叫名词性从句？,1.,主语从句（,su

2、bjective clause),：,That he missed such a good,chance to take a further study,abroad,made his mother frustrated.,2.,表语从句,(predicative clause):,The trouble is,that he never listens,to our suggestions,.,3.,宾语从句,(objective clause):,He told me,that he had watched the,new movie,.,Today we are going to tal

3、k about,how we should deal with this,problem,.,4.,同位语,(appositive clause):,The news,that the tornado will,develop over this area,has made all,the villagers upset.,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,判断下列名词性从句的类型：,The parents were surprised,that their,baby could walk so steadily,.,The possibility,that our din

4、ner party,might be put off,makes the children,a little upset.,How they broke into our house,is,still unknown.,The truth is,that the five senses are,all important to us,.,宾从,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,The question is,why he cheated us,.,That we will finish this task by the,end of next month,is out of question.,

5、All the kids showed great interest in,whether Santa Claus would bring,gifts to them,.,She refused to answer the question,why she got so angry at the meeting,.,宾从,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,名词性从句的本质：,三种句式充当四种成分,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句句,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,三、名词性从句的关系词怎么用？,名词性从句,引导词,that,if/whether,wh-,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,1.,名词性从句的

6、,that,引导陈述句，在从,句中不占任何成分。,That we couldnt find our way out,was really bad news.,She sensed,that she was being,watched by a tall man.,The truth is,that you did him wrong.,The fact,that you did him wrong,made him very angry.,2.,引导名词性从句的,that,在非宾语从句,中不可省，宾语从句中的,that,在大多,数情况下可省，但也有例外：,A),介词后的,that,不可省,Th

7、e reason lies in,that,the fog is too,thick.,B),宾语从句有插入成分时，,that,不可省,He told me,that,if it rained, he would,stay at home.,He told me,(that),he would stay at,home if it rained.,C),当多个宾语从句并列时，,that,不可省,He said,that,he would be free next,week and,that,he might visit us then.,Nobody knew what had happene

8、d,and,that,she was so worried.,3.,介词后的名词性从句（宾从）通常,不能由,that,引导，但,in,或,except,后面,的名词性从句例外。,The problem lies,in that,the mist may,become a thick fog.,I didnt tell him anything,except that,I,wasnt able to find my way back.,4. reason,后面的表语从句只能由,that,引,导，不可用,because,引导。,The reason why he was late is,that,

9、his bike broke down on the way.,because?,1. if/whether,引导一般疑问句充当的名,词性从句；原先的疑问句语序在从句中,应转换为陈述句语序。,She wondered. Would the buses still,be running?,She wondered,if/whether,the buses,would still be running.,2.,下列情况只用,whether,，不用,if,：,Whether,it is going to clear up keeps,me wondering.,The trouble is,whet

10、her,he would help,us.,The result,whether,he is able to pass,the exam is still unknown.,A),引导非宾语从句时,只用,whether,：,Whether,it is in summer or in winter,Hainan is a good place to be.,B),介词后的宾语从句只用,whether.,She isnt certain,about whether,she,has done anything wrong.,C),跟,or,连用时通常用,whether.,I want to know

11、,whether or not,the,train goes to King Street.,The teacher asked me,whether,I,went to school by bike,or,by bus.,1.,名词性从句的疑问词引导疑问句，,在从句中要占成分。,2.,疑问词引导的名词性从句必须用陈,述句语序。,3.,在任何情况下引导名词性从句的疑,问词都不可省。,I cant understand,what,he said,.,I cant understand,why,he was late,.,四、三个重要的相关问题,一、比较同位语从句和定语从句：,A)The fact

12、,that,Polly told us,is true.,B)The fact,that,Polly didnt ask for,the mans name,is a pity.,定语从句,同位语从句,A)The suggestion,that,you made at,the meeting,sounds reasonable.,B)The suggestion,that,we should go,there by taxi,sounds reasonable.,定语从句,同位语从句,A)The reason,why,he refused to,answer the question,is q

13、uite clear.,B) All the workers dont believe the,reason,that,he explained to them,yesterday,.,C) He got here late for the reason,that,he had missed the early bus,.,定语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句和定语从句的区别：,?,同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的具体解,释；定语从句是对先行词的修饰限定。,?,同位语从句的引导词,that,不占成分；定,语从句的引导词,that,在从句中占成分。,?,同位语从句的引导词,that,不可换成,

14、which,不可省略；定语从句的引导词,that,有时可换成,which,有时可省。,二、与形式主语,(,宾语,),结构的转换,1.,主语从句和形式主语的转换,That Tom always gets up at 6:00 a.m.,finishes school at 5:00 p.m. and goes,to bed at 10:00 p.m.,is a rule.,It,is a rule,that Tom always gets up at,6:00 a.m., finishes school at 5:00 p.m.,and goes to bed at 10:00 p.m.,.,常

15、见的形式主语结构：,It is said that,据说,It is reported that,据报道,It is known to us that,众所周知,It is commonly thought that,普遍认为,It is very clear that,很明显,2.,宾语从句和形式宾语的转换,We think,that we should try our best,to prevent the people in this area,cutting down trees,necessary.,We think,it,necessary,that we should,try our best to prevent the people in,this area cutting down trees,.,三,. -ev