英语词汇学历年试题

1、英语词汇学历年试题 英语词汇学试题 introduction and chapter 1 basic concepts of words and vocabulary（练习1） ieach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1. morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words,

2、 primarily through the use of _construct. a. word b. form c. morpheme d. root 2._ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. a. semantics b. linguistics c. etymology d. stylistics 3.modern english is derived from the language of early _ tribes. a

3、. greek b. roman c. italian d. germanic 4. semantics is the study of meaning of different _ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. a. linguistic b. grammatical c. arbitrary d. semantic 5.stylistics is the study of style . it is concerned with the users choices of linguistic elements in a

4、particular_ for special effects a. situation b. context c. time d. place 6.lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _ difference. a . spelling b. semantic c. pronunciation d. pragmatic 7. terminology consists of _ terms u

5、sed in particular disciplines and academic areas. a. technical b. artistic c. different d. academic 8. _refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. a. slang b. jargon c. dialectal words d. argot 9 ._ belo

6、ngs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. a. jargon b. argot c. dialectal words d. slang 10. argot generally refers to the jargon of _.its use is confined to the sub-cultural g

7、roups and outsiders can hardly understand it. a. workers b. criminals c. any person d. policeman 11._ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. a. argot b. slang c. jargon d. dialectal words 12. archaisms are words or forms that were once in _use but are now restricted only to spec

8、ialized or limited use. a. common b. little c. slight d. great 13. neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on _meanings. a. new b. old c. bad d. good 14. content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_ words. they include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverb

9、s and numerals. a. functional b. notional c. empty d. formal 15. functional words do not have notions of their own. therefore, they are also called _words. prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. a. content b. notional c. empty d. new 1 ii. complete the followin

10、g statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. 16.lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _of words. 17.english lexicology aims at investigating and studying the _ structures of english words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations,

11、 _development, formation and _. 18. english lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, _,etymology, stylistics, _. 19. there are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _. 20. language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_. ii

12、i. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words 4)characteristics of the basic word stock. a b 21 . stability ( ) a. e-mail 22. collocbility( ) b. au

13、ght 23. jargon( ) c. por 24. argot ( ) d. upon 25.notional words( ) e. hypo 26. neologisms ( ) f. at heart 27. aliens ( ) g. man 28. semantic-loans( ) h. dip 29. archaisms ( ) i. fresh 30. empty words ( ) j. emir iv. study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the bas

14、ic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary. 31. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( ) 33. can-opener ( ) 34.roger ( ) 35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( ) 37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( ) 39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( ) v. define the following terms. 41. word 42. denizens 43. aliens 44. translation

15、-loans 45. semantic-loans vi. answer the following questions 46.illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples. 47. what are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? illustrate your points with examples. 48. give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with exa

16、mples. vii. analyze and comment on the following. 49. classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion. earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never. 50. group the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation-loans,

17、 semantic-loans. dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece, port, shirt key to exercises: i. 1. a2.c3.d4.a5.b6.d7.a8.b9.d10.b11.d12.a13.a14.b15.c ii. 16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics, lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabulary 2 21. g 22. f23. e24. h25. c26. a27. j

18、28.i29.b30.d 31. the basic word stock; productivity 32. the basic word stock; collocability 33.the basic word stock; argot 34.nonbasic word stock; slang 35. nonbasic word stock; jargon 36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology 37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words 38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms 39

19、. nonbasic word stock; archaisms 40. the basic word stock; polysemy v-vi. (see the course book) vii. 49. content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, five functional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a. 50. denizens: port, shirt, aliens: bazaar, kowtow translation-loans: lama, master

20、piece semantic-loans:dream, pioneer iii. iv. chapter 2 the development of the english vocabulary and chapter 3 word formation i(练习2) i. each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1. it is assumed that the world has app

21、roximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which can be grouped into the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar. a. 500 b. 4000 c. 300 d. 2000 2. the prehistoric indo-european parent language is thought to be a highly _language. a. inflected b. derived c. developed d. analyz

22、ed 3. after the _, the germanic tribes called angles ,saxons, and jutes came in great numbers. a. greeks b. indians c. romans d. french 4. the introduction of _had a great impact on the english vocabulary. a. hinduism b. christianity c. buddhism d. islamism 5. in the 9th century the land was invaded

23、 again by norwegian and danish vikings. with the invaders, many _words came into the english language. a. greek b. roman c. celtic d. scandinavian 6. it is estimated that at least _ words of scandinavian origin have survived in modern english. a. 500 b. 800 c. 1000 .d. 900 7. the normans invaded eng

24、land from france in 1066. the norman conquest started a continual flow of _ words into english. a. french b. greek c. roman d. latin 8. by the end of the _century , english gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, and government and regained social status. a. 12th b. 13th c. 14th d.15th

25、 9. as a result , celtic made only a _contribution to the english vocabulary. 3 a. small b. big c. great d. smaller 10. the balto-slavic comprises such modern languages as prussian, lithuanian, polish, czech, bulgarian, slovenian and _. a. greek b. roman c. indian d. russian 11. in the indo-iranian

26、we have persian , bengali, hindi, romany, the last three of which are derived from the dead language. a. sanskrit b. latin c. roman d. greek 12. greek is the modern language derived from _. a. latin b. hellenic c. indian d . germanic 13. the five roamance languages , namely, portuguese, spanish, fre

27、nch, italian, romanian all belong to the italic through an intermediate language called _. a. sanskrit b. latin c. celtic d. anglo-saxon 14. the _family consists of the four northern european languages: norwegian, icelandic, danish and swedish, which are generally known as scandinavian languages. a.

28、 germanic b. indo-european c. albanian d. hellenic 15. by the end of the _century , virtually all of the people who held political or social power and many of those in powerful church positions were of norman french origin. a. 10th b.11th c.12th d. 13th ii. complete the following statements with pro

29、per words or expressions according to the course book. 16. now people generally refer to anglo-saxon as _. 17. . if we say that old english was a language of full endings , middle english was one of _. 18. it can be concluded that english has evoked from a synthetic language (old english) to the pre

30、sent _ language. 19. the surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be grouped into an eastern set: balto-slavic , indo-iranian ,armenian and albanian; a western set :celtic, italic, hellenic, _. 20. it is necessary to subdivide modern english into early (1500-1700)

31、and _ modern english. iii. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1) origin of the words 2)history off english development 3) language family. a b 21. celtic ( ) a.politics 22. religious ( ) b.moon 23.scandinavian ( ) c. persian 24. french ( ) d.london 25. old

32、 english ( ) e. abbot 26.dutch ( ) f. skirt 27.middle english ( ) g. sunu 28. modern english ( ) h. lernen 29. germanic family ( ) i. freight 30.sanskrit ( ) j. norwegian iv. study the following words or expressions and identify types of morphemes underlined. 31. earth ( ) 32.contradict ( ) 33. pred

33、ictor ( ) 34. radios ( ) 35. prewar ( ) 36. happiest ( ) 4 37. antecedent ( ) 38. northward ( ) 38. sun ( ) 40. diction ( ) v. define the following terms. 41. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stem 45.affixes vi. answer the following questions. your answers should be clear and short. 4

34、6. describe the characteristics of old english . 47. describe the characteristics of middle english. 48. describe the characteristics of modern english. vii. answer the following questions with examples. 49. what are the three main sources of new words ? 50. how does the modern english vocabulary de

35、velop ? key to exercises: i. 1.c 2.a 3.c 4.b 5.d 6.d 7.a 8.b 9.a 10.d 11.a 12.b 13.b 14.a 15.b ii. 16.old english 17. leveled endings 18. analytic 19. germanic 20.late(1700-up to the present ) iii. 21. d 22. e 23. f 24. a 25. g 26. i 27. h 28. b 29. j 30. c iv. 31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound

36、 root 33. suffix 34. inflectional affix 35. prefix 36. inflectional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root 40.bound root v.-vi ( see the course book ) vii. 49. the three main sources of new words are : (1) the rapid development of modern science and technology ,e.g. astrobiology, gr

37、een revolution ; (2) social , economic and political changes; e.g. watergate, soy milk; (3) the influence of other cultures and language; e.g. felafel, nehru jackets. 50. modern english vocabulary develops through three channels: (1) creation, e.g. consideration, carefulness; (2) semantic change, e.g. polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borrowing ;e.g. tofu, gongful. chapter 3 the development of the english vocabulary and chapter 4 word formation ii（练习3） i each of the statements below is follo