初升高衔接动词时态

1、6动词时态1. 动词的时态其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成 时和过去将来时。（1）一般现在时的基本用法时间状语：every, , sometimes, at, , on Sun day1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。Shan ghai lies in the east of China.The earth moves around the sun.（2）般过去时的用法：表示过去某一

2、时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句，如yesterdaythe day before last, last week, two days等o上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。I worked in that factory last year.【注意】1）过去经常反复发生的动作，也可用used to或 would加动词原形来表达，例如： I used to go fishi ng on Sun days.2）“used to也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。例如：This river used to be clean.（3）般将来时的用法1 ）

3、表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I shall atte nd the meeti ng tomorrow.2）表示将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：He will go to see his mother every Saturdays.3 ）表示将来的意愿，决心，许诺，命令等常用will，征求对方意见，主语是第一人称时，常用ShalloI will do my best to catch up with them.Shall I open the door?4） be + going +不定式。表示打算，计划，最近或将来要作的某事。I am going to Beijing next we

4、ek.5）be +动词不定式。表示职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。There is to be a meeti ng this after noon.We are to meet the guests at the statio n.6）be about +动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。They are about to leave.（4）现在进行时的用法1） 表示正在发生或者进行的动作，它注重正在进行，而不管什么时间开始，什么时间结束。What are you doing now?I am look ing for my key2） 表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。The stude

5、nts are preparing for the exam in ati on.3） 某些动词的现在进行时可表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有arrive, come, leave, stalt。They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow（5）现在完成时的用法1）过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already, ever, never, just ,y等副词连用。I have just finished my homework我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。He has been to German她去过德国。2、表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且

6、有可能会继续持续下去，此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常 用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或加一个现在时间。I have known him for three years我认识他三年了。He has lived here si nee 1995自 1995 年以来就住在这儿。3, 非延续性动词arrive, come, go, join, leave, buyegin, get, start, become, borre等 ,在现在完成时态中不能与表示一段时间 的状语连用。He has joined the arm他参军了。He has been in the army f

7、or a yea他参军已经一年了。（换成可以延续的动词）He joined the army a year ago用过去时）【注意】I saw this film yesterday（强调看的动作发生过了，不涉及现在）I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）（6）过去进行时的用法表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如：I was watchi ng TV whe n she came to see me.【注意】They were buildi ng a house last mon th.上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）They built a

8、 new house last mon th.（上个月建造好了，动作已经完成）（7）过去完成时的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态，过去完成时常和by , before等词组成的短语和从句连用。We had already lear ned two thousa nd words by the end of last year.When we arrived at the stati on, they had waited for more tha n twenty minu tes.(8) 过去将来时的用法过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在地状态，过去将

9、来时较多地被运用在宾语从句中。例如:They were going to have a meeti ng. I told him that I would see him off at the stati on.一. 单选1. I took a p hoto of you just now Really? Iwith atte nti on.A. didnlookB. wasntiooking C. am not looking D. haveooked2. You haventsaid a word about my new hair-style. What do you thi nk o?

10、Im sorry I anything about it soon er. I certai niy thi niprettyA. dont sayB. wasrftsay ingC. did ntsayD. havensaid3. Can I help you, Madam. No, tha nks, I.D. just looked aroundA. have just looked around B. just look aroundC. am just look ing around4. That famous cherry treebecause of p olluti on.Yes

11、, we have to do someth ing to save it.A. has died B. had died C. is died D. is dying5. She ought to stop readi ng; she has a headache because sHeo long.A. had read B. read C. is readi ng D. has bee n readi ng6. Youre talk ing too much.Only at home. No on eme but you.A. is heari ng B. had heard C. he

12、ars D. heard7. What have you bee n doing? I asked you a questi on. Whyyou an swer?Sorry Io the n ews on the radio.A. listenedB. have listened C. was listening D. had listened8. You should have told him the date earlier.I, but he forgot about it.A. did B. have C. had D. should have9. The thief tried

13、to break away from the policeman who him but failed.A. held B. had held C. would hold D. was holdi ng10. If itfine tomorrow, we will go out for a p icnic.A. will be B. does be C. isD. was11. The Blackstheir family meet ing from 7:30 to 9:00 yesterday evening.A. are havi ng B. were havi ng C. was hav

14、i ng D. had12. We will start as soon as our team leader.A. comes B. willC. come D. came13. He told us that heEn glish in this school si nee 1992.A. have taught B. taught C. had taught D. has taught14. Theyeach other and bee n in love since they were little.A. had known B. knew C. know D. have known.

15、15. By the end of last mon th, hehalf of this work.A. fini shedB. has fini shed C. had fini shedD. fini shes.16. Look! My friendssome foreig ners around the an cie nt church nowA. showed B. had showedC. are show ing D. were show ing.17. Uni ess it rains, wea picn ic.A. are havi ngB. would haveC. wil

16、l haveD. were havi ng.18. Iyou as soon as I get to London.A. called B. will call C. would call D. calls19. Bob and Jacka lecture once a mon th.A. attends B. attended C. attend D. have attended.20. If you are ill, youthe meeti ng.A. wont have B. would nt haveC. dont have D. have nt had.二. 用括号中动词的适当形式

17、填空。I. It is the fourth time that Mike(travel) to China.2. He(not fini sh)the work by the end of last mon th.3. LiM ing(know) him since the n.4.1 (receive) a letter from my brother last night.5. We (be ) to London many times before we left England.6. How longyou(lear n) En glish by the end of this te

18、rm?7. He live) in this city since he(leave) his hometow n.When did h (leave) there?Hethere three years ago.8. His father (be) in the Party for years.Whenhe(join) the P arty?He (join) the Party in 1996.9. It (rain )for such a long time!Whenit (rain)?It(rain) 3 hours ago.(not catch) the train.10.1 (ho

19、p e)to be back last ni ght, but III. Hello, may I sp eak to Joh n?(sp eak)12. Look, who(sing) a pop song in the room.13. The teacher said the earth(go) around the sun.14. I hope that you(come) to Shan ghai n ext spring.(watch) TV15. Last ni ght while I(do) my maths exercises, my parents16. By the en

20、d of last term, we(lear n) ten En glish son gs.17. The p olice(catch) the thief yesterday18. Ill give the message to her as soon as she _ (retur n).19. He(write) two letters since last mon th.20. Susa ns sister(buy)thWma n for two years.三. 完型There are many ways for us to redu(M 少) waste. For 1., we

21、can reuse paper and p lastic bags. We can also recycle n ews papers,glass, and cans易拉罐)to make new thin gs. Here are some useful ways to 2.waste.Write on 3.sides of paperMany people write on only one side of their paper. Why not stop wasti ng the other side? Some stude nts only use half the p ages o

22、 their 4.before getti ng new on es. Try to use up all the paper. People ofte n give cards on birthdays or festivals. How about tryingto 5.e-cards in stead?Dont throw away your old batteries.Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth 6. This is because they have poisonous p arts in them.

23、 So, dontthrow away batteries. 7.them together. Try to use recharg充电勺)batteries for your games and CD p layers.Give off all your unwan ted clothesThere are many poor families in Chin a.ou may ask your mother to 8.your unwan ted clothes. Then you can p ass them onto those poor childre n. Yu will feel

24、 _9.that you are helping some one else. Also, you can un dersta nd 10.your friends orrelatives 亲戚)want them before throw ing them aw.ay()1. A. reas onB. exa mpleC. useD. people()2. A. p roduceB. p rotectC. reduceD. pollute()3. A. everyB. bothC. allD. one()4. A. exercisesB. schoolbagsC. no tebooksD.

25、papers()5. A. sendB. buyC. receiveD. waste()6. A. dryB. richC. clea nD. dirty( )7. A. ThrowB. KeepC. TryD. Lose()8. A. likeB. sellC. throwD. collect()9 A. angryB. tiredC. movedD. happy()10. A. thatB. ifC. thoughD. what四阅读The police do many things for us. They help keep our things and us safe. They h

26、elp keep cars movin.gTshaefyeltyake care of people who are hurt. Then they see these people get to a doctor.The police go around town to see that everything is all right. They get around town in many ways. Some of them walk or go by car. In some big citie，s some of the police ride on horses. It is s

27、trange to see these animals in the street.As they go around town，the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight，they put an end to it right awa. ySometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can alwa

28、ys tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.Some police stand at crossings. They tell the cars when to go and when to stop. They make sure that the cars do not go too fast. They help children cross the street. They also help people who cant walk too well.Without the police，our streets would not be safe. Cars might go too fast and hurt people. Lost people might never be found. The police do a good job. We need them. And we should thank them for a job well done.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。1. The police do many things for u