2021年11月二级笔译实务试题

1、2021年11月二级笔译实务试题2007年11月11日2级口译真务测验实题【英译汉必译题】Milton Friedman, Free Markets Theorist, Dies at 94.Milton Friedman, the grandmaster of free-market economic theory in the postwar era and a prime force in the movement of nations toward less government and greater reliance on individual responsibility, di

2、ed today in San Francisco, where he lived. He was 94.Conservative and liberal colleagues alike viewed Mr. Friedman, a Nobel prize laureate, as one of the 20th centurys leading economic scholars, on a par with giants like J ohn Maynard Keynes and Paul Samuelson.Flying the flag of economic conservatis

3、m, Mr. Friedman led the postwar challenge to the hallowed theories of Lord Keynes, the British economist who maintained that governments had a duty to help capitalistic economies through periods of recession and to prevent boom times from exploding into high inflation.In Professor Friedmans view, go

4、vernment had the opposite obligation: to keep its hands off the economy, to let the free market do its work.The only economic lever that Mr. Friedman would allow government to use was the one that controlled the supply of money a monetarist view that had gone out of favor when he embraced it in the

5、1950s. He went on to record a signal achievement, predicting the unprecedented combination of rising unemployment and rising inflation that came to be called stagflation. His work earned him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science in 1976.Rarely, his colleagues said, did anyone have such impact

6、 on both his own profession and on government. Though he never served officially in the halls of power, he was always around them, as an adviser and theorist.“Among economic scholars, Milton Friedman had no peer,” Ben S. Bernanke, the Federal Reserve chairman, said today. “The direct and i ndirect i

7、nfluences of his thinking on contemporary monetary economics would be difficult to overstate.”Alan Greenspan, the former Federal Reserve chairman, said of Mr. Friedman in an interview on Tuesday. “From a longer-term point of view, its his acade mic achievements which will have lasting import. But I

8、would not dismiss the profound impact he has already had on the American publics view.”Mr. Friedman had a gift for communicating complicated ideas in simple and lucid ways, and it served him well as the author or co-author of more than a dozen books, as a columnist for Newsweek from 1966 to 1983 and

9、 even as the star of a public television series.【英译汉2选一】【试题1】Panama goes to polls on upgrade for canalPANAMA CITY: Voters were expected Sunday to approve the largest modernization project in the 92-year history of the Panama Canal, a $5.25 billion plan to expand the waterway to allow for larger ship

10、s while alleviating traffic problems.The government of President Martn Torrijos has billed the referendum as historic, saying the work would double the capacity of a canal already on pace to generate about $1.4 billion in revenue this year. Critics claim the expansion would benefit the canals custom

11、ers more than Panamanians, and worry that costs could balloon, forcing this debt- ridden country to borrow even more.The project would build a third set of locks on the Pacific and Atlantic ends of the canal by 2021, allowing it to handle modern container ships, cruise liners and tankers too large f

12、or its locks, which are 33 meters, or 108 feet, wide.The Panama Canal Authority, the autonomous government agency that runs the canal, says the project would be paid for by increasing tolls and would generate $6 billion in revenue by 2025.There is nothing Panamanians are more passionate about than t

13、he canal.Its incomparable in the hemisphere, said Samuel Lewis Navarro, the countrys vice president and foreign secretary. Its in our heart, part of our soul.Public opinion polls indicate that the plan would be approved overwhelmingly. Green and white signs throughout the country read Yes for our ch

14、ildren, while tens of thousands of billboards and bumper stickers trumpet new jobs.The canal needs you, television and radio ads implore.It will mean more boats, and that means more jobs, said Damasco Polanco, who was herding cows on horseback in Nuevo Provedencia, on the banks of Lake Gatn, an arti

15、ficial reservoir that supplies water to the canal.The canal employs 8,000 workers and the expansion is expected to generate as many as 40,000 new jobs. Unemployment in Panama is 9.5 percent, and 40 percent of the country lives in poverty.But critics fear that the expansion could cost nearly double t

16、he governments estimate, as well as stoke corruption and uncontrolled debt.The poor continue to suffer while the rich get richer, said Jos Felix Castillo, 62, a high school teacher who was one of about 3,000 supporters who took to Panama Citys streets to protest the measure on Friday.Lewis Navarro n

17、oted that a portion of the revenue generated by each ton of cargo that passes through the waterway goes to education and social programs.We arent talking about 40 percent poverty as a consequence of the canal, he said. Its exactly the opposite.【试题2缺】【汉译英】【试题一】旅行是一项散不雅光、文娱、健身为一体的兴奋而好好的举动。旅行业伴着时期先进而没有

18、断收展。20世纪中叶以去，古代旅行正在天下局限内敏捷崛起，旅行人数没有断删减，旅行家产范围延续扩充，旅行经济天位提拔，旅行举动愈益成为列国国民交换文明、删进交情、扩充来往的主要渠讲，对于人类举动以及社会先进收死愈来愈宽泛的影响。从古到今，旅行一向是人们删少学问、歉富经历、健壮体格的好好逃供。正在现代，中国前贤们便提出了“不雅国之光”的头脑，倡议“读万卷书，止万里路”，游历名山东大学川，启乾坤之灵气，接山川之粗华。【试题一参考译文】Tourism represents a kind of popular and pleasant activity that combines sightseein

19、g, recreation and health care. With the passage of time, tourism has been developing. Since the middle of the 20th century, modern tourism has been growing at a fast pace around the world. The number of tourists has been increasing, the scale of the tourism industry has been constantly expanding, an

20、d the importance of tourism in the economy has grown obviously. Tourism serves gradually as an important bridge for cultural exchange and friendship, and it exerts a steadily broadening influence on human life and social progress among people of various countries.From ancient time to present, touris

21、m has demonstrated the happy wish for more knowledge, varied experience and good health. In the distant past, ancient Chinese thinkers raised the idea of “appreciating the landscape through sightseeing”. Ancient people also proposed to “travel ten thousand li and read ten thousand books”, which show

22、s they found pleasure in enriching themselves mentally and physically through traveling over famous mountains and rivers.【试题2】从1979到2004年真止变革凋谢那27年里，中国收死了伟大的变动。经济每一年删少9.4%，住民消耗每一年删少7%，收支心每一年删少16.7%。2004年人民经济总产值达1.6494 万亿好元，收支心总额达1.1548万亿好元。咱们已经经基础上创建了社会主义市场经济。咱们的死产力以及综开国力正在没有断普及。社会各项奇迹兴旺收展，国民死活真现了从饥

23、寒到小康那一汗青性的奔腾。怎样正在齐球化减快的新局势下，从中国的真际动身，捉住时机，欢迎应战，坚持延续、倏地、以及协调齐里社会经济收展，是值患上咱们稀切闭注的严重策略略成绩。经由多年的真践以及探究，咱们寻到了一条既切合中国真际以及时期收展趋向又反应国民希望的收展讲路。那便是具备中国特征的社会主义讲路。咱们将顺着那条讲路脆定没有移天奋怯后退。【试题2参考问案】The past 27 years of reform and opening up have brought about tremendous changes from 1979 to 2004, on annual average, the Chinese economy grew by 9.4%, consumption by 7%, and import and export by 16.7%. In 2004, the countrys GDP topped US $ 1.6494 trillion. Total import and export volume reached US$ 1.1548 trillion. We have basically established a socialist market economy. Our productivity and