2018版第1部分专题1类型4人物传记

1、类型4|人物传记 考查要点 方法技巧 1. 人物最显著的性格、品德特征。 2. 人物重大的、有影响的经历。 3. 人物最注目的功绩、贡献、成就。 4人物成长的时代背景。 1.把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺序。 2 .理清事情发生的背景、起因、过程 及结果。 3.感悟人物的情感和心理活动。 经典案例分析 （2017 浙江高考 A）Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his tale nt for art whe n he was only six years of age.But he did not know about

2、brushes before a visitor told him he needed onen those days a brush was made from camels hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work in stead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush. The brush did not last Iong.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before Ion, the

3、cat began to look ragged（蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had bee n doing. The cats lot was about to improve.That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr.Pennington, came to visit.He was imp ressed with Benjami ns draw in gs.Whe n he went home, he sent B

4、enjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings版画）by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever see n. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with h

5、is gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to P hilade Ip hia for a visit. In the city , Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy bega n a Ian dsca p风景）pain ti ng.William Williams , a well-k nown pain ter, came to see him work.Williams was impre

6、ssed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on pain ti ng to take home.The books were long and dull.Be njamin could read on ly a little, havi ng bee n a poor stude nt.But he later sai,dThose two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night. ” While it is likely that he underst

7、ood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine year- old boy decided then that he would be an artist. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明韦斯特是 如何开始他的艺术生涯的。 【长难句解读】While it is likely that he un derstood very little of the books, they were his in troductio n to class

8、ical paintin gs. 分析 这是一个复合句。主句是 they were his in troduct ion to classical paintings While it is likely that he understood very little of the books 是让步状语从句；that he un derstood very little of the books 是主语从句。 译文虽然很有可能他（本杰明）对这些书理解甚少，但它们却是他了解古典绘 画的入门指导。 1. What is the text mai niy about? Benjami ns visi

9、t to P hilade Ip hia. 2. 3. C. Williams i nflue nee on Benjami n. The beg inning of Benjami ns life as an artist. The frien dsh ip betwee n Benjam in and Pennington. 考查主旨大意，命题点为人物成长的背景。文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔 作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是 在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的，故选C项。 What does the un derli ned sentence in P

10、 aragra ph 3 suggest? C. The cat would be closely watched. The cat would get some medical care. Benjamin would leave his home shortly. Benjamin would have real brushes soon. 考查句意理解。由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画 笔的。画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。由该段后文可知，本 杰明的表兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔，故选D项。 What did Pennington do to hel p B

11、enjamin devel op his tale nt? A. He took him to see painting exhibitions. B. He provided him with painting materials. 8 C. He sent him to a school in PhiladeIphia. D. He taught him how to make engravings. 考查细节理解。短文第四段提到 He was amazed at what Benjami n had done with his gift. ”，接着下一段又谈至U “h the city,

12、 Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”, 由此可知,Mr. Pennington 送给本杰明绘 画材料来帮助他发展艺术才能，故选B项。 4. Williams two books helped Benjamin to master the use of paints app reciate Ian dsca pe pain ti ngs C. get to know other pain ters make up his mind to be a pain ter 考查细节理解，命题点为人物有影响

13、的经历。由文章最后两句“While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，这两本书是他通往古典绘画的指引，也帮助他下定决心成为一 名画家，故选D项。 题材对点训练 （2017 肥市第二次教学质量检测）Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of h

14、er time.She fought for wome ns rights long before they became a popu lar issue. Susan was born on February I5 1820, in Adams, Massachusetts.At that time women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woma n bel on ged to her husba nd.Major decisi ons regardi ng childre n

15、were made by the fathers.Wome n could not vote. At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to wome n. She helped gai n better educati onal rights for wome n. She helped give married wome n p oss

16、essi on of their earnin gs. After the Civil War, Susan became very invoIved in the womens suffrage movement.After years of lecturing, writing , and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyomi ng in 1

17、869.0ther areas and states gradually followed Wyomings decision. It was not until 1920 that the U. S.Constitution was changed to give all wome n vot ing rights. Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great America ns in 1950.She was the first Ame

18、rica n woma n to have a like ness（肖像）of her face on a coi n.lt was the 1979 Susa n Brow nell Anthony dollar. 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brow nell An tho ny。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权禾叽 1. What was the situati on of America n wome n like whe n Susa n was born? They had low social status. 2. 3. C. They

19、could vote after gett ing married. They man aged money for their husba nds. They were res pon sible for decisioi- maki ng. 考查 细节理 解。根据第 二段中 的“At that time , women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children wer

20、e made by the fathers.Women could not vote”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低 下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。 What is the third p aragra ph mai niy about? C. Susa ns teach ing exp erie nces. Susa ns educati onal backgro und. Susa ns efforts to abolish slavery. Susa ns fight ing for wome ns causes. 考查段落大意。通读第三段尤其是Then she

21、 began organizing womens groups to promote causesthat were important to women.”可知, 本段主要讲述 Susan Brown ell A ntho ny为争取女权而斗争的情况,故D项正确。A项仅为细 节之一，无法概括该段大意；B项文中没有提及；根据第三段的“Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to women.” 可知，Susan Brown ell A nthony为争取女权而斗争，而不是为废除奴隶制而斗 争，故C项错误。 What does the word“ decision ” in the fourth paragraph refer to? P romoti ng the social moveme nt. Changing