定语从句(Ⅱ)(关系副词(when,where,why)

1、定语从句(n)(关系副词(when, where, why )以及介词+which/whom引导的定语从 句)1.由关系 副词(when, where, why)引导的定语从句。关系副词用法例句注意whe n其先行词是表示时间 的名词，如 time ,day ,hour, year 等，when代替先行词 在从句中作时间状语I still remember the day whe n 1 first met him.我仍然记得第 一次见到他的那一 天。若时间名词后面的定语从句 的引导词在从句中作主语或 宾语，则改为 which或that.Eg: This is the day (whic h/

2、 that )he will never forget.where其先行词往往是表示 地点的名词，如place, room , house ,street , area 等，where 代替先行词在从句中作地 点状语I visited the farm where a lot of cows were kept.我参观了 那家养了好多奶牛 的农场。若地点名词后面的定语从句 的引导词在句中作主语或宾 语，则改为which或that.Eg : This is the place (which / that )he visited before.why常用在先仃词reas on后，代替先行词在从 句

3、中作原因状语，也 可用 for whichI dont know the reas on why he looks unhappy today.我不 知道他今天看上去 不咼兴的原因。若reason后的定语从句的引 导词在从句中作主语或宾语， 则改为which或that.Eg: I don believe the reason (which /that )he gave me.2. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句在介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom,不能用that.先行词指物时，用 which;先行词指人时，用 whom.1) 介词选择的三原则： 介词根据从句中

4、谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定。This is the book on. which I spent 5 yua n.This is the book for which I paid_5 yua n.This is the book from which I learned a lot.This is the book about which Tom ofte n talks. 介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定。I remember the day on_which I joined the party.I remember the days during which I lived here.I

5、remember the mon ths in which I stayed there. 介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定。My computer, without which I can play computer games, crashed yesterday.昨天我的电脑(系统)瘫痪了，没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。2) 介词可后移，此时关系代词可省略(省略时介词必须后移)。This is the book for which you asked.这是你要的那本书。This is the book （which / that you asked for.3）在“介词短语+关系代词”结构中，若

6、介词短语表示位置，则定语从句往往用倒装语序。常用的这类短语有：at the foot of, at the back of, in front of , on the top of 等。They stayed in a big hotel, i n front of which was a garde n.他们住在一家大旅馆里，旅馆前面有一个花园。4） “名词（代词，数词）+介词of+关系代词”所引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从 句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。The buildi ng has bee n repaired, the roof of which was destroyed

7、 aga in in the big fire. 那座大楼曾经修复过，但在大火中，楼顶又被烧毁了。5）“介词+whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰其后的名词。Shes the very pers on in whose pocket I found my lost pocket.她正是我在她口袋中找到我丢掉的手表的那个人。3.关系代词与关系副词的选用定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下两种方式判断:用法依据根据从句谓语动词是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词：是不及物动词则 用关系副词根据先行词在从句中作 的成分把先行词放进定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作 状语则用关系副词Th

8、is is the factory where he used to work.这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。（work是不及物动词）This is the factory tha t / which I visited last year.这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。（visit 是及物动词）Is this the museum （that / which）you visited a few years ago?这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺少宾语）Is this the museum where the exhibiti on was held?这就是举办展览的那座博物馆吗？（从

9、句缺少地点状语）Exercises:1. I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB. AfterC. AsD .Since2. Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chanee of havingheart disease than those don t.A. who ; /B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /; /3. Where did you get to

10、know her?It was on the farm we worked.A. thatB. there C. which D. where4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wan ted to buy it.A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. n either of them5. He was educatedat the local high school,he went on toBeijingUniversity.A. after whic

11、hB.after thatC.in whichD. in that6. All the neighbors admire this family the parents are treating their child like a friend.A. whyB.whereC.whichD. that7. The house I grow uphas bee n take n dow n and replaced by an office buildi ng.A. in itB. inC. in thatD. in which8. Gun con trol is a subject Ameri

12、ca ns have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which9. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that10. The n ewly built caf , the walls of are pain ted light gree n, is really a peaceful placefor us, espec

13、ially after hard work.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which11. The old templeroof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.A. whereB. whichC. itsD. whose12. The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what13. It was April 29, 2011 Prince William and Kate Middle

14、t on walked into the palace hallof the weddi ng ceremony.A. thatB. whe nC. sinceD. before14. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that15. A bank is a placethey lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back whe n itbegi ns

15、to rain.A. whe nB. thatC. whereD. there16. It is the third time that she has won the race, has surprised all of us.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what17. In our class there are 46 stude nts, half wear glasses.A. i n whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them18. The air quality in the city, is show n in the repor

16、t, has improved over the past twomon ths.A. thatB. itC. asD. what19. Maria has writte n two no vels, both of have bee n made into televisi on series.A. themB. thatC. whichD. what20. The Gate of Fort une, from top visitors can enjoy a won derful sea view, will attractlots of visitors.A. whichB. whose

17、C. whereD. its21. The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. whatI ve become good friends with several of the students in my schoolI met in theEn glish speech con test last year.A. whoB. whereC. whe nD. whichIt is said that many people are worried abou

18、t the year 2012, they think the earthwill be destroyed by disasters.A. whe nB. whereC. asD. whichI have n ever heardstories.he told.A. such; whichB. such; asYesterday we went to visit the farm _A. in whichB. thatC. such; likeD. so; thatmy father used to work for n early ten years.D. whichC. where22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.A. thatB. in whichC.不填is announced in todays paper, they have succeeded in accord ing to the new theory. A. ItB. ThatD. all of abovesolving many problemsC. WhatD. AsThe days are gon