whatever用法

1、whatever，whoever，whichever，whenever，wherever, however 用法归纳一、引导状语从句它们都可用来引导状语从句 （ 让步状语从句 ），其大意为“无论什么 （是谁、哪一个、什么时 候、什么地方、如何 ） ”等，相当于英语中的 no matter what （who, which, when, where, how） 。如：Whatever No matter what you say, I believe you.无论你说什么，我都相信你。Whoever No matter who telephones, tell them I m out. 不管是

2、谁打电话，都说我出去了。Whichever No matter which day you come, I ll be pleasedto see you.无论你哪天来，我都欢迎。Whenever No matter when you come, you are welcome.你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。We found the people friendly wherever no matter where we went.无论我们走到哪里，我们都发现人们很友好。However No matter how much he eats, he never gets fat.无论他吃多少，他都不发

3、胖。注：有时从句谓语可用情态动词： 无论他在哪里，我都要找到他。 正： I ll find him, wherever he is. 正： I ll find him, wherever he may be.无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。正： Keep calm, whatever happens.正： Keep calm, whatever may happen 另外， whoever 的宾格也是 whoever, 而不是 whomever, 后者在现代英语已基本不用，有的词典已不收录此词。如：Whoever you marry, make sure he can cook.不管你跟谁结婚，他

4、一定要会做饭才行。二、引导名词性从句除引导状语从句外， whatever, whoever, whichever等还可引导名词性从句 （ 主语从句或宾她要他做什么，他就做什么。我想到什么就说什么。谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。 请想要这票，我就把它给谁。哪个队得分最多，哪个队就赢。我们当中无论哪个先到家，哪个就先语从句 ) 。如：He does whatever she asks him to do.I will just say whatever comes into my mind. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.I ll give th

5、e ticket to whoever wants it. Whichever team gains the most points wins. Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 开始做饭。如：三、用于加强语气 有时用于加强语气，含有“究竟”、“到底”之义。Whatever What ever do you mean? 你到底是什么意思 ?Whenever When ever did you find time to do it?你什么时候有空做这事Wherever Where ever can the children be?孩子

6、们究竟会在哪里呢Whoever Who ever told you that? Whichever Which ever did you choose? However How ever did you escape?到底是谁告诉你的呢 ? 你到底选了哪个 ? 你到底是怎样逃出来的 ?No matter+ 疑问词”与“疑问词 ever ”用法透析1. “ No matter 如： no matter （无论哪一个）+疑问词”意为“无论”、“不论”，用来引导让步状语从句。whichwho / whom （无论谁）， no matter what （无论什么）， no matter no matt

7、er how （无论怎样）等。如：You are always welcome no matter where you are. 无论在何地，您总是会受到欢迎的。No matter what may happen, theyve decided to leave this evening. 不管发生什么事，他们已决定今晚离开。No matter who you may be, you have no right to do such a thing. 不论你是谁，你都无权做这样的事。No matter when my motherland needs me, I will go without

8、 hesitation. 无论什么时候，只要祖国需要我，我都会毫不犹豫地出发。No matter how hard it may be, I will carry it out. 无论此事有多难，我都会去做。2. “疑问词 ever ”相当于“ no matter + 疑问词”， ever 本是一个加强语气的词， 加在疑问词后面作后缀，不仅使疑问词的语气加强，而且变为具有让步意义的一个复合词， 可用于引导让步状语从句。例如：Whoever （ No matter who ） breaks the law, he should be punished. 无论谁违反法律，都应该受到惩罚。Whate

9、ver you do, you must do it well. 不管做什么事，你都要做好。Whatever problem you have, turn to me. 不管你有什么问题，都可以找我帮忙。She is willing to help you, however busy she is. 无论多忙，她都愿意帮助你。Wherever he is, he will be thinking of you. 无论在哪儿，他都会想着你。3. 虽然“ no matter 疑问词”和“疑问词 ever ”都可以用来引导让步状语从句，但 后者的用途更广，这类词（ whoever, whatever

10、, whichever, whenever, wherever 等）还 可用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间或地点状语从句等。例如：Whoever comes to the party will receive a gift. （主语从句）来参加晚会的人都会收到一份礼物。比较： Whoever comes to the party, he will receive a gift.（让步状语从句）= Nomatter who comes to the party, he will receive a gift.无论谁来参加晚会，都会收到一份礼物。You can take whichever boo

11、k you like best.（宾语从句）你可以拿走你喜欢的任何一本书。Whenever we see him, we speak to him.（时间状语从句）每当我们见到他时，我们都跟他说话。一、注意从句的时态由no matter what/who/where/when 引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。如：Nomatter who you are, you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。二、注意被修饰的名词、形容词以及副词的位置no matter what/whose/which 修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后； no matter how

12、修饰形容 词或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。如：No matter how hard he works, he findit difficult to make ends meet.无论他多么努力工作，却总是入不敷出。三、注意“ no matter+ 疑问词”结构与“疑问词 +ever ”在用法上的区别1. “no matter+ 疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever ”互换。如： No matter where he may be( =Wherever he may be ) , he will be happy.他无论在什么地方都快乐。2. 而“疑问词 +

13、ever ”还可以引导名词性从句。如： Give this book to whoever likes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。 (这里不能用 no matter who 。)3. whoever 既可引导名词性从句，又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等； whomever 也可引 导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。如：You may invite whomever you like.4. whatever 表示“无论什么”，没有一定的范围限制； whichever 表示“无论哪一个、无 论哪些”，其后可接一个名词。如：Eat whichever cake you like.巩固练习：1.

14、 team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter what B. No matter whichC. Whatever D. Whichever2. we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Whichever3. Doctor Godwin says that what forceful argument

15、s against cigarettes there are, many people insist on smoking.A. though B. however C. no matter D. even if4. In peace, too, the Red Gross is expected to send help there is human suffering.A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever5. , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However la

16、te is he B. However he is lateC. However is he late D. However late he is6. Could you do me a favor?It depends on it is.A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever7. The old tower must be saved, the cost.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her int

17、erests.A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who9. You can eat food free in my restaurant you like.A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however10. much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.A. How B. Whatever C. However D. What 参考答案：15 DCCDD 610 CBCAC however 用法详解一、考点描述 ho

18、wever 是高考英语中一个十分重要的考点，近几年来每年的各省考题均有所涉及。请看两 道典型高考真题：1. You should try to get a good night s sleep much work you have to do.A. howeverB. nomatterC.【分析】答案选 A。 however 作连接副词时，与 no matter how 相当，后接形容词或副词， 意为“无论” “不管”。 句意是：不管你有多少工作要做， 你都应该好好休息一个 晚上。2. He tried his best to solve the problem, difficult it w

19、as.C.A. however B. no matter whatever D. although【分析】答案选 A。因difficult是形容词，修饰形容词要用连接副词however(无论如何,不管多么 ) ，引导一个让步状语从句。二、用法详解不管 however 以何种形式出现在高考题中，它都不外乎以下两种用法。1. 用作副词(1) 表示让步：意为“无论如何”“不管怎样”，用来修饰形容词或副词，其词序为：however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。这样用的however其实具有连词的功能，用以引导让步状语从句。如：Phone me when you arrive, however late

20、it is. 也要打。however much he eats, he never gets fat. however cold it is, he always goes swimming.你到达之后就给我打电话，不论多么晚不管他吃多少，他永远吃不胖。不管天有多冷，他都去游泳。不管你力气有多大，也休想搬动不管有多远，我今晚也要开车到You wont move the stone, however strong you are. 那块石头。however far it is, l intend to drive there tonight 那儿去。用于此用法时，请注意以下几点： 此用法属 ho

21、wever 所有用法中最重要的考点，同学们务请引起高度重视。 这样用的 however 与 no matter how 大致同义。如：People always want more, however no matter how rich they are.人总是富了还想再富。however No matter how hard I worked, she was never satisfied.无论我多么努力地工作，她从来没满意过。 有时从句谓语可用情态动词。如：Dont laugh, however funny it may be.无论多么有趣也不要笑。无论多么难，我也要按时完I ll tr

22、y to finish it in time, however hard it may be.成。 “ however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”有时可以有所省略。如:I refuse, however favorable the conditions. 不管条件如何有利， 我都不干。 (conditions 后省去了 are)Id rather have a room of my own, however small (it is), than share a room.无论房间多么小，我宁愿一个人住一间，而不愿意与别人合住一个房间。A grammar rule, however true

23、(it is), is useless unless it can be understood. 条语法规则，不管如何正确，除非能懂，否则毫无用处。(2) 表示转折： 尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时，表示转折，其意为“可是”“仍然”等。可 放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。如：My father, however, did not agree.但是，我父亲不同意。My room is small; however, its comfortable.我的房间很小，但却很舒服。He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however.他说情况如

24、此，可是他错了。注： however 不能像 but( 但是 ) 那样直接连接两个句子 ( 注意正句中的标点符号 ) 。如： 我们都已尽了最大的努力，不过我们还是输了。误： We all tried our best, however we lost the game. 正： We all tried our best, but we lost the game.正： We all tried our best; however, we lost the game.正： We all tried our best. however, we lost the game.(3) 表示惊奇或强调：相

25、当于 how ever 的用法，其意为“究竟怎样，到底以什么方式”。 如：however did you get here without a car? 没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢 ?however does he manage to write music when he is so deaf? 他聋成这个样子，究竟是 怎样从事作曲的呢 ?2. 用作连词用作连词，引导方式状语从句，表示“无论以何种方式”“不管怎样”。如： however it may be, I shall take your word.无论如何，我将会相信你的话。however I approached the probl

26、em, I couldn t find a solution.这一问题我不管怎 样都无法解决。无论你怎么个走法，至少要这张画不论怎么看都显得不对劲。however you travel, it ll take you at least two days.两天时间。The painting looks wrong however you look at it.三、命题切入点(尤其是词序 ) ，考查它与其他相似词语等在用法和意义上的区别。如：高考以 however 切入命题的可能性主要有两个方面：1. 直接考查 however 的用法。如考查其句型结构whatever, whenever, whe

27、rever, whichever, whoever(1) rich one may be there is always something one wants.A. whatever B. Whenever C. however D.Wherever【分析】答案选 C。 however 用于修饰形容词 rich ，在意义上相当于 no matter how(2) We should report any incident, .A. however serious or minor it isB. how serious or minor is itC. it is how serious o

28、r minor D. it is however serious or minor【分析】答案选 A。however引导让步状语从句时的语序为however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”。(3) I say, he always disagrees.A. howeverB. whateverC. WhicheverD. Whoever【分析】答案选 B。 whatever 在此用作动词 say 的宾语，在意义上相当于 no matter what。(4) she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.A. WhereverB. h

29、owever C. WhicheverD. Whoever【分析】答案选 A。根据句意可知，说话者强调的是地点，故用wherever。2. 用 however 作为干扰项进行考查。如：An awful accident , however occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to【分析】此题正确答案应选B,句末的the other day 意为前几天”，所以句子应用过去时态，而选项 D不合题意，故选 B。此句有两个难点：一是句中插有however 一词，分散了同学们的注意力；二是所填选项B为许多同学所不熟悉的强调用法。whateve

30、r, whoever, whichever 引导名词性从句1. whatever 引导的名词性从句Whatever的意思是所的一切事或东西”，可视为 what的强调说法，其含义大致相当于anything that ， whatever 在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语：Whatever he did was right.无论他做什么都是对的。Give them whatever they desire.他们想要什么就给他们什么。I will just say whatever comes into my mind.我想到什么就说什么。Goats eat whatever (food) they can find.山羊找到什么 (食物 )就吃什么