5.2重点句型语法剖析-高二英语上学期人教版选修六同步复习全攻略含解析

1、重点句型语法剖析1. be about towhe n【教材原句】I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as brightas day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。【方法规律】be about towhen意为正要 这时 ”，其中when相当于at this/that time , 类似的句式还有 be doingwhen 正在做 突然 ” ；had donewhen 刚做完 这时(那 时)”。例如：(1) The sports meeting was about to begin when it

2、rained heavily.运动会刚要开始，这时天开始下起了大雨。(2) 1 was readi ng when he broke in.我正在读书，他突然闯了进来。2. 独立主格结构【教材原句】The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for laterstudy, but this being my first experie nee, I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两个人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究的岩浆，但是我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们

3、。【方法规律】(1)this bei ng my first experie nee为独立主格结构，在句中作状语，相当于原因状语从句。独立主格结构本身不是一个完整的句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。(2) 独立主格结构的构成方法如下： 名词/代词+动词-ing形式，如：Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from adista nee.黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。 名词/代词+过去分词，如：The workers wo

4、rked still harder, their livin 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。高中英语 名词/代词+动词不定式，如：The two boys said goodbye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to his friend s . 两个男孩彼此道了别，一个回了家，另一个去了他朋友家。 名词/代词+形容词，如：An air accide nt happe ned to the lane, n obody alive.那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 名词/代词+副词，如：The lights of

5、f, we could not go on with the work.灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。 名词/代词+介词短语，如The hun tsma n en tered the forest, gun in hand. 那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。特点 独立主格结构的逻辑主语和句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 独立主格结构中的名词或代词与后面的动词-ing形式、过去分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系。 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。即学即练把下列句子变为独立主格结构Because there was no bus, we had to take a taxi to

6、go to the stati on.t, we had to take a taxi to go to the stati on.(2) The guide led the way, so we had no trouble gett ing out of the forest.t, we had no trouble gett ing out of the forest.(3) Whe n ni ght came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.t, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.(4) Whe

7、n all the guests were seated, they bega n their dinner.t, they bega n their dinner.【答案】(1) There being no bus(2) The guide lead ing the way(3) Night coming on(4) All the guests seated【解析】本题主要考查独立主格结构四、重点语法突破动词-ing形式动词-ing形式由动词原形+-ing构成。动词-ing形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、 宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。动词-ing形式的时态和语态时态/语态主

8、动语态被动语态一般式doi ngbeing done完成式havi ng donehav ing bee n done否定式在doing前面加not即学即练1. The party will be held in the garde n, weatherA. permitt ing【答案】A。B. to permitC. permittedD. permit【解析】考查现在分词的独立主格结构。句意：如果天气允许，聚会将在花园举行。此处主句的主语Prty 和wither不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结枸。另外 weather与penult 之间是王

9、动关系，故用现在分i司。2. An importa nt decisi onmore on emoti on tha n on reas on, you will regretit sooner or later.A. basedB. bas ingC. baseD. to base【答案】Bo【解析】根据base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。3. Sarah prete nded to be cheerful,no thi ng about the argume nt.A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. say ing【答案】Do【解析】考

10、查非谓语动词。句意： Sarah假装开心，对那次争论什么也没说。A和B项是谓语动词形式，句中没有连词，故排除；C项是作目的状语，而句中是伴随状态，故选Do4. Sit dow n, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired,on your feet.A. to keepB. keep ingC. hav ing keptD. to have kept【答案】Bo【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Emma你坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。A项to keep是表示将来。C项 having kept 和 D项 to have kept 表示动作先发生。make

11、 yourself more tired与 keeping on your feet同时进行，故选 B。5. Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleanedand polished.A. lookedB. to lookC. looki ngD. to be looki ng【答案】Co【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：皿氏在他屋子外的大街上发现了他去失的汽车，看上去刚擦得干干渤轨 还打过蜡。A项looked是谓语形式，但句中没有连词j B项不定式to look和D顼to be looking如果舌

12、结 果，那只能由M宓执行这个动作，与题意不符孑C项looking表明车子的特性，作伴随状语，故选G6. Bats are surpris in gly Ion g-lived creatures, somea life spa n of around20 years.A. havi ngB hadC. haveD. to have【答案】Ao【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：令人惊讶的是，蝙蝠是长寿的动物，有些能活20年左右。had和have是谓语动词形式，题中没有连词，无法并存两个句子。to have表将来；having表伴随，因此，选 Ao7. More highways have been

13、 built in China, it much easier for people to travelform one place to ano ther.A. mak ingB. madeC. to makeD. havi ng made【答案】Ao【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国修建了越来越多的高速公路，人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it，说明是主动关系，排除B;不能选择 C的原因是to do做目的状语，不符合句意；答案选择A,表示结果。8. Do you wake up every morningen ergetic and ready to start a new

14、 day?A. feelB. to feelC. feeli ngD. felt【答案】Co【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天早上醒来后，你是否感到精力充沛，并为新的一天作feel。to feel表将来，与好了准备？ wake up作句子的谓语，句中没有连词，排除谓语动词wake up组成一先一后的动作关系，felt 作为过去分词表被动，与you这个逻辑主语矛盾,故选C，feeling 作伴随状语。9.around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. Gatheri ngD. T

15、o begatheri ng【答案】Co【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：游客们围绕在火堆旁边，与当地人一起跳舞。gather 的动作由the tourists执行，用主动形式，并与dance同时进行，故选 C,表示伴随情况。10. Whe n we visited my old family home, memory cameback.A. floodi ngB. to floodC. floodD. flooded【答案】Ao【解析】句意：当我们参观我的老家时，记忆又涌上心头。根据与memory是主谓关系，故用现在分词作方式状语。11. Joh n has really got the job because he showed me the official letterhim it.A. offeredB. offeri ngC. to offerD. to be offered【答案】Bo【解析】非谓语动词。offer的逻辑主语为空格前名词letter，根据句意，两者语态为主动关系，且表伴随，故选B。12.A. Havi