初中被动语态讲解与练习

1、暑假英语上课讲义初中英语被动语态小结一.语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：语态和语态0如果主语是动作的执行者要用语态;如果主语是动作的承受者，则用语态。二.被动语态构成：1 .般现在时：am/is/are + done2 . 一般过去时：was/were+ done3 . 一般将来时:will/shall be + done4 .现在进行时：am/is/are being + done5 .过去进行时：was/were being + done6 .现在完成时：have/has been + done7 .过去完成时:had been + done8 .情态动词

2、： must / may / might + be done.三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）this bridge was founded in 1981这座桥竣工于 1981（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如:the glass was broken by mik破璃杯是迈克打破的。this book was written by him.这本书是他写的。your homework must be finis

3、hed 0ntime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态 句子中动词的时态来决定 be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：all the people laughed at him.he was laughed at by all people.they make the bikes in the factory.五、含有情态动词的被动语态一含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由情态动词+be

4、+过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被 动语态后to仍要保留。we can repair this watch in two days. this watch can be repaired in two days.they should do it at once.it should be done at once.六、特殊情况1 .不及物动词无被动语态。what will happen in 100 years. the dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2 .一些动词如sell（销售），wash（洗）,clean（打扫

5、），burn（燃烧）,cook（煮）等与副词如well（好）,easily（容易 地），perfectly（十分地）等连用，描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语 +动词+加副词。例如： the book sells well.这种书很畅销。these clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。3 .使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式（make hear notice see let庄动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态 时，须加上to 。he let daming do his homework 一 daming was let to do his howerk.he saw da

6、ming do his homework f daming was seen to do his homework.4 .主动表被动：1、need, want, require（要求，需要），deserve得，值得），be worth 值得），not bear（经 不住）后面接doing主动表被动。the book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。the old building requires repairing.这座古建筑需要修了。5、系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste（吃起来）,sound所起来），prove（证明是）,feel（摸上去

7、感到），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）等,例如：your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来彳艮合理。good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦 口。6有些动词可以带双宾语在用于被动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to he gave betty a book.7. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。we can t laugh at him. fhe can t be l

8、aughed at byeusstens to the radio every day.fthe ralistened to by him every day. the nurse is taking care of the sick man.fthe sick man is beingcare of by the nurse.初中英语被动语态专项练习()1 the peoples republic of china on october 1, 1949.a. found b. was founded c. is founded d. was found() 2 english in cana

9、da.a. speaks b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken()3 this english song by the girls after class.a. often sings b. often sang c. is often sang d. is often sung()4 this kind of car in japan.a, makes b. made c. is making d. is made()5 new computers all over the world.a. is used b. are using c. are

10、 used d. have used()6 our room must clean.a. keep b. be kept c. to be kept d. to keep()7 -id like to buy that coat.-im sorry. a. it sold b. its selling c. its been sold d. it had been sold()8a new house at the corner of the road.a. is building b. is being built c. been built d. be building()9 the ke

11、yon the table when i leave.a. was left b. will be left c. is left d. has been left()10 doctors in every part of the world.a. need b. are needing c. are needed d. will need()11 his new book next month.a.will be published b. is publishing c. is being published d. has been published ()12 japanese in ev

12、ery country.a. is not spoken b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is not speaking()13 these papersyet.a.have not written b. have not been writtenc. has not writtend. has not been written()14 the sports meet be held until next week.a. didnt b. wont c. isnt d. doesnt()15 -my shoes are worn out.a. cant they

13、 be mended? b. let me have a look at it.c. how much do they cost? d. cant they mended?()16 the watch been repaired yet? i badly need it.a. does b. has c. is d. are()17 these desks be needed?a. will b. are c. has d. do()18 why to talk about it yesterday?a. didnt a meeting hold b. wasnt a meeting held

14、c. wasnt held a meeting d. a meeting wasnt held()19 who was the book?a. write b. wrote c. written d. written by()20 where these boxesa. was b. were c. is d. am()21 the flowers often.a. must be water b. must be watered c. must watered d. must water()22 the books may for two weeks.a. be kept b. be bor

15、rowed c. keep d. borrow()23 the broken bike here by mr smith.a. can mend b. can mended c. can be mend d. can be mended()24 the old bridge in my hometown next month.a.is going to be rebuilt b. will rebuiltc. are going to be rebuilt d. are going to rebuilt()25 the play at the theatre next sunday.a. is

16、 going to be shown b. will shownc. will show d. is shown()26 the old stone bridge next week.a.is going to be rebuilt b. will be rebuildc. are going to be rebuilt d. will rebuild()27now these magazines in the library for a long time.a. have kept b. are keeping c. have been keeping d. have been kept (

17、)28the potfor hot water.a.used; keepingb. was used; keepingc. is used; to keep d. are used; keep()29tea in the south of china.a. grows b. is grown c. were grown d. will grow()30 the bridges two years ago.a. is built b. built c. were built d. was built()31 wet clothes are often up near a fire in rain

18、y weather.a. hang b. hanged c. hanging d. hung()32 the river smells terrible. people must dirty things into it.a. be stopped to throw b. be stopped from throwingc. stop to throw d. stop from throwing ()33 the teapotwater.a. is filled with b. filled of c. fulling of d. filled()3401d people must be lo

19、oked after well and politely.a. speak to b. spoken c. speak d. spoken to ()35 old people must.a. look after wellb. be looked well afterc. looked well afterd. be looked after well()36 newly-born babies in hospital.a. are taken good careb. are taken good care ofc. take good care ofd. take good care()3

20、7 they were at the sudden noise.a. frightening b. frightened c. frighten d. frightens ()38these walls stone.a.are made of b. made of c. are made into d. made into()39 jane to sing us an american song last saturday.a. called b. was asked c. told d. was said()40 the papers to them.a. were shown b. sho

21、w c. shown / d. have shown()41 the coat her sister.a. made to b. were made for c. was made for d. was made to()42 i five minutes to decide whether i should go or not.a. gave b. was giving c. had given d. was given ()43 good care such things.a. should take of b. should be takenc. should be taking d.

22、should be taken of ()44she will good care.a. take; of b. be taken; of c. take; for you d. be taken; of you()45the teacher made him his homework.a. to do b. do c. did d. done()46 the boy streets without pay in the old days.a. was made to clean b. made clean c. made to clean d. was made clean ()47 the

23、se children dance.a. were seen to b. were seen for c. were seen d. saw to()48 thesestones well.a. are fitted b. fit c. fits d. is fitted()49 the bike 500 yuan.a. was cost b. costed c. cost d. is costed()50 the important meeting on a cold morning last year.a. was had b. was held c. held d. had()51 great changes in the past ten years in china.a. took place b. have taken place c. were taking place d. hadtaken place ()52 you cant use the computer, it.a. was broken down b. is wron