九年级英语专题复习

1、新目标英语79年级总复习讲练结合宝典初中英语复习专题（1）名词名词的数 (单数和复数)1、可数名词的复数a、规则变化 1. 一般在名词末尾加-s。 如：pear-pears desk-desksgerman-germans（德国人） 2. (a). 以字母-o结尾的有生命的名词末尾加-es。如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes (b) .以字母-o结尾的无生命的名词末尾加-s。 如：photo-photos piano-pianos zoo-zoos radio-radios 3. 以字母-s，-sh，-ch，-x等结尾的名词末尾加-es。

2、 (ce; se; ze; (d)ge 等结尾的名词直接加-s)如：class-classes watch-watches box-boxes dish-dishes 4. (a), 以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，变-y为-i,再加-es。如：dictionary-dictionariesfamily-families baby-babies city-cities factory-factories (b), 以元音字母加-y结尾的名词，直接加-s。 如：key-keys boy-boys day-days monkey-monkeys5. 以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词，变-f或-fe为-v，

3、再加-es。如：half-halves leaf-leaves thief-thieves knife-knivesself-selves wife-wives life-lives shelf-shelves 但：scarf-scarves(fes) roof-roofs(屋顶)b、不规则变化： manmen; womanwomen; policemanpolicemen englishmanenglishmen; frenchmanfrenchmen; childchildren; footfeet ; toothteeth; mouse(鼠)mice 但注意以下几点：1). 单复同形:

4、people-people; fish; chinese; japanese; sheep(绵羊); deer(鹿) ; 2). 合成名词，即名词修饰名词，只变后面的主体名词 如：apple tree-apple trees girl student- girl students 但男人，女人除外，都要变，即由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 如：man doctor men doctors woman teacher-women teachers3). “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面.如： chinese-chinese japanese-jap

5、anese; englishman-englishmen frenchman-frenchmen american-americans australian-australians canadian-canadians korean-koreansrussian-russians indian-indians german-germans4). 表示学科的一些名词，如 politics（政治），physics（物理）,maths (数学)，news (新闻)等， 通常视为单数。 如：politics is difficult to learn.5). 集合名词具有复数含义，要当作复数看待。 如

6、：people（人们），police（警察），clothes (衣服)， glasses (眼镜) 如：my clothes are newer than yours. the police are looking for the missing boy.6) “数词+名词+形容词”的复合形容词，中间的名词只能用单数。 如： an eight-year-old girl（一个八岁的女孩）7) .可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。 how many are there in your pencil-box?

7、(knife) 2. 不可数名词 不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; grass ;food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 应特别记 medicine, news, work, homework, housework, money, weather,wood. 不可数名词应注意以下几点：1). 前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语时

8、常看成单数.2). 常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词。 eg. there is some_ on the plate. b a. apple b. fish c. milks d. deer 3). 常用a piece of, a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义， bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：two pieces of bread 请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示， 如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples 例： 1、

9、these two pieces of bread _over there.(be) 2、could i have three _,please？ a.piece of bread b. piece of breads c.pieces of bread d.pieces of breads 3. 名词的所有格：名词s (意思是 “的”) a. 有生命的名词所有格，一般在后面加“s” 但注意：childrens day 1) 表示两者或两者以上共有的所有格，只需在后者加“s” 如： lucy and lilys father 露西和莉莉的父亲2) 表示两者或两者以上，分别有的所有格，则分别加“

10、s” 如： lucys and lilys fathers 露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.3) 以s结尾的名词只加“ ” 如. 1) .the boys books 2) .james father 3).teachers dayb. 无生命的名词所有格用of来构成 如. the leg of the deskc. 双重所有格：.名词+of +所有格；.名词+of +名词性物主代词 a friend of my fathers a friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( )d. 表示时间、距离、路程的所有格，一般在词尾加“s”，如： two weeks holiday；

11、 todays news e. 可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors 去医务室。 练 习一、写出下列词的复数 1. book_ 2. bus _ 3. orange _ 4. baby _ 5. boy_ 6. knife_ 7. watch_ 8. chinese_ 9. tooth _ 10. leaf _ 二、选择。( ) 1.in our school there are fifty-five _. a. women teachers b. woman teachers c. women teacher d. womans te

12、acher( ) 2.mum, im quite thirsty. please give me _. a. two orange b. two bottles of orange c. two bottles orange d. two bottles of oranges( ) 3.i have got _ news from my friend. do you want to know? a. a very good b. any c. a piece of d. two pieces( ) 4._ room is on the 5th floor. a. lucy and lily b

13、. lucy and lilys c. lucys and lily d. lucys and lilys( ) 5.every morning mr. smith takes a _ to his office. a. 20-minutes walk b. 20 minutes walk c. 20-minutes walk d. 20-minute walk( ) 6.this is james allan green. we can call him _. a. mr. green b. mr. allan c. mr. james d. james green( ) 7.jack an

14、d tom are _. a. good friends b. good friend c. a good friend d. good a friend( ) 8.its only about ten _ walk to the nearest post office. a. minutes b. minutes c. minutes d. minute( ) 9.he often has _ for breakfast. a. two breads b. two piece of breads c. two pieces of bread d. two pieces of breads(

15、) 10.mrs. green has two _. theyre very bright. a. childs b. child c. childrens d. children( ) 11.what did the headmaster say about jims _. a. two months holiday b. two-months holiday c. two-month holiday d. two months holidays( ) 12.i wont go there with you, for i have a lot of _ to do. a. works b.

16、job c. work d. working( ) 13.li lei is a friend of _. a. i sister b. my sisters c. me sister d. my sister of( )14.have you read _? a. todays b. today paper c. the todays paper d. todays paper( ) 15.how many _ are there in the room? a. boxes b. box c. boxs d. boxxes( ) 16.many _ have been built in ou

17、r city since 1987. a. factorys b. factories c. factoryes d. factorys( ) 17.there are lots of _ in the basket on the table . a. tomatos b. tomato c. tomatoes d. tomatoss( ) 18.the cat caught two _ last night. a. mouses b. mice c. mouse d. mices( ) 19.jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday after

18、noon. a. tooths b. tooth c. teeth d. toothes( ) 20.the three _ will be put into prison. a. thiefs b. thief c. thieves d. thiefs初中英语复习专题（2）冠词1、不定冠词a, an 与数词one 同义，是一个的意思。不定冠词a, an 只用于可数名词的单数前。 a用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母前 eg. a book；an用于元音开头的单词或字母前. eg. an apple a useful book a “u” an hour an “f” ju:sful ju: au

19、ef . 用在序数词前表示又一;再一时。如: i want to read the story a second time 我想再读一遍这篇小说。. 一日三餐前有修饰语时。如: -oh, what a wonderful lunch! -i enjoy it very much. 不定冠词用于某些短语中。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / have a cold /have a try /2、定冠词the(1). 特指某人/某物 the book on the desk i

20、s mine.(2) 表示双方都知道的人或物的名词前：take the medicine.(3) 在上文提到过的人或事的名称前： he bought a house.ive been to the house.(4) 指世上独一无二的事物的名词前： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级前，及形容词only，very，same等前面 e.g. where do you live? i live on the second floor. (但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the) he is

21、 my first english teacher.(6) 用在专有名词或江河、湖泊，海洋等名词前。如：the great wall(长城)，the peoples park(人民公园)。(7) 用在姓的复数前，表示 “某一家人”或“某夫妇二人”，即： the+姓的复数 如：the greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)(8) 用在乐器名词之前：she plays the piano. / the little girl likes to play the violin.(9) 与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。(10) 在表示.世纪.年代

22、的结构之前 he began to learn russian in the 1950s. 但注意:in ones 50s意为在某人五十多岁时。如:he looked quite healthy though he was in his 80s.(11) 在比较级的两种句型中: 表示越 .,就越.时。如: the lighter, the better. 越轻越好 。 表示两者中比较.时,用定冠词。如: there are two books on the table. i like the thicker one.(12) 在方位名词之前，如：in the west on the west(

23、13) 在某些短语中in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow,the day before yesterday, the next morning,in the sky,in the dark,in the rain,in the middle (of),in the end, by the way,（定冠词：特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。）3、不用冠词的几种情况：1) .名词前有物主代词、指示代词、所有格时，则不能再用冠词the 如：our books, this pen2)

24、 不可数名词前一般不用冠词。如: he likes milk.3) . 复数名词表示一类人或事物时。 如： i like elephants. 在季节、月份、星期、节日、 假日、日期等表示时间的名词之前，不用冠词； we go to school from monday to friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。5).在颜色语种和国名，人名, 地名, 称呼习语及头衔前不用冠词，如： it is red. china, mr. wang.6). 在一日三餐名词前如： have breakfast （但：当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词. 如：he went to school a

25、fter he had a quick breakfast. 7). 在球类运动名词前 如：play chess （但：表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the 如： play the violin / piano ）8）学科名词前 如;we study chinese.9）在by + 交通工具的短语里，如：shall we walk or go by bus? 我们乘车还是步行 ?10）某些固定词组中。如: at home, go to school, on time, on foot, after class, in style.11）在某些固定词组中，是否有冠词，意义不同。如： in hospita

26、l住院，in the hospital在医院里 in bed在卧床，in the bed在床上 in front of在.（外）前面，in the front of 在.（内）前部（不用冠词：代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。） 练 习( )1.there is _ “s” in _ word “bus”. a. a ; a b. an ; the c. a ; the d. an ; a( )2.maths is _ useful subject. you cant drop it , i think. a. an

27、 b. a c. the d. /( )3._ bad weather it is! a. how b. what a c. how a d. what( )4.what color is _ orange? -its _ orange. a. an; an b. an ; the c. an ; / d. / ; an( )5.mr. li is _ old worker. a. an b. a c. some d. /( )6.look at _ picture! theres _ house in it. a. a ; a b. the ; the c. a ; the d. the;

28、a ( )7.one morning he found _ handbag. there was _ “s” on the corner of _ handbag. a. a ; an ; the b. a ; a ; the c. a ; a ; a d. the ; an ; a( )8.what _ interesting story it is! a. a b. an c. the d. /( )9.meimei is _ best student in her class. a. a b. an c. / d. the( )10.tom is _ kind boy. all _ st

29、udents love him. a. a ; / b. a ; the c. an ; / d. an ; the ( )11.smith is _ honest man. a. a b. the c. an d. /( )12.mary is _ cleverer of the two girls. a. the b. a c. an d. much( )13._ young must look after _ old. a. the ; a b. the ; the c. a ; a d. a ; the( )14.kate sometimes plays _ violin(小提琴) a

30、nd sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper. a. / ; the b. the ; / c. the ; the d. / ; /( )15.theres _800-meter-long road behind _hospital. a.an,an b.a, a c.an, the d.a, the 初中英语专题（3）代词（1） 指示代词： 1.指示代词有this , that , these , those. this , that一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用 that apple ( ) that meat ( ) 2

31、. this/ these 指较近的人或物。如：this is a book. these are her pens. 3. that/ those 指较远的人或物。如：that car is her. 4. this, these 可指代前面提到的事。如：this is what i did. 5. 在比较级中,为了避免重复，常用that或those来替代前面提到过的人或物， that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，those指代复数名词。 the weather in sichuan is not so hot as that in guangzhou. 注：that 或those可指代前面

32、提到的名词，如: the population of shanghai is larger than that of lang zhong the tvs made in beijing are as good as those made in chengdu. 6. 打电话时，常用this代替“我”，用that代替“你”。 如：this is ann speaking. who is that?(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词1. 人称代词: 主格: 单数 i 、 you 、he 、 she 、it 复数 we 、you 、they 宾格: 单数 me 、you 、him 、her 、it

33、 复数 us 、you 、them 人称代词的主格作主语，宾格作宾语 eg. 1) i thank you 2) you thank me. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为：“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”。 如：you, she and i all enjoy the music. 注: it 的特殊用法 (1). 通常it表示人以外的单数事物，译为“它”。但有时it 也指不知性别的婴儿或不知性别的人。 where is your book?-it is over there. the baby is crying.it might hungry. who is it? (2). it 也可用

34、来表示天气、时间、距离等，还可用作形式主语或形式宾语，但不译为“它”. how hot it is today! its five oclock. its easy for you to answer the question.(作形式主语) she found it very difficult to learn math.（作形式宾语） (3) one 也可以代替前面提到的可数名词，单数用one,复数用ones. one 是同类事物，但不是同一件。而it是指前面提到的同一件事物，表特指。this apple is bigger than that one. i dont like the

35、black shoes. give me the red ones.the box is in the middle of the room.move it away,please.2. 物主代词: 形容词性 my 、your 、 his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their 名词性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs (1). 形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，后需接名词。 (2). 名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个形容词性物主代词+名词。 如：these books are

36、nt ours. ours are new. (这里ours=our books) (3). of+名词性物主代词表示所属 如：a sister of his 他的一个妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 3. 反身代词: 单数： myself 、 yourself 、 himself 、herself 、itself 、 （某人自己；亲自） 复数： ourselves 、yourselves 、 themselves 反身代词的常见搭配： enjoy oneself=have a good time (过得很愉快) by oneself=alone (单独、独自) help

37、oneself to (随便吃/喝 些.) look after oneself 照顾自己 learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自学) say to oneself 自言自语 （三）不定代词 1) some与any 一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句（但some还可以用于表示委婉语气的疑问句，此类句型常以could , would，should开头等） could i have some apples? would you like some meat? 2) many + 可数名词复数 = a lot of : 许多 (

38、即可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词）much + 不可数名词 （但a lot of不能用于否定句） 3) few , a few ; little , a little few，几乎没有，表否定； a few，几个、一些，表肯定； 后接可数名词复数 little，几乎没有，表否定； a little，一点儿、少许，表肯定；后接不可数名词 .the story is easy to read. there are _new words in it. few .hurry up! there is_ time left. little4) everyone / anyone 都不加of 只指人；

39、every one ，即可指人又可指物，后可接of. no one 不加 ofnone of( )_ of us wants to read the book. a. everyone b. every one c. nobody d. no one -b 5）other ,another , others单数复数泛指another三者以上的另一个定语主语、宾语othersomeothers特指onethe other一个另一个the others =the other+复名(另外的人或物).we study _ subjects besides chinese. .may i have _

40、apple ?.these cups are clean. _ are dirty. .i have two pens. one is red , _ is blue. other ; another ; others ; the others we should learn from each other(说明we指两个人) they help one another (说明they指三个人以上)6) .both “（两者）都” ,作主语时，看作复数；作定语时，后跟名词复数。 either “两者中的任何一个” ,作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时，后接单数名词。 neither “(两

41、者)都不”,含有否定意义，用法同either。 如：they both swim well. both of them swim well. there are trees on both sides of the street. = there are trees on either side of the street. neither of us is going to beijing next week. neither answer is right. 7). all “(全部)都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。 none “没有”表示三者

42、或三者以上都不，后常接介词of, 既可指人又可指物，of后可接复数可数名词或代词，作主语时谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可；of后也可接不可数名词，这时谓语动词必须用单数形式。 还可用来回答how many / how much提出的问句。 如： we are all from canada. = all of us are from canada. none of us is/are afraid of dogs.（单、复数均可） how many people are there in the park? none.没有人。注：.both 否定 neither； all 否定 none .bot

43、h , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither , none作主语为单数， 但none of + 复名，neither of + 复名( )1._ of my parents is a teacher. a. none b. neither c. both d. all -b ( )2.there are many trees on _ side of the river. a. both b. any c. either d. all -c no onenobody，只指人；表示“没有人”,后面不接of短语。no one作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。 还可用来回答

44、who的问句。例如： no one/nobody likes a person with bad manners.没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。 - whos in the classroom? 谁在教室里？- no one. / nobody. 没有人在教室里。 nothingnot anything，只指物，表示“没有什么（东西）”。它们不可与of连用，作主语时谓语动词只 能用单数。可用来回答what的问句。 如：nothing is found on the table.桌子上什么也没有。 whats in the box ? nothing. 8) each: 两者或两者以上的每一个，后可接

45、of, each other (两者的)相互 every: 三者或三者以上的每一个，不能直接跟of. every one ._ student in the class likes english. ._ of the students studied hard. every ; each 9) . another +单数名词, “再一个，又一个” ， another +数词+名词复数，“再几个，又几个” ， 相当于“数词+more+ 名词(单、复数)” one the other “一个，另一个”， 如：i have two pens.one is red, the other is bla

46、ck. some others 一些另一些， the other +复数名词 = the others “其他的人或物”（指确定范围内剩下的全部）， others 泛指“别人”， 如： he often helps others. 10). 不定代词: something, anything, nothing. 当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时，形容词常放在不定代词的后面。 如：something new theres _ in todays newspaper. 中考题 a.important anything b.important something c.anything important

47、 d.something important 练 习( ) 1._office is much smaller than _. a. ours ; yours b. our ; yours c. theirs ; our( ) 2. “help_ to some meat.”my uncle said to me . a. themselves b. yourself c. yourselves( ) 3. there are twenty teachers in our school. eight of them are men teachers and _ are women teache

48、rs. a. others b. the others c. another( ) 4.there isnt _ paper in the box. will you go and get _ for me ? a. any ; some b. any ; any c. some ; any( ) 5.who teaches _ french? a. we b. our c. us( ) 6._ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in it. a. each ; every b. every; each c

49、. every; every( ) 7.sorry, i cant answer your question. i know _ about the news. a. a little b. little c. few ( ) 8.would you like _ cup of tea? a. other b. the other c. another( ) 9.the two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _. a. other everything b. anything else c. everything else.( ) 10._ of his parents is a teacher. a. both b. neither c. none( ) 11.the river is very dirty. _ people go to swim in it. a. few b. a few c. little( ) 12.a friend of _ came to see _ yesterday. a. his ; his b. he ; him c. his ; him( ) 13.you can