高中英语Unit4Wildlifeprotection全员探究新人教版必修2

1、unit 4 wildlife protection全员探究warming up1. as a result, many of them have died out.结果，许多物种消亡了。 as a result 要点导航 as a result结果是，作为结果。固定词组，在句中作状语，后面可跟介词 of ， as a result of意为“因为，由于的结果”。例如：he made one big mistake, and_, lost his job.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。insanfrancisco,fourhundredpeoplewerekilled_theearthquake

2、 在旧金山有四百人由于地震而死亡。 思维拓展 result作为动词常与from 和 in 搭配，注意其含义：result from因产生，源自。例如：nothing has resulted from his efforts.他的努力终成泡影。the terrible fire _.那次可怕的火灾因他的粗心大意引起。result in导致，造成。例如：the accident resulted in three people being killed.这次事故造成三人死亡。 短语 as a result结果，因此as a result of因为，由于的结果without result毫无结果，

3、徒劳with the result that为此，因此 学以至用 （ 1） my friendtom was verysickwitha strangefever;_,he couldneither eatnor sleep.a as a resultb after allc any wayd otherwise 解析 as a result表示“结果是”； afterall表示“毕竟”； anyway 表示“无论如何,总之”； otherwise表示“否则；要不然”。根据句子意思，答案为a。（2）it s his laziness that _ hisfailure in the last

4、exam.a. resulted from b. resulted in c. led intod. brought in 解析 result from因产生，发生；result in导致，造成； bring in生出、产生或挣得（利润，收入） 。答案为b。 die out 要点导航 die out:disappear completely灭绝。例如：many animals have died out in the past在过去几年间，许多动物都灭绝了。this species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroy

5、ed.由于栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种正濒于灭绝。 思维拓展 die out, die away, die down, die off用法辨析：die out“灭绝，消失”。多指物种的灭绝或风俗、习惯的消失，强调动作的结束。1例如： this kind of plant has already died out.这种植物已经绝种。die awaysomething, especially a sound becomes less strong and then comes toa complete stop慢慢消失。（多指声音、光线、风等）逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失。强调过程。例如：the w

6、ind had died away by dusk.黄昏时分风停了。he hid behind the door until the footsteps had died away他一直躲在门后边，直到脚步声（完全）消失。die down （多指火、兴奋、光线、暴风雨等）逐渐变弱、平息，逐渐暗淡，逐渐降低。表示过程，常可与die away替换。例如：the flames finally died down.（也可用die away ）火焰越来越小，最后熄灭了。die off（多指家族、草木）相继死去，先后死亡。例如：the leaves of this plant are dying off.

7、这植物的叶子正在凋落。2. there has been some progress in saving endangered wildlife in china.中国在挽救濒于灭绝的野生动植物方面已经取得了一些进展。 要点导航 endangered adj.濒危的，濒 临灭绝的。是动词endanger的过去分词形式，用作分词形容词。例如：the whale isan endangered species.鲸鱼是一种濒于灭绝的动物。你还知道哪些其它濒于灭绝的物种呢？_ 思维拓展 endanger vt.危害，使受到危险。例如：the health of our children is bein

8、g endangered by the polluted air.我们孩子们的健康正受到被污染的空气的损害。that one mistake seriously endangered the future of the company.仅那一个失误就严重地危及了公司的未来。3. loss of bamboo growing areas.竹子生长区域的丧失。 要点导航 loss uc丧失，遗失；损失；减少，降低。例如：he reported the loss of his car to the police.他向警察报案他的车丢了。he suffered_ on the business.那笔生

9、意让他损失了10000 美元。 思维拓展 lose (lost, lost) vt.迷失；丢掉；失败；损失；迟。例如：she has_ _ _ her work.她对工作已经失去了兴趣。he _ _ _in the snowstorm.他在暴风雪中迷失了路。we lost the match.我们比赛输了。my watch hardly loses a second a day.我的表一天几乎慢不到1 秒钟。 问题探究 你知道下面这个句子怎样翻译？we were at a loss what to do.提示： 我们不知道该怎么办才好。at a loss是一个固定词组， “困惑，不知所措” 。

10、lost adj.迷失的；丢失的。 =missing=gone丢失的骆驼 _迷路的小孩 _that ship was lost at sea._he was lost in thought._4. about 30 60 after being left in peace with no hunting2在确保可以安稳地生活，不允许人们对它们（华南虎）进行捕猎之后，大约生活着30到 60 只华南虎。这是一个省略句，相当于there are about 30 60 south china tigersafterbeingleft in peace with no hunting. 要点导航 in

11、 peace和平地，和睦地，安静地（常与with 搭配）。the two communities live together in peace.这两个社区和平相处。they simply cant seem to live _each other.他们好像 就是不能和睦相处。i wish you d leave me in peace-i ve got work to do.我希望你不要打扰我我有工作要做。 思维拓展 peaceu和平；宁静，安静；和睦，和谐。例如：after years of war, the people long for a lasting peace.历经多年战乱之后，

12、人民渴望永久和平。the countries have been_ for more than a century.这些国家和平共处已有一个多世纪。she lay back and enjoyed the peace of the summer evening.她轻松地躺着，享受夏日傍晚的宁静。 问题探究 你说出 peace 构成的常用短语吗？提示： in peace和睦的，安详的at peace处于和平状态；平静地make peace 讲和，议和peace of mind心境的安宁make peace with sb.与和解hold ones peace保持缄默5. why are they

13、 in danger of disappearing?它们为什么面临消失的危险呢？ 要点导航 in danger在危险中，病危。in danger of“有危险”。例如：she was sick and in danger.她已病危。his life was in danger=he was_ _ _ losing his life.他有生命危险。how many workers are in danger of losing their jobs?有多少工人可能失业？ 问题探究 下面这两句话有何区别？ 老虎濒临危险（要采取措施保护老虎）。_ 这是只危险的老虎（即要采取措施预防老虎，以免受其害

14、）。_reading1.the chair began to rise.椅子开始起飞了。 要点导航 rise (rose, risen) vi.上升，起床，增加，增强。例如：the water in the river rose a lot after the rain.雨后河水涨了许多。they rose from the table.他们从餐桌旁站起身。his voice rose angrily.他气得提高了嗓门。the river has_河水上涨了好几英寸。 思维拓展 rise和 raise用法辨析：rise是不及物动词，使用较广，可指日月、物价、数量、河水、地位等“升起，增长，3上

15、升”， 还可以指人“起床，起立”等。其过去式、过去分词为rose/ risen。例如：prices are rising steadily.物价不断上涨。he has risen to the position of manager.他已升至经理职位。raise 是及物动词， 可用于被动语态。 可以指工资、 数量、价格、 荣誉、地位等的 “提高，举起，抚养，筹募” 。其过去式、过去分词为 raised/raised 。he was raised from clerk to manager.他由职员被提升至经理。i plan to _to set up a school.我计划筹募资金建一所学校

16、。 问题探究 你会翻译下面这两个句子吗？ i m going to ask for a rise. a girl came in, with a rose in her hand.两词的变化形式如下：rise_raise_2. she turned round and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身来，看到一头羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。 要点导航 with a sad face looking at her是介词 with后面跟有名词作宾语，其后又跟有动词的 -ing 形式（现在分词）作补语，我们称 其为 wi

17、th 的复合结构。该结构在句中常作方式状语、伴随状语及定语。例如：they shouldnt leave the workshop with themachines still_.在机器还运转着的情况下，他们不应该离开车间。（伴随状语）we are sure to find her house with the old man_ the way.有那位老人带路，我们一定能找到她的家。（方式状语）the student with a cap on his head is our monitor.戴帽子的那个学生是我们的班长。 （定语） 思维拓展 with的复合结构是一个很常用的结构，作补语的除了

18、是现在分词以外，还可以是形容词、副词、过去分词、介词短语、动词不定式等。例如：the children fell asleep with the window_.窗子还开着孩子们就睡着了。he left the room with the light still _.没关灯（灯还亮着）他就离开了房间。with our work finished, we can have a rest.既然我们的工作做完了，我们可以休息了。the teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand.老师拿着一本书走进了教室。3. our fur i

19、s being used to make sweaters like yours.我们的毛被用来制作像你穿的那种毛衣。be being used to do正在被用来做。是be used to do的进行时态形式。 要点导航 注意辨别use(d) 构成的常用结构的用法：be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事” 。 be used as被用作。例如：the old building is now being_ a store.那所旧房子现在正被用作仓库。the knife_ _ _ _ pencils.这把小刀是用来削铅笔的。4used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”

20、 ，指过去经常性的、习惯性的行为或状态，而现在已不复存在， 只表示过去， 不可指现在或将来。其否定形式为didn t use to do sth.或 usedn t to do sth.；一般疑 问句，可以把 used放在句首，或用助动词did；反意疑问句的附加问句用did或 used 。例如：they used not to live in this city.他们过去不住在这个城市里。he _so thin.他以前不这么瘦。used you to go there?你过去常常去那儿吗？there used to be a tree here,_ _?以前这儿有一棵树，是吗？you used

21、 to swim in this river in summer,_ _?以前你夏天常在这条河里游泳，不是吗？be used to sth./doing sth.表示“习惯于某事/ 做某事”，to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词，但不可跟动词原形。例如：she has been used to the weather here.她已习惯这儿的天气了。i m used to_ to my office.我习惯步行去办公室。you will be used to the city life.你会习惯城市生活的。 问题探究 你知道怎样翻译下面这个句子吗？you will soon get used

22、to living in our ways.提示 ： 你很快会习惯于我们的生活方式的。be used to sth./doingsth.中的 be可以换用 get, become, grow等连系动词，表示一个慢慢习惯的过程。4. the tour companies applied to be allowed to hunt some for a fee, which made a lot of money for the farmers.旅游公司申请，希望获准作有偿捕猎，这样农民就可以赚很多钱。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，which代指前面句子的内容, 前后两句有因果关系。他昨

23、天上课来晚了，这使老师很生气。_比较： that s better, but i d like to as the wwf suggests.这样比较好。不过，我还想按照世界野生动物基金会（wwf）的建议来帮助你们。 要点导航 apply vt.vi. 申请，请求。apply to do申请做apply to sb向某人提出申请apply (to sb) for sth（向某人）申请i have applied to go abroad for further study.我已经申请出国深造。i applied to four universities and was accepted by

24、all of them.我申请了四所大学，全都录取我了。i want to_ the job.我想申请这项工作。 辨析 apply for, apply to, applyto （ 1） apply for 申请。例如：she is applying for an entrance visa.她正申请入境签证。（ 2） apply to sth适用于、运用于。例如：the principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。the rules of safe driving apply

25、toeveryone.安全驾驶规则适用于每个人。5（ 3）apply to 把应用于。例如：you cant apply this rule to every case.这个规则并不能适用于所有的情况。 思维拓展 applicant n.申请人an applicant for申请的人application n.申请，应征；适用applied a.应用的，适用的applied chemistry应用化学 学以至用 he decided to _for a position in the publishing house after hegraduated from the university.

26、a. applyb. affordc. offerd. find 解析 apply for申请 ;afford提供 ,给予 ,供应得起 ;offer提供 ,出价。答案为a。5. that s better, buti d like to help as the wwf suggests.这样比较好。不过，我还想按照世界野生动物基金会（wwf）的建议来帮助你们。 要点导航 suggest vt.建议，提议（所接从句用虚拟语气）。用法如下：suggest vt.建议，提议（所接从句用虚拟语气）。（ 1） suggest + doing建议。例如：may i suggest doing it in

27、another way?我建议换一种方式做这件事如何？（ 2） suggest sb/sb s doing sth建议某人做某事（不说suggest sb to do sth）。例如：he suggested our going for a walk.他建议我们去散步。我建议李刚今年入党。_（ 3） suggest sth to sb向某人提议。 （不能说suggest sb sth）例如：they suggested another shop to us.他们向我们建议了另一家商店。（ 4）suggest (to sb) that-clause ( 向某人 ) 建议。（所接从句用虚拟语气：

28、sb +should+ 动词原型， should 可以省略）例如：she suggested that we（ should ） have lunch at the new restaurant.她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。我建议李刚今年入党。_suggest vt.暗示，表明。（ 1） suggest sth暗示、表明。例如：that girls sun -tanned face suggests excellent health.那个姑娘被太阳晒黑了的脸表明她身体非常健康。（ 2） suggest + that-clause暗示、表明。例如：her expression sugges

29、ted that he had told a lie她的表情表明撒了慌。（ 3） suggest sth to sb使某人想起。例如：an idea suggests itself to me. _ 思维拓展 suggestion, advice, proposal均作“建议”讲，所接同位语从句和表语从句也要用虚拟语气。例如：my suggestion is thatwe (should) go to the cinema together.我建议我们一块儿去看电影。my advice is thatyou (should) stay here for another week.我建议你在这儿

30、再待一个星期。he gave me an suggestion thati should go to shanghai for a holiday.他建议我明年去上海旅游。 学以至用 （ 1）the parentssuggested _ in the hotelroom but theirkids were anxiousto camp out during the trip.（ 2006 上海春招）6a. sleepb. to sleepc. sleepingd.having slept 解析 suggest doing sth建议干某事。答案为c。(2)recently quite a l

31、ot of experts _ that another law on wildlife protection_ as soon as possible.a. suggested; must be passed b. have suggested; be passed c. were suggesting; was passed d. suggested; being passed 解析 suggest (to sb) that-clause表示 ( 向某人 ) 建议时 , 后边的从句用虚拟语气, 即(should)+动词原型。答案为b。6. this protects me from mos

32、quitoes.这样做可以使我免受蚊虫叮咬。 要点导航 prote ct from 后接较小的事情或危害，例如：frost,harm, catchingcold 等。protect against 后接较大的事情，如战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。he is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他正戴着太阳镜以免受强烈的阳光的刺激。you must learn to_ the danger.你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。 思维拓展 keep sb from doing sth, prevent/stop sb

33、 (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事keep sb doing sth使某人一直干某事defend from/against保卫以抵御 辨析 defend, protect, guard和 preserve 。defend保卫；防护； 防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。protect常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard含有看守的意思；preserve指采取措施维护、保 护、保存。she had to defend herself against the guard dog.她不得不防备看门狗咬她。a policeman was guarding the e

34、ntrance to the embassy.一位警察正看守大使馆出口处。it is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。 学以至用 put on more clothes so that you can _ yourself _cold.a. prevent, from b. protect, from c. defend, from d. protection, from 解析 preventsb from doingsth 防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keepsb from

35、 doingsth ； protect sb from sth保护某人免遭伤害；defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思） 。答案为b。7. it contains a powerful drug whish affects mosquitoes.它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。 contain 要点导航 contain vt.包含；能容纳。不能用于进行时态。例如：that box _.那个箱子里装了那个孩子的玩具。the hall can _.这座礼堂可以容纳2000 人。 思维拓展 con tain和 include辨析：contain指包含者是某物的组成部分。例如

36、：the book contains a lot of illustrations.这本书中有很多插图。7sea water contains salt.海水里含有盐。include“包括，包含”。侧重指包含者是整体的一部分。例如：he had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。the united kingdom includes northern ireland and wales.联合王国包括北爱尔兰和威尔士。included和 including。 included放在被修饰

37、词的后边；including放在其前。price $14.90, postage included.价格 14.90 美元，邮资包括在内。we 10 people including tom,_ _ admitted into this university.包括汤姆在内，我们十人已经被这所大学录取。 学以至用 his new book which _ 10 chapters_ allthe informationyouneed.a. contains; includesb. including; containsc. includes; containsd. holds; includes

38、解析 include“包括，包含”，侧重指包含者是整体的一部分；contain指包含者是某物的组成部分。答案为c。(2) affect 要点导航 affect vt.影响，感动，侵袭。smoking affected his health greatly.吸烟极大地影响了他的健康。they were all _.他们都感动得流泪了。effect n.效果；影响；作用 辨析 affect和 effect辨析affect是及物动词，表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即“感动”。effect表示“影响”时，是名词，常用于 have

39、an effect on等短语中。 短语 have an effect on对有影响in effect正在实行；实际上side effect副作用take effect开始实行；开始生效without effect没有效果come into effect生效，实施bring/carry sth into effect使生效be of no effect无效果的the old system is still in effect.旧制度仍有效。he is, in effect, my rival.实际上他是我的竞争对手。the medicine quickly took effect.药很快见效了

40、。 学以至用 a vastarea northof china _by the firstheavy snow of the new year ，causing difficulties to the post-festival road transport.a were affectedb was affectedc had effectedd has affected 解析 affect为动词，意思是“影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。答案为 b。8. it might help you if you pay attention to the rain forest

41、where i live and understand h ow the animals live together there.如果你重视我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的，那可能对你有好处。 要点导航 pay attentionto注意，留意，当心。to为介词，后面跟名词或动名词。例如： please pay attention to what i m saying.请注意听我讲的话。he paid no attention to me.他没留意我。8 短语 pay attention to注意，留意，当心give attention to注意attention, pl

42、ease!请注意 !stand at attention=attention!立正！draw/attract/catch/get ones attention to sth吸引某人对某事的注意fix/focus ones attention on sth将注意力集中于某事turn/direct ones attention to将注意力转向devote one s attention to专心致志于 学以致用 niagara falls is a great tourist ,drawing millions of visitors_every year.a attention b attra

43、ction c appointment d arrangement 解析 本题考查词组draw one s attention,所以答案选b。 思维拓展 除了 pay attention to以外，你还知道哪些包含介词to的动词短语？object to（反对）devote to （把献给）get(be)used to（习惯于，适应）get down to（开始做）look forward to（期待，盼望）belong to（属于）lead to（导致）stick to（坚持）point to（指向）refer to（查阅 ,提到 ,谈到） ,see to （负责 ,注意）using lang

44、uage1. they lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。 long before 要点导航 long before 当 before是副词时，相当于long ago“很久以前” ，多用于过去时或过去完成时态中。例如：they left their hometown long before.他们很久以前离开家乡的。she said that she had known your name long befor

45、e.她说她早就知道你的名字了。 当 before是连词时，后面接句子，表示“在前很久，要过很久才” 。多用于过去时态或将来时态。例如：it will be long beforethe train arrives.要过很久火车才能到达。it was not long beforeshe got everything ready.不久，她就把一切都准备好了。i have known him long before he came here.在他来这儿以前很久我就认识他了。 long before也可以跟名词、动词的-ing形式。例如：he left long before eleven.他在十一

46、点之前很久就离开了。 思维拓展 before long和 long before辨析：before long 意思为“不久，很快，一会儿以后” ，相当于 soon, after a short while ，多用于将来时或过去时态中。例如：he will arrive here before long.他很快就会到达这儿。_ _he had to move on again because of political reasons.由于政治原因，过了不久，他不得不继续搬迁。we have seen that film_ _.我们早就看过那部电影了。 学以至用 he said that it w

47、ill not be long _ he came back.9a. since b. until c. before d. after 解析 it will not be long before表示“不久，就”。答案为c。 问题探究 你知道怎样翻译下面的句子吗？it was quite some time before he opened the door. come into being 要点导航 come into being形成，产生。例如：we don t know when this world came into being.我们不知道这个世界是何时开始存在的。 思维拓展 come into effect生效，实施come into use开始使用come into power上台； 执政2