8.状语从句讲稿汇总

1、状语从句 1. 时间状语从句 2. 地点状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 条件状语从句 5. 让步状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 结果状语从句 8. 方式状语从句 9. 比较状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1.引导词： 1) as/while/when/ whenever/before/after/ since/ as soon as / until (till)/not until, 2) every time /each time /by the time /next time /the first/second /last time the moment/the minute/ the

2、 instant /instantly/ immediately /directly / hardlywhen, scarcely when, barely when; no sooner- than (一就) 2.具体用法区别： 1）连接词 when 的用法小结 when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为 当的时候”从句的谓语 动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。 When the film ended, they went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. .When常用于下列句式：意为 就在那时/

3、正在突然”女口： was doing something* when was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. whegn had doneg when . When 可以表 “既然 ”，如： How can you learn anythingwhen you never listen to me? 2）连接词 while 的用法 .while可用来引导时间状语，意为当的时候”；引导的从句谓 语动作必须是持续性的. Please donttalk so loucWhile others are working. .while作为并列

4、连词，意为而，却”表示对比。 I am dressed in whitewhile Mary is dressed in blue. .趁的情况赶紧做，否则来不及了 ” Strike while the iron is hot. Study hardwhile you are young , or yo regretwhen you are old. while也可用来引导 让步状语，意为 尽管，虽然”相当于although 必须放于句首. While I admit that he is not perfect, I still want to make friends with him.

5、3）连接词as的用法小结 .as可用来引导时间状语，意为一边一边”；随着 She sang as she walked home all the wa一边一边） She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music. As time went by, the weather got cooler（. 随着） .as也可用来引导原因状语从句意为 因为” As she is free today, she would like to go shopping因为） 尽管 正如 .as还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为 T

6、ired as he was, he refused to take a rest. 尽管） Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot. . as 引导定语从句 such /the same 修饰，关系代词 as 4).连接词 when, while, as的用法区别： when, while, as这三个连词都可表示 当的时候” when 可表示一个时间点 /也可一个时间段 。 When he came in, we were having supper. When we w

7、ere having supper, the light suddenly went out. while 只表示一个时间段 / 并且时间状语从句中的时态常用进行时 态。 When/While he was eating breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep. as 则强调 主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行 ; 也可表示 随着”，。 She sang as she walked along. As the election approached, the viole

8、nce暴 行） got worse. 5)till, until和 not until: .until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为 某 动作一直延续到某时间点才停止 ”。 We waited until/till he came. 用于 否定句 时， 主句谓语动词是短暂性动词 ，意为 “某动作直到 某时间才开始 ”。 He wont go to beduntil her father comes back. .not until在强调和倒装中不能分开并且强调句不倒装 It was not until you told me that I had any idea o

9、f it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. 6）连接词 before 的小结： . We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land 才 . We hadn t run a mile before he felt tire（不到就 . Please write it down before you forget 趁着还没 . Before I could get in a word, he had measured m还没来得及 before 固定句型结构 It

10、 will be+段时间+ before 还要过多久才 It will be two years before he leaves the country. It was +段时间+before从句（动作已发生）过了多久后就 It was three weeks before he came back It will not be long before不多久就会 It wont be long before he comes back It was not long before 不多久就了” It wasnt long before he left the country. 7)since

11、引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为自从”主句常用现在完成 时，从句常用一般过去时。 It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从 句 “自从 有多长时间了 ” It is three years since she was in the army. 她退役三年了 延续 否定 It is three years since she joined the army. 她当兵三年了 It is three years since I smoke我不吸烟三年了 It is three years since I began to smok我.吸烟三年了。 8）B

12、y By the end of this tern,主句现在完成 By the end of last terr，主句过去完成 By the end of next tern,主句将来完成 二、地点状语从句 地点状语从句用连接副词 where （在地方）或wherever （在任何地 方 / 无论哪里 ） 引导。 a. Just stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. You can sit wherever you like. d. Wherever you go, I berilgl ht here

13、waiting for you. 三、原因状语从句 1. 引导词： because, since, now that, as,for和 considering tha鉴于 就-而言, seeing that鉴于 由于 因为”这七个连词都用于表示表示原因，但 在语气上一个比一个弱。In that因为except that除了 （美中不足） 2具体用法区别： 1）because表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由。它的语气很强，因 而常用来回答why的提问。 He didncome to school yesterday because he was ill. 2）since常表示对方已经知道的既成事

14、实，说话人根据这个事实得出 某一种结论。其语气比because要弱，一般译成 既然”。女口： Since it is very beautiful here, why not stay for a few more days? 3）as常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上， 语气较弱，常译成 由于”。女口： As itsgetting darker, we must go home now. 4）for只是一个并列连词，用 于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释， 对主句进行附加说明。不可出现在句首。 It must have rained last night, for the

15、ground is wet He didn t come to schxrndausehe was ill. 表示 直接”原因。 He might be ill,forhe didn t come to scho表示 间接的推断”原因. 四、条件状语从句 1. 引导: if, unless （除非）=if not 考点之一 ）,as / so long as只要）, on condition that只要）, once （ 一旦）,in case 假使）,providing / provided conj（that）只要 在条件下 2. 注意： 在条件，时间状语从句 中，用一 般现在时表示一般

16、将来时 。 在 since 引导的时间状语从句中， 动词一般都用一般过去时， 而主句 常用现在完成时 。 You can play the game you finish your homework firsotn. condition that 只要 五、让步状语从句 1. 常用引导词： As ,though, although, even if, even though, no matter + 疑问词 (what/ who/ where/ when/ which/ how) 疑问词 -ever (whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however

17、, whichever) 2. 特殊引导词： as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装 )， while ( 一般用在句首“尽管” )， whether or ,whether ()or not 3. 注意事项： 1) though, although当虽然”讲,都不能和but连用. 但是他们都可以同 yet (still) 连用 . 2) ever if, even though“ 即使” 3) no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别： no matter wh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。 No matter when / Whenever he com

18、es back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，No matter wh不能。如: Whoever can help us will be welcome. No matter what you say is of no us Whatever you say is of no use. 4) as引导的让步状语从句必须将从句中的 表语，状语以及谓语中的 实意动词提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词 需省略。提前的词词性为n. adj. adv. v. 5) whether or ，whether o表示

19、)t不论是否, 不管是还是。 You ll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy. 6) while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为尽管”，语气比 though/ although弱。其引导的从句一般位于句首。 六、目的状语从句 1. 引导目的状语从句的连词： In order that/so that/in case/for fear that/lest In order that用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。 2. 具体用法区别： 1) so that a. 较常用，一般用于主句后，有时可分开，so有时可省；从句中

20、要有情 态动词，否则，就成为下一种句型： b. 无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。 2) in order that用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。 3) for fear that; in case; lest (以免)(should)+do a. We ll sit nearer the frootthat we can hear better. b I shall write it downiest I should forget. 注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用 so as to do 或in order to do He ran fastso thathe might ar

21、rive there before ten o clock. He ran fastso as to arrivdhere before ten o clock. 七、结果状语从句 结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so, so that, such thatp that等引导。 a. Soquickly did he rurthat I couldn t catch up with him. b The bus broke dowso thatwe had to walk home. c. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.

22、 d. He got to the station finally, only) find the train had left. 1) It is so good a story that I ll never forget it. It is such a good story that I ll never forget it. 2) such+ a +ad名 词 +that clause such+ (adj) +名词复数 3) so +adj./ad v. +that clause 4) so + many/few + 复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可

23、数名词 +that clause 八、方式状语从句 1、引导词： as, as if, as though, the way (that), in the way (that) a. We must doas the Party tells us. b Leave the thingas they are. c. Most plants need sunlighjtist asthey need water. d. It soundsas ifit is raining. e. They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他们以我从没见

24、过的方式行事。 f. As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水 九、比较状语从句 1. 常由下列词语引导： as as, not so / as morethan, less than, the more + adj. / adv., the more + adj. / adv. a. He is notso / ashealthyas his brother. b. They jumped up and dowas hardas they could. c. John iesscleverthan Peter. d. Th

25、e busier he is, the happier he feels. e. The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be. f. Send for a doctor as soon as (it is ) possible. 注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要 根据句子结构和句意来判别。以 where和as为例，能引导多种从句 1. You are to find it where you left it.地点状语从句) 2. Tell me the address where he live 定语从句，句

26、中有先行词) 3. I don t know where he came from.(宾语从句) 4. Where he has gone is not known yet.(主语从句) 5. This place is where they once hid.(表语从句) “ as用于不同的状语从句中 1. She sangis she worked. 2. Smartas he is ,he doesn t study hard. 3. You must try to das I did. 4. Shedoesn t do her work as carefully as I. 5. Asshe was late for class, she had to say sorry. 十