(完整word)小升初形容词副词讲义

1、形容词与副词1、理解形容词副词的意义教学目的2、掌握形容词副词的用法3、熟练掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级教学内容Homework优（） 良（）般、形容词、副词的概念什么是形容词、 副词呢？形容词：我们把用来 修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态。? 例:It s a red lantern.表特征）He isasleep .（表状态）Simba is a good lion.（表性质）（(1) 形容词通常用于 名词的前面。译为“的”She is a famous actress.她是位有名的演员。He is a warm-hearted man. 他是一

2、个热心的人。一个空箱子一个美丽的女孩一辆蓝色的小汽车a n ice watch 一只漂亮的手表an empty boxa clever boy 一个聪明的男孩a beautiful girlan in terest ing book一本有趣的书 a blue car(2) 形容词用在系动词后作表语。Monkey is smart.猴子很机灵。It s hot in summer.夏季， 天很热。You look fine .你们看上去很好。中间用原级。如:（3）asas （与一样），not as （so）as （与不一样）The story is as in teresti ng as tha

3、t one.The questio n is not as （so） difficult as that one.翻译：1、他和他的朋友Jim 样年轻。(young)HeasasJim.2、我跳得和Mike 样远。(far)Iasas Mike.oldyoungZhao Benshan is old.Zhou Jielun is young.形容词的反义词beautiful -ugly（美丽，丑陋）thick-thin （厚薄） big-small 大小 quick-slow 快慢 old-new 旧新 luck-uniuck 幸运，不幸运 good-bad 好坏 wild-strict广阔的

4、，狭小的start-stop 开始，结束 hot-cold冷 热up-down 上下 left-right 左右 black-white 黑白 importa nt-u nimporta nt重要，不重要形容词的反义词comfortable-uncomfortable舒适，不舒适sure-unsure 确信，不确定 thin-fat 瘦胖 long-short 长短 many-little多少much-few 多少 clever-foolish耳聪明蠢easy-difficult 容易 难 smooth-rough光滑粗糙friendly-unfriendly友好，不友好写出下列形容词和副词的

5、反义词? 1.fast?10.fat? 2.tall?11.cold? 3.heavy?12.dry? 4.empty?13.slowly? 5.fat?14.easily? 6.easy?15.little? 7.clean?16.few? 8.safe?17.good? 9.late?18.while100%&0%4副词：说明事情发生的 时间、地点、原因、方式 等含义的词，我们称之为副词。多用来修饰动词或 整个句子。（二八副词的用法：副词多用来修饰动词。1. 修饰动词小明幵心地笑了。Xiaomi ng smiles happily.2修饰形容词、副词小明真的很幵心。Xiao ming is

6、 really happy.3.表示事情发生的频率频率副词always usually ofte n sometimes hardly n everThey live happily. （hap pily快乐地，幸福地，修饰动词live）They are listening to the teacher carefully. （carefully认真地，修饰动词 listen）Don t speak loudly in class. （loudly大声地，修饰动词 speak）1时间now / fin ally /early5频度always / often/sometimes / n eve

7、r / seldom2地点here / n earby / outside 6疑问how / where / whe n / why3方式quietly / fast / slowly7连接how / whe n / where / why / whether4程度n early / very / rather8关系whe n / where / why（三）、形容词变副词1、部分形容词加-ly可以变成副词。如:slow形容词quickslowl-副词quicklyquiet happy carefully quietlyhappily carefully-）在形容词词尾直接加jO：caref

8、uI-carefuIly; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly（二）以辅音字母加戏吉尾的形容词要变y为I然后再加必JlO:busy-busily; angry-ang rily; easy-easi ly（三）畑结尾的词去e加M如:true-truly（四）以皑结尾的词去ejayojH:gentle-gently possible-possibly（五）其他以e结尾的词一律1毗$O:nice-nicely wise-wisely小试牛刀词形变换 1. easy（反义词）2 busy（比较级） 3. big（最咼级）4. hungry （比较级）

9、5. new（反义词）6. well（比较级） 7. worst（原级）8. red（比较级）卜 9. nice（最高级）10. little（比较级） 11 .China （形容词）12.cheap（反义词）名词形容词friend + lyfrie ndly友好的love + lylovely如：可爱的如:名词T形容词rain ) rainysnow cloud salt wi ndsn owy +y cloudysaltywindy下雨的下雪的阴天的咸的有风的练一练：1. Wi nter is a(cold) seas on of the year.2. This radio is not

10、 so(cheap) as that one.3. Please liste n to me(careful).4. The child doesn t(write) as(fast) as the students.5. I can swim as( fast ) as the fish, I think.三.形容iSk副词的比较级与最高 级MWKIKEIXKATiaNbigfbiggerbiggest（二）形容词、副词原型变比较级、最高级的规律1攧鈕构成方法比较级最高级1.般情况在词未尾加弋greatgreaterthe greatest和tstrongstrongerthe strong

11、est2以不发音字母弋结星.只finefinerthe finest.加才和-或nicenicerthe nicest久“箱元辅”结构的单词，须先bigbiggerthe biggest双写这个稱音字母，再加回和-hothotterthe hottestestthinthinnerthe thinnest4以辅音字母加Y结尾,变丫为i,happyhappierIthe happiestS*er.n-estheavyheavierthe heaviest5.多音节单词.在单词前面difficultmore difficultthe most difficulttDmore 和 mostslowl

12、ymore slowlythe most slovJy其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最咼级beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulin terest ingmore in terest ingmost in terest ingimportant（重要的）more importa ntmost importa nt原级比较级最咼级good （好的）well （ 好的）betterbestbad （坏的）ill （有病的）worseworstmany （多的）much （多的）moremostoldolder

13、 (elder)oldest (eldest)little (少的)lessleastfar （远的）farther (further)farthest(furthest)记忆小窍门:你来猜 合二为一有三对, 一分为二有两个,“病坏”“两多”与“两好”，一个“远”来一个“老”，还有一个双含义,只记“少”来别记“小”。猜猜看：引号内的分别代表什么?四、形容词、畐I词的比较级和最高级的用法1、形容词、副词的 比较级，用于两个同类的人或事物的比较，比较对象用than来连接oldolderZhao Benshan is old. Grandpa is older.Grandpa is older th

14、an Zhao Benshan .than比比较级+ than比更She is cleverer tha nthe other girls in the class.她比班里的其他女孩聪明。Bill is _ Tom.（old ）. 汤姆（Ton）比露西（Lucy）高。（tall ）2、形容词或副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或事物在某个范围内 “最”注意：形容词最高级前一定要用“the ”基本结构是：“ A+be+he+最咼级+范围”Yao Mi ng is the tallest in Chi nese basketball team.姚明在中国篮球队里最高。Cair

15、o is the city in Egypt. （big）. 约翰（Joh n）是班里最聪明的男孩。 （clever）、按要求写出下列单词的比较级和最高级l. good2.thin3.heavy4. happy5.long6.little7.far8.careful9.slowlO.wellll.low12. beautiful13.large14.famous15. delicious16.i nteresti ng17.importa nt18.cheap19.easy2O.high、根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空I. Jim works(hard), but his brot

16、her works(hard) tha n him.2.It s much(hot) today than yesterday.3. Mr Smith is the(rich) man in this office.4. This match is(excit ing) of the three.5. My mother is the(busy) in my family.6. Beiji ng is one of the(beautiful) city in Chi na.7. This book is(in teresti ng) tha n that book.8. Which goes

17、(quick), the bus or the car?9. Look! His hands are( big ) tha n mine.10. I thi nk you do these things( well ) tha n your classmates.11. Whose bag is( heavy ), yours or mine?12. Does Jim run as( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs( slow ) tha nthem.13. I m very( thin ), but she s( thin ) than me.14.

18、My eyes are(big) tha n(she).25. My brother is two years(old) tha n me.三、单项选择题1. Which subject do you like, maths or En glish?A.good B.better C.well D.best2. This red rose isof all flowers.A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful3. My book is n ewer than.A.he B.his C.our D

19、.we4. He isstude nt in his class.A.good B.better C.the best D.best5. Look! The beethan the bird.A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher6. His hens areand fat.A.big B.biggerC.biggestD.the biggest7.She knowsabout history tha n most people.A.more B.much C.mostD.ma ny8.It was really

20、anstory.A.afraid B.excitedC.excit ingD.worried9. Which city isfrom here, Beiji ng or Sha nghai?A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthestlO.This buildi ng isthat tree.A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as四、翻译句子：1. 谁比Jim年纪大？是你。isthan Jim ? are.2. 谁比David更强壮？是 Gao Shan.tha n David? Gao

21、Sha n.3. 谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。pencil is,or ？ is, I think.4. 你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。asas your un cle? Yes, I am.5. Less on One is in teresti ng. Less on Two is more in terest ing.(合并为一句话)Less on One isthan Less on Two.6. 她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。asastwin?No, tha n him.7. Ya ng Ling 每天睡得比SuYa ng晚。Yang Lingtotha n S

22、u Yang every day.8. He runs faster than any other people in the class.(改为同义句)He runsin the class.9. Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的，他和我跑得一样快。Tomtha n you? No, heasas.10. He isn t so tall as his father.(改为同义句)His fathertha n him.五、选择正确的词填空。Sarah is 12 years (old,older).She is one year(older,oldest) than me.ButI am 0.1

23、 meter(taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Guangzhou interationalShool.She studies the(harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.Yesterday ,shewas ill.She took some medici ne and she feels(good,better) now.参考答案:一 、 1.better/best2.th inn er/th inn est3.heavier/heaviest4.happier/happiest5.lon ger/l on gest 6.less/least7. farther/farthestfurther/furthest8.more careful/most careful 9.slower/slowest10.better/best11.lo wer/lowest12.more b