上海 牛津英语高三完型填空讲解含解题难点练习题无答案

1、上海高考英语 完形填空 分值：15分，共15题 解题技巧: 1、利用文章首句信息解题 完形填空首句甚至前几句话往往是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去了解文章的思路，而且它提供的信息可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。 【例题】The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. There are many reasons why parents choose home school

2、ing for their children. Some parents . Still other parents choose this type of for religious reasons. A. activity B. education C. behavior D. belief 【解析】通过选文的首句我们就不难推断：选文讲的是与家庭教育（home schooling）有关的问题。home schooling 涵义是什么？人们为什么要选择home schooling?这正是后面文章要讲的。而随后命题者所给第一个空格正是围绕home schooling来设置的，考生只要把握。 ）

3、B （education好了文章首句就可以轻松地选择2、利用前后逻辑关系解题 完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文给出某种线索来保 证空格所填答案的唯一 性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至全文的逻辑关系。文章的逻辑关系有列举、并列、因果、转折、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助连词或介词短语来设置选项。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。 【例题】 Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend s home or in a restaurant than they

4、 are at your own home ? Probably so, you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. A. because B. but C. unless D. though 【解析】你在朋友家或餐馆的用餐礼仪比在自己家里时要好，是因为你知道人们会据此来评判一个人的文明程度。 不难判断you are aware that people judge you by your table manners是前文的理由，两句是因果关系，故用连词A. because。 【例题】He had spent those

5、years well, graduating from college, completing two internships （实习）in Washington, D C, and , becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento. A. hopefully B. finally C. particularly D. certainly 【解析】由上文及全句的意思可知，在这儿是作者六年求学和工作的最后一个环节，表示毕业之后找到了一份工作，从预期上讲，应该是结论性的，所以唯有finally符合题意，选B。 3、利用上下文语境信息解题 选项重在语意干扰

6、，考生应具有通过上下文提示、暗示或铺垫，对篇章进行整体上的把握的能力。所以，快速浏览全文迅速领悟篇章主旨，通过上下文语境选择答案选项是解决完形填空的关键。 【例题】Our 1 challenge was to keep the rock mixture 2 enough. 1. A. next B. first C. past D. previous 2. A. cold B. wetD. cleanC. loose 【解析】短文前面提到第一个挑战是发电的问题，那么接下来的挑战就是如何保持温度的问题。所以1题答案 为A从下文提到的洒水车等事情，我们可以判断出2这儿应该是“保持湿度”的语意，所以

7、答案为B项。 4、利用词汇复现解题 由于完形填空的选文是意义相关联的语篇，往往围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代的现象是不可避免的。也就是说，某个词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其他形式重复出现在语篇之中。考生可以根据这些词来决定答案。 【例题 】This is what happens on long submarine （潜水艇） voyages. It will also happen on space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such condition

8、s ? A. long B. fast C. dangerous D. Direct 【例题 】What then is the future of education? Will this new model of schooling replace normal schools ? Will computers and the Internet our classrooms and teachers? A.replace B.reserve C.represent D.re lease 【解析】以上各题我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索一一上文的复现词汇分别是long, replace

9、故答案分别为A, A 5、利用词汇差异解题 完形填空主要考查实义词，如名词、形容词、动词、副词等。测试要点主要是词意或用法辨析，对于同义词或近义词，一定要结合上下文内容，根据句意进行判断。 【例题】The first is the removal from the curriculum （课程）of the thorough teaching of English . Pupils now D. Literature C. grammar B. culture A. vocabulary 【解析】本题考查名词的辨析。联系下文的句子.a verb from a noun, the subject

10、 of a sentence from its object, or the difference between the past, present, or future,所有这些叙述都是和 grammar 有关的术语，A 项是“词汇”，B 项是“文化”，D项是“文学”，显然答案为C。 6、利用语法结构法解题 这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出须填相关的关联词、连词、副词、 形容词或相应的动词，当然还要考虑到主谓一致的关系等语法知识要点。 【例题】 When it was 5:00pm, I was ready to go home. I was about t

11、o turn off my computer，_I receive email from Garth, my Director. A. while B. when C. where D.after 7.利用排比结构解题 “排比结构”指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。 常从排比结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一 特点来设空。 8、利用对比结构解题 完形填空设题常常利用不同句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子中不同部分之间的对比关系。 【例题】 A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet an

12、d room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A.furnished B.expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 【解析】该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on 存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的不公平。答案为C。 9、利用固定搭配

13、结合文意解题 这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、 名词和短语等。 【例题】Telling him that he no longer needed to enjoy them but I still needed to write them, I until the day he D. continued B. gave up C. followed A. held up 【解析】由句意可知，“尽管儿子不愿意再收到我的字条，但是我依然坚持写到他毕业为止。”这道题实际上是 一道固定搭配题，其结构为not.until,但句中没有否定副词

14、not,再则，若A、B两项短语用于这一结构中须与not 连用，故不合题意；C项的followed应为及物动词，后面需加宾语方可，再则followed在此有歧义，也不合题意，由于continue是延续性动词，所以，无需否定副词，在这一固定搭配中只有瞬间动词才与not连用，所 以选D。 10、利用作者情感态度来解题 做完形填空时，着重寻找反映褒贬态度的标志性词汇或句子；可以根据作者对人物或事情的态度来排除干扰，进行正确的选择。 【例题】 When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Every

15、one has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very . A. pleasing B. annoying C. common D. valuable 【解析】各选项均为形容词。结合上下文，可知语篇意思是在狭小的空间里呆的时间过长，平时习惯的小动作也 变得令人不能容忍了。上文they begin to fee

16、l uneasy是提示。A项表示“令人愉悦的”，C项表示“普通的”， D项表示“有价值的”，意思都不符合语境。只有B项（annoying）与上文中的uneasy在作者的情感态度上最接近。 11、利用常识解题 这类题主要是考查考生应该把握的英美国家的文化背餐知识和生活常识，但唯有在无法准确把握语言知识 时，可充分利用所学的社会知识和科普知识进行语境判断。 【例题】 Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was . A. right B. ready C. fixed D. sold 因此这里的意思是销售部打来电话通买车前一般要提前预订

17、，依据生活常识，【解析】知作者，他们的车已经到 了,让他们前去提车。答案为B项。 【注意事项】 良好的完形填空成绩主要表现在良好的阅读习惯和良好的语法功底，有人说，“得阅读者得天下”。完形填空也不例外。多做多练多总结。扫清词汇障碍后还应培养自己良好的阅读习惯。 1、要以意群，语义为单位读，不要逐词逐句地认； 2、要借助视觉扫读，不要手指唇动或无声心读； 3、要从头至尾，一气呵成，不要频繁回读； 4、要直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句地心译； 5、要利用上下文和构词法猜测生词，推测出句意，不要频繁查阅词典； 6、逐步扩大视距，要纵式快速阅读，不要横式赏析细读。 届宝山区高考英语一模2020III. R

18、eading Comprehension Section A For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, Directions: C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Monaco Grand Prixof beautiful country early summer as you arrive in the The air is fresh wit

19、h the heat of to the Monte-Carlo neighborhood is bursting with Monaco on the day of the race. Your 41 color as classic styles of European architecture catch your eye. When you reach the race course yacht 42 of a friends area, you are led to the harbor where you will watch the race from the ). Soon,

20、the Formula One cars will pull onto the starting point and the race will begin. 游艇(, but all of them are fast and modern. Each of the cars in the Monaco Grand Prix is 43 ) frightening a hairpin (发夹also 44 as being complex and difficult, with The race course 150 kilometers per hour, 45 these streets

21、at speeds over along turn a very narrow street. could turn a multi-million dollar car into a pile 46 drivers must take care. Even the slightest as one of 47 of waste. The driver who claims first place receives an award and will go down the worlds finest drivers. Indianapolis 500the you enter ) are f

22、illed with excitement as 大看台On race day the grandstands (and the yourself against harsh heat seat, Indianapolis Motor Speedway. You find your 48 ) track below. Moments later, a fleet of Indy Cars rolls marvel at the huge black oval (椭圆形的engines 33 turning three. in 11 neat rows of The sound of track

23、, onto the 49 themselves rings in your ears, and you cheer with the crowd as the powerful cars take off from the starting line. . They tend to Unlike Monaco Formula One cars, Indycars are more uniform in their 50 be much longer, and reach 260 kilometers per hour. Since the drivers must race for 500

24、miles, the three to five hours. The resulting wear and tear on each car is managed 51 race is quite long, at amazing speeds. The dangerous with short stops. The drivers excellent team performs 52 They the communication requires this nature of race 53 between drivers their and teams. must plan short

25、stops 54 or the driver loses precious time and it could 55 them the race. 41. A. memory B. aim C. anxiety D. ride D. direction B. position C. bottom 42. A. comfort B. fashionable C. unique D. similar 43. A. colorful B. stands out 44. A. comes out C. turns out D. points out B. Constructing C. Driving

26、 D. Competing A. Crossing 45.B. spot D. hole 46. A. touch C. error B. in advance D. in all C. in return 47. A. in history C. fighting B. drawing D. fanning A. pushing 48.C. warning 49.B. arranging D. urging A. following 50. A. design C. display B. preparation D. regulation C. delaying A. timing B. e

27、xtending D. lasting 51. C. device 52. B. maintenance A. check D. condition C. constant 53. A. short D. loud B. special C. directly 54.D. carefully A. professionally B. positively B. sacrifice D. fail A. cost C. defeat 55. 【长难句】 【语法点】 【重点词汇】2020届崇明区高考英语一模 . Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:

28、 For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington S

29、tate University have now proved that touching our favourite _41_ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels. In findings published in A ERA Open an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association last month, scientists showed that t

30、he general _42_ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing significant” reduction in cortisol levels a chemical produced by our bodies in limes of stress. Many universities have adopted Pet Your Stress Away programs where students can _43_ cats or dogs and it appea

31、rs to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now. The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students moods, and their _44_ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant _45_,” said Patricia Pendry, an

32、 associate professor in WSUs Department of Human Development. This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students cortisol levels during a _46_ intervention (介入). The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different _47_ to a

33、nimals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while _48_ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to _49_ and was told they would be allowed to sec the

34、 animals after 10 minutes. Salivary cortisol _50_ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had _51_ interaction with the pets. Many universities have started these _52_ where student

35、s can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more_ 53 _ emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce the

36、ir stress in a less _54_ way. And it did, which is _55_ because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and menial health.” B. furry 41. A. new C. close D. personal 42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being 43. A. glance at C. interact

37、with D. escape from B. focus on 44. A. presence C. intelligence B. performance D. perseverance B. problem C. chance 45. A. potential D. impact D. high-quality 46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches 47. A. responses 48. A. keeping B. preventing C. obse

38、rving D. catching 49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate 50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips D. direct B. harmonious 51. A. little C. informal 52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors 53. A. complex C. familiar B. intense D. positive 54. A. subjective B. risky C. myst

39、erious D. effective 55. A. demanding D. disappointing B. challenging C. exciting 【长难句】 【语法点】 【重点词汇】 届奉贤区高考英语一模2020 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase

40、 that best fits the context. and damage often kills trees facts is a complicated thing. Given the that elephant Ecology two combination of the (41)_to trees, it would be assume that a bush fires often kill recently-published as the (42)_, things worse. Contrary to this assumption, would make researc

41、h by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can (43)_help to make things better. （树剥) them of their barkOne common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping (.Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious (44)_, set off to find out how much 皮）worse bush fires woul

42、d make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in study in the Kruger National Park. which plots of land have been burned (45)_, to understand the effects of fire on plain 而实验为了证明对现象 in which这句话修饰的是the site of exp

43、eriment, Given the facts that 的猜想，得创造和现象相同的因素。所以此题的解题关键是理解现象： 没elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees,现象句只强调火灾的频率， 有强调程度。In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, ecology. the trees were burned every year; in the second, the

44、y were burned every other year, while the third he looked at the fate zone, by contrast, was actively (46)_fire. To keep things consistent，in all three zones. He picked marulas because ，马鲁拉树of the same tree species, the marula()by delicious, and prized are elephant they are particular (47)_of activi

45、ty. Their fruit elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to (48)_from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. 第二次研究的目的是为了得知大树在经历摧残后的修复速度如何。所以首先得对马鲁拉树

46、造成伤害，所以填remove Remove from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter从每个马鲁拉树上取下直径5厘米的圆形树皮 Having imposed this damage, they (49)_the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their (50)_, they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recove

47、red far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in study. the years of their lost(51)_during the two of the annual burn zone re-grew 98% bum zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone 两年一次的）Those living in the biennial (where fires were (52)_re-grew only 72%. The r

48、esearchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in (53)_tissue to damage trees and is supposed known question were a species that is to three and in the annual zone

49、the healing. By contrast, only five trees in biennial burn zone developed ants nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees wounds by killing ants that might (54)_colonize and damage them. 解析： that定语从句修饰前面的ants,由上文得知，Bush fires must kill ants,otherwise ants might c

50、olonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually (55)_to sick ones. 55题总结大火的作用，答案能否做出来，取决于你是否理解这一句： Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost(51)_during the two ye

51、ars of the study. Those living in the biennial (两年一次的）bum zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were (52)_re-grew only 72%. 41. A. difficult B. reasonable C. necessary D. awful D. somehow B. therefore 42. A. however C. furthermore D. merely A. uniquely C. actually B. barely 43. D

52、. assumption 44. A. phenomenon C. imagination B. evidence D. purposelessly C. severely 45. A. equally B. regularly D. exposed to C. covered by B. protected from 46. A. burnt with D. friends C. victims A. participants B. partners 47. D. measure C. hit A. mark B. remove 48. D. monitored 49. A. regulat

53、ed C. healed B. checked D. relief 50. A. disappointment C. joy B. surprise D. strength 51. A. vitality B. height C. bark D. boosted B. prevented A. controlled C. started 52. D. quicken C. impact B. promote 53. A. disturb D. otherwise B. nevertheless A. therefore 54. C. then D. cruel 55 A. beneficial

54、 C. effective B. unbelievable 【长难句】 【语法点】 【重点词汇】 2020届虹口区高考英语一模 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Inc. is che

55、cking out of Chinas fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market.The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer _41_ its third-party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, A. _42_, domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform. The decision marks an end to a long _43_ by Americas e-commerce giants in the Chinese market.