2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解知识点题型

1、2020-2021 年中考英语阅读理解知识点题型一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。CWhat is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono （ singer for the band U2）, and maybe they will say “ green. That” nots because these artists like the color green best. Instead, they are intere

2、sted in green fashion.Green fashion is about making（ and wearing ） clothes that are good for humans, animals,and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fashion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You c

3、an have interesting clothes and be green.Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells men s and women s clothing and accessories（配搭物） . They are made from natural fabrics（织物） like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries

4、 like Kenya（肯尼亚） , and Bangladesh （孟加拉国） . People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make.Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.（1） From this passage, we kn

5、ow that“green fashion” means_.A. putting green color on your faceB. making clothes from green treesC. wearing the color green all the timeD. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth（ 2） Today, green fashion is _.A. the same as it was in the pastB. making people work harderC. more popular and inte

6、restingD. mostly popular with famous persons（3） Which sentence about green clothing companies is true?A. They are all in Africa.C. They make clothes only for women.（ 4） What does EDUN do?B. They do not pay their workers well.D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes.A. It teaches people to make cl

7、othes.B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers.C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people.D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make.【答案】 （1） D（ 2） C（ 3） D（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】细节理解。根据第二段 Green fashion is about making （ and wearing ） clothes that are good for humans, animals, an

8、d the Earth 可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。故选D。细节理解。根据第二段But today, green fashion is different. 和第三段Around the world,green fashion is becoming popular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C。细节理解。根据第三段可知 he U.K. company People Tree sells mens and womens clothing and accessories（配搭物） . They are made from natural fabrics （织物） like

9、 cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya （肯尼亚） , and Bangladesh（孟加拉国） . People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. 可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC错误，故选D。细节理解。跟最后一句When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to helppeople around the world

10、.可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。2阅读理解Edinburgh is the worlds festival city. The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half ofwhich are celebrated during the monthsof July and August. Hundreds of thousands of peoplevisit the Scottish capital during the summe

11、r. Here are some of the events they can enjoy.TheEdinburghThis is the original（最初的） Edinburgh festival, which began in 1947.InternationalActors,musicians,dancers and opera singers fromall over theworldFestivalperformforlargeaudiences. You needtickets for most of the festivalsevents, which takeplace

12、in theaters around the city.TheEdinburghThisis thelargest artfestival inthe world, with thousands ofFestival Fringeperformances. Anyone can perform at thefestival. Over 20,000 artists cantake part. Go to theRoyal Mile,one of Edinburghs main streets, towatchperformerssuchas magicians,acrobats（杂技演员）an

13、dcomedians.However, it can get very busy, as thousands of tourists and local（当地的）people fill the city streets to enjoy the shows.TheEdinburghThe largest book festival in the worldbegan in 1983 and takes placeInternationalevery year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There areBoo

14、kFestivalover 700 events for children and adults. You can meet many authors, talk tothem, ask them to sign a book or listen to them talk about their stories.TheEdinburghMusic lovers come to this festival to enjoy musical performances alloverJazzand Blues the city. Artists perform street theater, dan

15、ce and circus（马戏） shows inFestivalamazingcostumes （戏装） . Everyone can enjoy theperformances.musicand dance（ 1） What do we know from Paragraph 1? A. Edinburgh is famous for its festivals.B. Edinburgh is the capital of Wales.C. Six of Edinburghs festivals are held in July. D. Summer is not the best ti

16、me to visit Edinburgh.（ 2） Which of the following is the largest art festival in the world?A. The Edinburgh International Festival.B. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.C. The Edinburgh International Book Festival.D. The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival.（ 3） Where is the Edinburgh International Book Fes

17、tival held?A. At theaters around the city.B. In the Royal Mile.C. In Charlotte Square Gardens.D. On Edinburghs main streets.（ 4） What is the purpose of the story?A. To describe the city of Edinburgh.B. To describe some festivals in Edinburgh.C. To prove that Edinburgh is the worlds art center.D. To

18、encourage more artists to perform in Edinburgh.【答案】 （ 1） A（2） B（3） C（4） B【解析】 【分析】主要讲了Edinburgh 的四个节日。（ 1）细节题。根据Edinburgh is the worldsfestival市，即以它的节日闻名，故选A。city. 可知 Edinburgh 是世界的节日城（ 2）细节题。根据第二个表格This is the largest art festival in the world可知 the Edinburgh（ 3）细节题。根据第三个表格 The largest book festiva

19、l in the world began in 1983 and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. 可知在 Charlotte Square Gardens 举行，故选 C。（ 4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了Edinburgh 的四个节日，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。3阅读理解Will it matter if you dont take your breakfast ？ A short time ago, a test was

20、 given in the United States. People of different ages, from 12 to 83, were asked to have a test. During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Scientists wanted to see how. Well their bodies worked when they had eaten different kinds of

21、breakfast.The results show that if a person eats right breakfasts, he or she will work better than the person who has no breakfast. If a student has fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school,he or she will learn more quickly and listen more carefully.The result is opposite to what some peop

22、le think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch. They will gain weight instead of losing it. You will lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.（1） During the test, the people were given.A. no breakfa

23、st at allB. different foods or nothingC. too much foodD. little food for breakfast（2） The results show that.A. breakfast has a great effect on work and studiesB. breakfast has little to do with a persons workC. a person will work better if he or she only has fruit and milkD. girl students should hav

24、e little for breakfast（ 3） According to thepassage, some people think that ifyou dont have breakfast youwill.A. be healthierB. work betterC. lose weightD. lose your way（4） The underlined word reduce in the last sentence meansin Chinese.A. 增加B减.少C放.弃D享.用【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） A（ 3） C（ 4） B【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文中通过

25、一个调查，讲述了吃早饭对人们工作、身体状况的影响，以及合理吃早饭的好处。（ 1）细节理解题。根据 During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfast,and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.可知参加测试的人有时吃丰富的早饭，有时不吃早饭。故选B。（ 2 ）细节理解题。根据文中第二段Theresultsshowthatif apersoneatsrightbreakfasts, he or she will work better than the person who ha

26、s no breakfast.If a studenthas fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he or she will learn more quicklyand listen more carefully.可知吃不吃早餐对人们的学习和工作影响很大，对身体状况影响也非常大，故选A。（ 3）细节理解题。根据第三段The result is opposite to what some people think. Havingno breakfast will not help you lose weight.可知一些人认为

27、不吃早饭能减肥，故选C。（ 4）词意猜测题。根据 lose more weight ，可知是减重，根据常识可知减重需要减少饭量，因此 reduce 的意思是减少，故选 B。【点评】本题考查阅读理解，考查了细节理解题和词意猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps

28、you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid（急救）if thewound is serious.Broken bones（骨头） : Take away clothing from the wound, Use an ice pack. Dont move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.Animal bites （咬伤） : Wash the bite area with soap and wa

29、ter. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.Fainting（昏厥） : Have him or her lie

30、with feet lifted a little. Dont move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall, Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the persons face with a cool cloth.Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted （倾斜） forward a little, Do not have the person

31、tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.（ 1） What should we do first when an animal bite happens?A. Put an ice pack on the wound.B. Wash the bite area with soap and water.C. Try to stop the bleeding wit

32、h a clean cloth.D. Take the injured person to the hospital.（ 2） When dealing with the problems of _, we shouldnt move the hurt.A. broken bones and animal bites B. animal bites and nosebleeds C. broken bones and fainting D. fainting and nosebleeds（ 3） Which of the following is NOT right when a boys n

33、ose bleeds?A. Let his head not tilt back.B. Let his head tilt forward a little.C. Let him sit up.D. Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.（ 4） Which part of a magazine may the passage come from?A. Lifestyle.B. Health.C. Sports.D. Education.（5） Whats the main idea of the passage?A. First aid for so

34、me accidental wounds.B. Steps of looking for medical care.C. Advice on ways not to get hurt.D. Ways to ask for help in getting hurt.【答案】 （ 1） B（2） C（3） D（4） B（5） A【解析】 【分析】主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识。（ 1）细节题。根据 Animal bites （咬伤） : Wash the bite area with soap and water. 可知动物咬伤时用肥皂和水清洗，故选 B。（ 2）细节题。根据 Broken bon

35、es （骨头） : Dont move the hurt body part while waiting forthe doctor to arrive. 和 Fainting （昏厥） : Dont move the body if you think there mightbewounds from the fall可知当骨折和昏厥时不要移动伤者，故选C。（ 3）细节题。根据Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.鼻血时捏鼻子更低的部分至少10 分钟，而不是整个鼻子，故选D。（ 4）推断题。根据全文可知讲了意外

36、伤害的急救，所以可能来自健康部分，即故选 B。（ 5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识，故选A。可知当流health ，【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5阅读理解Im Li Mei. My favourite book is A Friend Like Henry. Its about how a family dog helps a boy deal with his autism （孤独症） . When I felt sad

37、, my best friend gave me the book. It cheered me up.Im Tony. Reading in the holiday is aninteresting thing. Twenty Thousand Leagues Under theSea is my favouritebook. Its about a captains travel under the sea. The story is veryinteresting and the pictures are fantastic. This book can make you relaxed

38、.My names Bob. I like reading the Four GreatClassical Novels of China although Im aforeigner from Sydney. I cant waitto tell the story The Romance of the Three Kingdoms（王国） . It taught me a lot about the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu. If you are interested in history, dont miss it.Im Mary. In my

39、 opinion, The Little Prince（王子） is the best one. In this book, a young prince falls into Earth from a small planet and experiences a lot. Its not just a fiction story, but tells us about the correct values.（ 1） When Li Mei felt _, her friend gave her the book A Friend like Henry.A. happyB. sadC. bor

40、edD. excited（ 2） Tonys favourite book is _.A. Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea B. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms C. The Little Prince D. A Friend like Henry（ 3） We can learn a lot about _ from The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.A. travellingB. geographyC. scienceD. history（ 4） Mary thinks The

41、 Little Prince is the best because _.A. it has fantastic pictures B. it can deal with her autism C. it tells about the correct values D. it can cheer her up（ 5） The best title for this passage is_.A. My best friend B. My favourite book C. My interesting movie D. My favourite story 【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） A（

42、 3） D（ 4） C（ 5） B【解析】 【分析】主要讲了李梅、Tony、Bob 和 Mary 分别最喜爱的书。（ 1）细节题。根据第一个表格When I felt sad, my best friend gave me the book. 可知当李梅感到难过时，最好的朋友给了她书，故选B。（ 2）细节题。根据第二个表格Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is my favourite book.可知 Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea是 Tony 最喜爱的书，故选A。（ 3）细节题。根据第三个表格If you

43、are interested in history, dont miss it.可知我们可以学习历史，故选D。（ 4）细节题。根据第四个表格Its not just a fiction story, but tells us about the correct values.可知小王子不仅仅是一个科幻故事，而且也告诉我们正确的价值观，故选C。（ 5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了李梅、Tony、 Bob 和 Mary分别最喜爱的书，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解John and J

44、ack met at the old bench every afternoon. Then they played football. But they didnt have enough money to buy a real football. So Jack made a ball out of old socks covered with a piece of plastic, Every time, the two friends didnt stop kicking and running until very late.On Monday afternoon, John and

45、 Jack met again at the old bench. Soon the home-made ball was running across the grass. The boys laughed and shouted happily. The ball was stopped by a boy wearing a nice pair of sports shoes. John was upset when he saw the boy was Steven.The next morning, Johns mother gave him a bill. Your uncle se

46、nt you a birthday present, she smiled. Johns eyes grew big when he saw the $100 bill. Later that day ， his mother bought a new pair of sports shoes and a real football.That afternoon Steven invited John to play football. Steven did not want Jack to join them only because Jacks sports shoes were dirt

47、y. When the game was over, John and Steven walked past the old bench where Jack was sitting. Steven picked up a stone and threw it at him. John, holding his new football in his hands, walked on and did not look back.Several days later. As John walked. Past the old bench, he saw something lying under

48、 it. He looked closer and saw it was the home made ball, John was full of sadness when he saw the ball. As his sadness turned to anger, he picked up his new football and kicked it into the air. Then he walked to the bench, sat down and waited.（ 1） When John and Jack were. Playing with their home- ma

49、de ball, they felt_.A. sadB. gladC. unfairD. angry（ 2） What present did John get from his uncle?A. A bill.B. A football.C. A home-made football.D. A new pair of shoes,（ 3） Why didnt Jack play football with John and Steven?A. Because he was ill.B. Because he hated Steven,C. Because he didnt wear spor

50、ts shoes.D. Because he wasnt invited by Steven.（ 4） John sat on the bench and probably waited for_.A. his motherB. JackC. StevenD. his uncle（ 5） What is the best title for the passage?A. A birthday present B. A football match C. A home-made football D. A new football 【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） A（ 3） D（ 4） B（ 5

51、） C【解析】 【分析】主要讲了John 和 Jack 每天下午一起踢足球，足球是Jack 自己制作的，一天早上John 的妈妈给John 叔叔给他的100 美元， John 的妈妈给他买了一双新球鞋和一个真正的足球，那天下午Steven 邀请 John 踢足球， Steven 不想让 Jack 加入，因为Jack 的鞋是脏的。（ 1）细节题。根据 So Jack made a ball out of old socks covered with a piece of plastic, Everytime, the two friends didnt stop kicking and runn

52、ing until very late.可知 Jack和 John 踢足球到很晚，所以他们感到高兴，故选B。（ 2）细节题。根据 Your uncle sent you a birthday present, she smiled. Johns eyes grew bigwhen he saw the $100 bill. 可知叔叔给了John100 美元，故选A。（ 3）细节题。根据 Steven did not want Jack to join them only because Jacks sports shoeswere dirty. 可知因为Jack 的鞋子是脏的，所以Steven

53、 没有邀请Jack，故选 D。（ 4）推断题。根据 Then he walked to the bench, sat down and waited. 可知 John 走到之前他们见面的长凳坐下，等待 Jack，故选 B。（ 5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了John 和 Jack一起踢 Jack 自己制作的足球，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7阅读理解The word, photography, was first used in 183

54、9. It comes from the Greek words that mean to write with light. But photography could only give people static pictures. So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. They made lots of experiments, but failed again and again. It was Eadweard Muybridge who finally succeeded. He was the first photographer to try this successfully. But how did he make it? It was an interesting story.Back in 1872, people didnt kn