英语语法一般将来时讲解

1、精品文档11k迎下载英语动词时态详解：一般将来时般将来时的定义itomorrow,做状语。一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词 soon 或短语 next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 如：what will you do this afternoon.你今天下午干什么?we will have a meeting tomorrow.我们明天要开会。he is going to study abroad next year.明年他要出国学习。一般将来时的构成1 .肯定句：主语

2、+will/shall+ 动词原型(一般shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称)we shall have a lot of rain next month.下个月将下很多雨。i think she will pass the exam.我想他考试会及格的。2 . 否定句：主语+shall/will+not+动词原形we shall not (shant)go to china next year.xiaoming will not(wont) be back in few days.3 . 一般疑问句：shall/will +主语+动词原形+？shall weplay volleyba

3、ll next class?下一节课我们将打排球吗？yes,you will. 是的，你们将.w川you comehere next week?下个星期你将来这儿吗？一yes,i will.是的，我将.w川she teach us this term?这学期，她将教我们吗？yes,she will.是的，她将.4 .特殊疑问句：what(when,where,how.)+will/shall+主语 + 动词原形 +.whatwill you do next week? 下个星期你将要做什么？i will do myhomework我将要做作业.howwill she comehere tomo

4、rrow?明天她将要怎么来这儿？-she will comehere by bus。她将要乘公共汽车来这儿三、表示将来时间的几种常见方法英语中除了 “ will /shall+ 动词原形”表示半来时态外，还可以有以下多种方法：(1)用“be going to+动词原形”表示。主要表示打算和预测：we are not going to stay there long.我们不准备在那里多待。(表打算)im afraid they re going to lose the game.恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)look, it s going to rain. 瞧，要下雨了。(表预见) 注：be go

5、ing to 后接动词go和come时，通常直接改用其进行时态： where is he going to go? / where is he going?他打算到哪里去？1 .肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are) going to+动词原形+2 .否定句：主语+be(am,is,are) not going to+动词原形 +i amnot going to play basketball tomorrow.明天我不将踢足球.sheis not/isnt going to visit shanghai next year.明年她不将参观上海 3.一股疑问句：am/is,are+ 主语+g

6、oing to+动词原形+.am going to see mygrandfather tomorrow?明天我将去看我的爷爷吗？yes,you are.是的，你将去.are you going to listening to the tape tomorrow?明天你将听录音带吗? -no,i amnot.不，我不将.is she going to beijing next year?明年我将去北京吗？yes,she is.是的，她将.4 .特殊疑问句：.what(where,how.)+be(am,is,are)+主语+going to+动词原形 +.?whatare you going

7、to do tomorrow? 明天你将要做什么？ im going to the park? 我将要去动物园.whereare you going to swim?你将要去哪儿游泳？ im going to swimin the river.我将要去河里游泳。(2)用“be to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示 命令、禁止或可能性：he is to leave for beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。tell him he s not to be back late.告诉他不准迟回。(3)用“be about to+动词原形”表示。主要

8、表示即将要发生的事：he is about to leave.他即将要离开。sit down, everyone. the film is about to start.大家坐好，电影马上就要开发始了。注：该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用：误：he is about to leave soon tomorrow.另外，该结构在美国英语中还可表示打算”(主要用于否定句广im not about to lend him any more money.我不打算再借给他任何钱。(4)用“be due to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或时间表将要发生某事：he is due to leave ver

9、y soon. 他很快就要离开。his book is due to be published in october.他的书计划 10 月份出版。(5)用“现在进行时(即be+现在分词)表示。主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事：the students are leaving on sunday. 学生们星期日出发。we re having a party next week.我们下星期将开一个晚会。注：该用法有时表示即将发生的动作：im leaving.我走了。(6)用“一般现在时”表示。表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事：the train leaves at 7:25 this evening

10、.火车今晚 7:25 分开。tomorrow is wednesday.明天是星期三。we have a holiday tomorrow.我们明天放假。注：在表示时间、条件等的状语从句以及某些名词性从句、定语从句等中，也用一般现在 时表示将来意义，参见“时态详解：一般现在时”的有关用法。四、三种将来时间表示法的比较（1） will / shall +动词原形”与be going to+动词原形”两者均可表示将来时间和意图，两者有时可换用：i think it ll rain this evening. / i think it s going to rain this evening. 我

11、想今晚会下雨。i wont tell you about it. / im not going to tell you about it.我不会把这事告诉你的。但有时有差别：若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to ；若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will。比较：ann is in hospital. oh, really? i didnt know. i ll go and visit her. 安住院了。”啊，真的吗？我还不知道。我要去看看她。（临时想法，不能用be going to）ann is in hospital

12、. yes, i know. i mgoing to visit her tomorrow. 安住院了。 “ 式 知道，我打算明天去看看她。”（事先考虑的意图，不能用 will）若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to ,不用will :look at those black clouds. it s going to rain.看见b些乌云，要下雨了。带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to ,而用will :whenhe comes back, i will tell him the news. 他回来时我就告诉他这个消息。if he comes bac

13、k, i will tell him the news.他若回来我就告诉他这个消息。客观难以改变的事实，用will,而不用be going to .it will be teachers daythe day after tomorrow.后天将是教师节.mybirthday will come.我生日将要到了 .（2） be going to+动词原形”与 现在进行时”be going to主要表示主观想法或意图，而现在进行时表示将来则主要强调已经作出的 安排。比较：im going to wash the car if i have time.若有时间我想洗洗车。（主观想法）im pick

14、ing you up at 6; don t forget.我6点钟来接你,不要忘了。（已作出的安排）但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时，通常要用be going to ,不能用现在进行时态：it s going to snow before long. 不久会下雪。things are going to get better soon.情况彳艮快就会好起来。当表示坚持要（不要）某人做某事时，两者均可用：she s taking going to take that medicine whether he likes it or not.不管她喜欢不喜欢，她都得吃那药。you re not we

15、aring going to wear that skirt to school.你不可以穿那条裙子去上学。（3） be going to+动词原形”与be to+动词原形”的区别两者均可表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有时可互换（但be to比be going to 正式）：where are we going to stay tonight?我们今晚住哪里？im （going） to play tennis this afternoon.我打算今天下午打网球。另外，be going to还可表示预测，即根据已有迹象预测将要发生的动作，此时不能用beto :look, it s going t

16、o rain. 看，要下雨了。英语动词时态详解：一般将来时一、一般将来时的定义一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon 或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime做状语。如：what will you do this afternoon.你今天下午干什么?we will have a meeting tomorrow.我们明天要开会。he is going to study abroad next year.明年他要出国学习。二、一般将来时的基本用法

17、及构成一般将来时的基本用法是表示单纯的将来事实，由“ will / shall + 动词原形”构成:we shall have a lot of rain next month.下个月将下很多雨。i think she will pass the exam.我想他考试会及格的。三、表示将来时间的几种常见方法英语中除了 will /shall+动词原形”表示半来时态外，还可以有以下多种方法：(1)用“be going to+ 动词原形”表示。主要表示打算和预测：we are not going to stay there long.我们不准备在那里多待。(表打算)im afraid theyre

18、 going to lose the game.恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)look, it s going to rain.瞧，要下雨了。(表预见)注：be going to后接动词go和come时，通常直接改用其进行时态：where is he going to go? / where is he going?他打算到哪里去？(2)用“be to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或 可能性：he is to leave for beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。tell him hes not to be back late.告诉

19、他不准迟回。(3)用“be about to+ 动词原形”表示。主要表示即将要发生的事：he is about to leave. 他即将要离开。sit down, everyone. the film is about to start.大家坐好，电影马上就要开发始了。注：该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用：误： he is about to leave soon tomorrow.另外，该结构在美国英语中还可表示打算”(主要用于否定句 广im not about to lend him any more money.我不打算再借给他任何钱。(4)用“be due to+动词原形”表示。主要表

20、示按计划或时间表将要发生某事：he is due to leave very soon.他很快就要离开。his book is due to be published in october.他的书计划 10 月份出版。(5)用“现在进行时(即be +现在分词)表示。主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事：the students are leaving on sunday. 学生们星期日出发。we re having a party next week.我们下星期将开一个晚会。注：该用法有时表示即将发生的动作：im leaving. 我走了。(6)用“一般现在时”表示。表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事

21、：the train leaves at 7:25 this evening.火车今晚 7:25 分开。tomorrow is wednesday. 明天是星期三。we have a holiday tomorrow.我们明天放假。注：在表示时间、条件等的状语从句以及某些名词性从句、定语从句等中，也用一般现在时表示将来 意义，参见“时态详解：一般现在时”的有关用法。四、三种将来时间表示法的比较 will / shall+动词原形”与be going to+动词原形”两者均可表示将来时间和意图，两者有时可换用：i think it ll rain this evening./i think it

22、s going to rain this evening.我想今晚会下雨。i won t tell you about it. / im not going to tell you about it.我不会把这事告诉你的。但有时有差别：若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to ;若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用 will。比较：ann is in hospital. oh, really? i didnt know. i ll go and visit her.安住院了。”啊，真的吗？我还不知道。我要去看看她。（临时想法，不能

23、用 be going to）ann is in hospital. yes, i know. im going to visit her tomorrow.安住院了。 “ 我知道,我打算明天去看看她。”（事先考虑的意图，不能用 will）若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to ,不用will :look at those black clouds. its going to rain.看刃b些乌云，要下雨了。带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to ,而用will :when he comes back, i will tell him the news.

24、他回来时我就告诉他这个消息。if he comes back, i will tell him the news.他若回来我就告诉他这个消息。（2） be going to+ 动词原形”与现在进行时”be going to主要表示主观想法或意图，而现在进行进表示将来则主要已经强调作出的安排。比较：im going to wash the car if i have time.若有时间我想洗洗车。（主观想法）im picking you up at 6; dont forget.我6点钟来接你，不要忘了。（已作出的安排）但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时，通常要用be going to ,不能用现

25、在进行时态：it s going to snow before long.不久会下雪。things are going to get better soon.情况彳艮快就会好起来。当表示坚持要（不要）某人做某事时，两者均可用：shes taking going to take that medicine whether he likes it or not.不管她喜欢不喜欢，她都得吃那药。you re not wearing going to wear that skirt to school.你不可以穿那条裙子去上学。（3） be going to+ 动词原形”与be to+动词原形”的区别

26、两者均可表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有时可互换 （但be to比be going to正式）：where are we going to stay tonight? 我们今晚住哪里？im (going) to play tennis this afternoon.我打算今天下午打网球。另外，be going to还可表示预测，即根据已有迹象预测将要发生的动作，此时不能用be to :look, it s going to rain. 看，要下雨了。（4） 1 turn on the television or open a magazine and youadvertisements sho

27、winghappy familiesa. will often seeb. often seec. are often seeingd. have often seen分析：ao这是 祈使句+and +陈述句”句型，祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，and后的陈述句的谓语用一般将来时，这是一个较为固定的句型。【例 2】he was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.a. were decidingb. have decided

28、c. decidedd. will decide分析：b。因宾语从句中的时态是一般将来时，主句中的谓语动词不可能是过去时态，排除选项a和d;由语境判断，不是 将要决定”，而是 现在已经决定”，所以排除d,而选r【例 3】 how can i apply for an online course? just fill out this form and wewhat we can do four you.a. seeb. are seeingc. have seend. will see分析：do表示将要发生的情况，自然是用一般将来时。【例 4】if their marketing plans

29、succeed, theytheir sales by 20 percent.a. will increaseb. have been increasingc. have increasedd. would be increasing分析：ao由于if条件从句用的是一般现在时，所以其相应的主句宜用一般将来时。【例 5 population experts predict that most peoplein cities in the near future.a. liveb. would livec. will lived. have lived分析：c。根据句中的in the near future可知要用一般将来时。【例 6】 when i talked