奇瑞A12009款1.3L手动舒适型

1、第一部分原始数据及技术参数1.1 各项汽车参数 11.2 变速器速比 21.3 奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型发动机外特性 21.4 转速和扭矩的图形以及公式 31.5 转速和燃油消耗率的图形以及公式 31.6 汽车车身外形图 41.7 发动机外形图 5第二部分汽车动力性的设计计算2.1 驱动力与行驶阻力平衡图 62.2 最高车速和最大爬坡度的计算 72.3 加速度倒数曲线的绘制 72.4 绘制动力因素特性曲线 7第三部分 汽车使用经济性的计算第四部分计算机动力性计算流程图第五部分 燃油经济性的流程图第六部分计算机编程对于动力性和经济性的程序6.1 驱动力-行驶阻力平衡 116.2 最

2、大速度和最大爬坡度 126.3 加速度倒数曲线 146.4 动力因数曲线 156.5 二挡起步加速速度-时间图 186.6 二挡起步加速距离-时间图 206.7 优化换挡的计算和分析 226.8 等速百公里油耗计算 24第七部分程序运行结果7.1 程序界面 267.2 驱动力一阻力平衡图 277.3 加速度倒数曲线图 287.4 动力因素特性曲线 297.5 起档起步加速速度一时间曲线图 307.6 二档起步加速距离一时间曲线图 317.7 优化连续换挡加速过程曲线图 328最大速度和最大爬坡度和等速百公里油耗值以及经济性分析曲线 .33 参考文献1.2变速器速比第一部分原始数据及技术参数1.

3、1各项汽车参数奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型各项参数见表1-1基本参数级别：小型车发动机：1.3l 83 马力 l4排量（l）:1.3长x宽x高（mm）:3700x 1578x 1564气囊气帘数目：2车身结构：承载式最局车速（km/h）:156等速油耗（l/km/h）:4.6/60装载质量（kg）:375息质量（kg）:1750车身参数发动机车长(mm):3700工自然吸气车宽(mm):1578排量（l）:1.3车身(mm):1564燃油类型：汽油轴距(mm):2390燃油标号：93车重(kg):1040最大功率（kw）:61车身结构：两厢车最大功率转速（rpm）:6000轴距(mm

4、):2390最大扭矩（n m）:114质心至前轴距离（mm）：1463最大扭矩转速（rpm）:3800-4500质心高度（mm）:580车门数（个）：5座位数（个）：5行李箱容积（l）:324/602油箱容积（l）:43专业参数传动系效率0.90空气阻力系数*迎风面积一 一一一20.3*2.05 m滚动阻力系数0.014主减速器速比4.3125车轮半径（m）0.34295飞轮转动惯量（kgm2）0.16两前轮转动惯量（kgm）1.6 2四后轮转动惯重（kgm）1.6汽缸容积（cc）:1297供油方式：多点电喷升功率（kw/l）:46.9最小转弯直径（m）:9.6汽缸数（个）：4前轮距（mm）:

5、1370每缸气门数（个）：4后轮距（mm）:1355压缩比：10最大马力（ps）:83气门结构：dohc发动机特启技术：edmfe子控制模块缸盖材料：铝环保标准：国四/obd缸体材料：铸铁变速器各档位的变速比见表1-2变速器i档ii档出档iv档v档传动比31.921.2810.75表1-2变速器速比1.3奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型发动机外特性奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型发动机的外特性图见图1-11500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 450d 5000 5500 发动机转速rf mi n图1-1奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型发动机的外特性#1.

6、4转速和扭矩的图形以及公式插值法所用的转速和扭矩数据见表 1-3,以及最后绘出的图形，公式见图1-2转速（r/min ）扭矩（n.m）12001622000174300022640002195500201表1-3转速与扭矩数据250200150100 - y = 5e-10x3 - 1e-o5x2+ 0. 067x + 81. 2050 -0 1110200040006000图1-2转速与扭矩1.5转速和燃油消耗率的图形以及公式插值法所用的转速和燃油消耗率所用的数据见表1-4,得到的图形，公式见图1-3。转速(r/min)油耗（g/kw.h）15002702000260300029840003

7、3145003395500364表1-4转速与油耗数据3400图1-3转速与油耗曲线1.6汽车车身外形图设计说明书中所用的汽车的外形图见图 1-4图1-4奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型外形图#1.7发动机外形图5设计说明书中所涉及的汽车发动机的外形图见图1-5、1-6图1-5奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型sqr371f发动机外形图1-6奇瑞a1 2009款1.3l手动舒适型sqr371f发动机图样2.2最高车速和最大爬坡度的计算第二部分汽车动力性的设计计算2.1驱动力与行驶阻力平衡图首先要计算出汽车的车轮的半径r = 0.0254(d/2 b(1-)驱动力ft的计算匚teigi

8、0f t 一rte 使用状态的发动机转矩传动效率r 车轮动态半径ig、io 变速器与主减速器比发动机的扭矩由发动机外特性曲线偶合出来。滚动阻力ff =gff = 0.014(1 u19440)rn汽车车速ua = 0.377ar车轮滚动半径n 发动机转速空气阻力2c d au af 二21.15f 滚动阻力cd 空气阻力系数a迎风面积9最高车速um,*是最高档驱动力的曲线和行驶阻力曲线的交点，即ft =ff fw=gf2cd aua21.15对应的车速就是最高车速。=tan最大爬坡度为一档的驱动力减去行驶阻力与汽车车自重的比sinfi = g sin ;fi =gif =fyff fw)ima

9、x : arcsin(ff ff- fw):2： 2 igi。mr22.3 加速度倒数曲线的绘制 iw=1 2mrdu 1 ri，rf-(ff fw)2.4 绘制动力因素特性曲线ft 二 fffw fi fjft - fw _ .必ggdtd 二 p du gdtft 滚动阻力第三部分 汽车使用经济性的计算这部分的计算主要是关于等速百公里油耗的计算 ，此次计算的是90km/h的油耗=pbe , l /100km1.02ua ae 1 f 3600 r 2115 或 3600be = f(fe,n)汽油发动机= 6.967.15n/l第四部分计算机动力性计算流程图计算动力性程序中所涉及的程序流程

10、图见图4-1计算机动力性计算流程图29第五部分 燃油经济性的流程图计算燃油经济性时所涉及的程序的流程图见图5-1。图5-1燃油经济性的流程图第六部分计算机编程对于动力性和经济性的程序程序代码说明dim t as double, i(6) as double, n as double, ft as double, v asdouble, f as double, ffmax(1) as double, ii as single, d(5) asdouble, dim nmax as double, imax as double6.1驱动力-行驶阻力平衡private sub command1_c

11、lick()dim a as singlepicture1.clspicture1.scale (-40, 9000)-(350,-500)picture1.line (0, 0)-(300, 0)picture1.line (0, 0)-(0, 8500)picture1.currentx = 300picture1.currenty = 250picture1.print v(km/h)”picture1.currentx = 5picture1.currenty = 8000picture1.print f(n)for a = 0 to 350 step 20picture1.line

12、(a, 0)-(a, 50)picture1.currentx = apicture1.currenty = -100picture1.print anext afor a = 500 to 8500 step 500picture1.line (0, a)-(1, a)picture1.currentx = -30变量的定义定义x轴与y轴画出坐标系picturel.currenty = apicturel.print anext ai(0) = 4.3125i(1) = 3i(2) = 1.92i(3) = 1.28i(4) = 1i(5) = 0.75for s = 1 to 5 step

13、 1for n = 1000 to 6500 step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2ft = (t * i(0) * i(s) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.377 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(s)f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)picture1.pset (v f)picture1.pset (v ft)next

14、 nnext send sub6.2 最大速度和最大爬坡度private sub command2_click()ffmax(0) = 0i(0) = 4.3125i(1) = 3各挡速比及主减速比转矩驱动力车速行驶阻力各挡速比及主 减速比i(2) = 1.92i(3) = 1.28i(4) = 1i(5) = 0.75for s = 1 to 5 step 1for n = 1000 to 6500 step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2ft = (t * i(0) * i

15、(s) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.377 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(s)f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)if ft - f 0 thentext2.text = int(v)end ifnext n next sfor n = 1000 to 6500 step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2ft = (t *

16、 i(0) * i(1) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.377 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(1)f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)ffmax(1) = ft - fif ffmax(1) ffmax(0) thenffmax(0) = ffmax(1)elseend ifnext nimax = ffmax(0) / (1750 * 9.8)text4.text = format(0 & imax, 0.00)end sub转矩驱动力

17、行驶阻力最大车速(ft-f)最大值最大爬坡度6.3 加速度倒数曲线private sub command3_click()dim a as singlepicturel.clspicture1.scale (-10, 12)-(230, -1)定义坐标系picture1.line (0, 0)-(220, 0)picture1.line (0, 0)-(0, 11)picture1.currentx = 210picture1.currenty = 0.5picture1.print v(km/h)”picture1.currentx = 0.5picture1.currenty = 11pi

18、cture1.print 1/a(s2/m)for a = 0 to 200 step 20picture1.line (a, 0)-(a, 0.1)picture1.currentx = apicture1.currenty = -0.5picture1.print anext afor a = 1 to 10 step 0.5picture1.line (0, a)-(1, a)picture1.currentx = -10picture1.currenty = apicture1.print a各挡速比及主减速比next ai(0) = 4.3125i(2) = 1.92i(3) = 1

19、.28i(4) = 1旋转质量系数i(5) = 0.75for c = 1 to 5 step 1d(c) = 1 + (4 * 1.6 + i(c) a 2 * i(0) a 2 * 0.16) / (1750 * 0.34295 a 2) next cfor s = 1 to 5 step 1for n = 1000 to 6500 step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2行驶阻力ft = (t * i(0) * i(s) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.37

20、7 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(s)力口速度f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)a = d(s) * 1750 / (ft - f) if ft - f = 0 thenif a = 0 then d = (ft - f) / (1750 * 9.8) picture1.pset (v d) picture1.pset (v m) else end ifnext nnext s end sub6.5 二挡起步加速速度-时间图private sub co

21、mmand5_click()dim time as doublepicturel.clspicture1.scale (-1,90)-(6,-3)picture1.line (0, 0)-(5, 0)picture1.line (0, 0)-(0, 85)picture1.currentx = 5picture1.currenty = 4picture1.print t(s)picture1.currentx = 0.1picture1.currenty = 85picture1.print v(km/h)”for a = 0 to 5 step 0.5picture1.line (a, 0)

22、-(a, 1)picture1.currentx = apicture1.currenty = -0.5picture1.print anext afor a = 10 to 85 step 5picture1.line (0, a)-(0.05, a)picture1.currentx = -0.2picture1.currenty = apicture1.print anext ai(2) = 1.92i(0) = 4.3125d(2) = 1.0844nmin = 20 * i(0) * i(2) / 0.377 / 0.34295定义坐标系各挡速比及主减速比nmax = 80 * i(

23、0) * i(2) / 0.377 / 0.34295for n = nmin to nmax step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2ft = (t * i(0) * i(s) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.377 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(2)f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)a = (ft - f) / (d(

24、2) * 1750)time = (v - 20) / 3.6) / apicture1.pset (time, v)next ntext8.text = format(time, 0.0)end sub6.6 二挡起步加速距离-时间图private sub command6_click()dim s as double, time as doublepicturel.clspicture1.scale (-2, 230)-(11,-15)picture1.line (0, 0)-(10, 0)picture1.line (0, 0)-(0, 220)picture1.currentx = 1

25、0picture1.currenty = 8picture1.print t(s)picture1.currentx = 0.1picture1.currenty = 220picture1.print s(m)for a = 0 to 10 step 1picture1.line (a, 0)-(a, 2)picture1.currentx = apicture1.currenty = -1picture1.print anext afor a = 10 to 220 step 10picture1.line (0, a)-(0.1, a)picture1.currentx = -0.5pi

26、cture1.currenty = apicture1.print anext ai(2) = 1.92i(0) = 4.3125d(2) = 1.0844nmin = 20 * i(0) * i(2) / 0.377 / 0.34295起始速度的对应转速加速对应转速加速度加速时间nmax = 80 * i(0) * i(2) / 0.377 / 0.34295for n = nmin to nmax step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2ft = (t * i(0) * i

27、(2) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.377 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(2)f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)a = (ft - f) / (d(2) * 1750)time = (v - 20) / 3.6) / as = 20 * time + 0.5 * a * (time a 2)picture1.pset (time, s)next ntext10.text = format(s, 0.0)end sub6.7 优化换挡的

28、计算和分析private sub command7_click()picturel.clspicturel.scale (-20, 9000)-(300,-500)定义坐标系统picturel.line (0, 0)-(280, 0)picture1.line (0, 0)-(0, 8500)picture1.currentx = 275picture1.currenty = 300picture1.print v(km/h)”picture1.currentx = 2picture1.currenty = 8500picture1.print f(n)for a = 0 to 280 ste

29、p 20picture1.line (a, 0)-(a, 80)picture1.currentx = apicture1.currenty = -100picture1.print anext afor a = 500 to 8500 step 500picture1.line (0, a)-(2, a)picture1.currentx = -15picture1.currenty = apicture1.print anext ai(0) = 4.3125i(1) = 3i(2) = 1.92i(3) = 1.28i(4) = 1i(5) = 0.75for s = 1 to 5 ste

30、p 1for n = 1000 to 6500 step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2ft = (t * i(0) * i(s) * 0.9) / 0.34295v = (0.377 * 0.34295 * n) / (i(0) * i(s)f = 0.3 * 2.05 * (v a 2) / 21.15 + 1750 * 9.8 * 0.014 * (1 + (v a 2) / 19440)picture1.pset (v f)picture1.pset (v ft)nex

31、t nif s = 4 thenpicture1.currentx = v + 2picture1.currenty = ft + 10picture1.print int(v)picture1.line (v, 0)-(v, ft)elseend ifnext send sub加速距离定义坐标系6.8 等速百公里油耗计算private sub command8_click()dim ge as double, nge as double, p as doublepicturel.clspicture1.scale (-10, 200)-(350,-10)picture1.line (0, 0

32、)-(300, 0)picture1.line (0, 0)-(0, 150)i(0) = 4.3125i(1) = 3i(2) = 1.92i(3) = 1.28i(4) = 1i(5) = 0.75for s = 1 to 5 step 1比油耗曲线90km/h下的比油耗for n = 1000 to 6500 step 1t = 5 * (10 a -10) * (n a 3) - 1 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) + 0.067 * n + 81.2 ge = -4 * (10 a -9) * (n a 3) + 4 * (10 a -5) * (n a 2) - 0.115 * n + 3