(浙京津鲁琼版)2020新高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破考前冲刺卷(二)

1、（浙京津鲁琼版）2020新高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破考前冲刺卷（二）选择题部分第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。aelizabethgarrettandersonwasbornon9june,1836，inwhitechapel，eastlondon.shewasexpectedtomarrywellandlivethelifeofalady.however，meetingswiththefeminist(女权主义者)emilydaviesandelizab

2、ethblackwell，thefirstamericanwomanphysician，convincedelizabethgarrettthatsheshouldbecomeadoctor.thiswasunheardofatthattimeandherattemptstostudyatanumberofmedicalschoolswererefused.sheenrolled(入学)asanursingstudentatmiddlesexhospitalandattendedclassesformaledoctors，butwasdrivenoutaftercomplaintsfromot

3、herstudents.asthesocietyofapothecariesdidnotspecificallyforbidwomenfromtakingitsexaminations，in1865shepassedtheirexamsandgainedacertificatewhichenabledhertobecomeadoctor.thesocietythenchangeditsrulestopreventotherwomenenteringtheprofessionthisway.in1866，shesetupaclinicforwomeninlondon，thankstoherfat

4、hersbacking；in1870shewasmadeavisitingphysiciantotheeastlondonhospital.thereshemetjamesanderson，asuccessfulbusinessman，whoshemarriedin1871.，in1872，andersonfoundedthenewhospitalforwomeninlondon，staffedentirelybywomen.sheappointedherspiritualguide，elizabethblackwell，asaprofessorthere.andersonseffortspa

5、vedthewayforotherwomen，andin1876anactwaspassedpermittingwomentoenterthemedicalprofessions.in1883andersonwasappointedtomanagethelondonschoolofmedicineforwomenwhichshehadhelpedtofoundin1874.itwasthefirstmedicalschoolinbritaintotrainwomenasdoctors.anderson，britainsfirstfemaledoctor，retiredin1902.sixyea

6、rslater，shebecamethemayor(市长)ofaldeburgh，thefirstfemalemayorinengland.andersondiedon17december,1917.语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章介绍了伊丽莎白加勒特安德森是英国第一位女医生，也是英国第一位女市长。11whydidthesocietychangeitsrules?atoprovidecertificatesforwomen.btoforbidwomentotakeitsexams.ctoofferprogramstotrainwomendoctors.dtoencouragewomentoatten

7、dmedicalschools.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“asthesocietyofapothecariesdidnotspecificallyforbidwomenfromtakingitsexaminations.”和“thesocietythenchangeditsrulestopreventotherwomenenteringtheprofessionthisway.”可推知，该协会修改规定是为了禁止女性参加考试。2whatwasandersonsfathersattitudetohercareer?asupportive.csympathetic.bdoubtful.d

8、critical.答案a解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in1866，shesetupaclinicforwomeninlondon，thankstoherfathersbacking”可知，安德森的父亲支持她的事业。3whatdidandersondoafterfoundingthenewhospitalforwomen?ashemarriedasuccessfulbusinessman.bshestartedaclinicforwomeninlondon.cshelearnedatahospitalasavisitingphysician.dshehelpedcreateaschoolto

9、trainfemaledoctors.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“in1872，andersonfoundedthenewhospitalforwomeninlondon”和倒数第二段中的“.thelondonschoolofmedicineforwomen，whichshehadhelpedtofoundin1874.itwasthefirstmedicalschoolinbritaintotrainwomenasdoctors.”可知，安德森在创立女性新医院之后，又协助创办了一所培训女医生的学校。b(2019山西太原一模)evenforafirsttimevisitortochi

10、na，itisimpossibletoignorethepopularityofquickresponse(qr)codes.thesesquareshapedblackandwhitesymbolsinwechatoralipaywhereqrcodesarescannedtoaddnewfriendsormakepayments.2theqrcodesystemoriginatedinjapan.theengineermasahiroharafeltthelimitationoftheonedimensionbarcode(条形码)inuseandthusdevelopedtheqrcod

11、eswhichcouldcarrydatahorizontallyandvertically.qrcodescouldholdmuchmoreinformationthanbarcodeduetotheirextradimension.inaddition，qrcodeshavelargerdatacapacity，smallerprintoutsizeandhigherresistancetodirtanddamage，whichmakethemwidelyappliedinmanyotherapplications.，thoughthetechnologyofqrcodesiscompli

12、catedwecaneasilycreateourownqrcodeswiththehelpofqrcodegenerators，manyofwhichareavailableonlineforfree.userscouldenterthedatatheywishtheqrcodetodisplayandthegeneratorturnsitintoasymbolthatcanbeprintedordisplayedinelectronicform.theprocessofcreatingqrcodescouldbereallyfunwhenwecustomisethedesignofthec

13、odesaccordingtoourspecificneeds.forinstancewecanadjustthecolor，addalogo，andcreatesocialoptionsetc.moreover，dynamic(动态的)qrcodesarealsoavailable.theyaremorevariousthanstandardqrcodesbecausetheyallowuserstoeditdataenteredpreviouslywhereasdatainstandardqrcodescannotbeeditedonceprinted.plus，dontlimityour

14、qrcodetoonemobilescanner.anyonecanscanyourcodewithanyreader.alowerbarriertoentrymakessuccessmorelikelyforyouandtheuser.meanwhile，wemustalsorecognizethevulnerabilityofqrcodes.duetoitseasyaccess，criminalscanstealsimplybyreplacingtheqrcodeswiththeirown，routingcashintotheirownbankaccounts.hence，weshould

15、allbecomemoreconscioustowardsvirtualmoneytransactionsthroughqrcodesandparticipateinadditionalsecuritymeasures.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了二维码的产生、功能及优缺点。4whichofthefollowingisnotafunctionofqrcodes?adatastorage.csocialnetworking.bscanningreader.dmobilepayment.答案b解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“thesesquareshapedblackandwhite

16、symbolsinwechatoralipaywhereqrcodesarescannedtoaddnewfriendsormakepayments.”和第二段中的“inaddition，qrcodeshavelargerdatacapacity，smallerprintoutsizeandhigherresistancetodirtanddamage”可知，a、c、d项是二维码的功能，b项不是。故选b。5whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“vulnerability”in3paragraph4?athreat.cdifficult

17、y.bweakness.dsimplicity.答案b解析词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“duetoitseasyaccess，criminalscanstealsimplybyreplacingtheqrcodeswiththeirown，routingcashintotheirownbankaccounts.(由于二维码方便获取，犯罪分子只需用自己的二维码替换二维码，将现金转入自己的银行账户就可以进行盗窃。)”可知，这一段是在讲二维码的缺点。由此可推知画线词的意思是“缺点”。故选b。6whichistrueaboutqrcodesaccordingtothetext?atheywerefi

18、rstusedinchina.bthegeneratorschargetheusersalot.cdataeditingispossibleinprintedqrcodes.dmorescanningdevicesareavailableinreadingqrcodes.答案d解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句可知，不要把你的二维码限制在一个移动扫描仪上。任何人都可以用任何阅读器扫描你的二维码。准入门槛越低，你和用户成功的可能性就越大。由此可推知，更多扫描设备可以读取二维码。故选d。cfairsandthemeparksneverseemtolosetheirattraction.mykids

19、lovethemasmuchasido.noteveryonewillagreewithmethough.mywifeisterrifiedofanythingmoreexcitingthanthemerrygoround.sowhydoiloveblackpoolsbigonewhileshegoeswhiteonhearingtheword“rollercoaster(过山车)”？accordingtopsychologists，itcomesdowntosomethingcalleda“typet”personality.typetsarethrillseekerswhowelcomet

20、heuncertaintyofactivitiesthatmostpeoplewouldfindhairraising.itseemssomeofusenjoythephysicalsensationsassociatedwithfear：theadrenaline(肾上腺素)rushandthebeatingheart.scaryridesmakeusfeelalive.terrifyingexperiencesencourageasenseofexcitementoncewerebackonsolidgroundthoughweonlyenjoythem，expertssay，whenwe

21、rewithina“protectiveframe”thatassuresusthatdeepdown，werestillsafe.recentresearchhasfoundcertaingenes(基因)whichmayberesponsibleforthoseofuswithtypetpersonalities.biochemistshaveseparatedagenecalleddrd4whichseemsmorecommoninrollercoasterloverslikeme.4乏newtechnologieshaveallowedengineerstodesigncoasters

22、thatchangespeedsquickly，shootuphundredsoffeetintotheairandmakeallsortsoftwists.researchsuggeststhatextremefairgroundridestendtoappealparticularlytothoseofuswholeadstressful，structuredorcontrolledlives.itscertainlytruethatrollercoastersareawayofbreakingoutofthehumdrum(味的)expectationsofeverydaylife.th

23、emeparksallowustoactlikechildrenagain，toexperiencetrueexcitementandbehavealittlewildly.whereelseasanadultcanyouscreamatthetopofyourlungsandthrowyourarmsintheairwithoutbeingsentforpsychologicalevaluation?ifyourelookingforagreatplacethissummerwhereyoucangetintouchwithyourinnerrisktaker，headfortheneare

24、stthemepark.itsascream!语篇解读本文是说明文。文章指出了游乐场那些刺激的项目很有吸引力的原因。7whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorswife?ashegetsexcitedeasily.bshefearsextremerides.cshelovesblackpoolsbigone.dsherarelydisagreeswiththeauthor.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“mywifeisterrifiedofanythingmoreexcitingthanthemerrygoround.”可知，游乐场除旋转木马外，其他项目都让作者的妻子觉

25、得害怕。8whatdopeoplewithtypetpersonalitiestendtodo?aputtheirlivesatrisk.bstayenergeticallthetime.cavoidthe“protectiveframe”denjoyadventurousexperiences.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“typetsarethrillseekerswhowelcometheuncertaintyofactivitiesthatmostpeoplewouldfindhairraising.”可知，t型人格的人喜欢寻求刺激。9whathasrecentresearch

26、revealedaboutthetypetpersonality?aitisgeneticallydetermined.bitiscommonamongpeople.citiscausedbylivingseparately.ditisaresultofaphysicaldisorder.答案a5解析细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，t型人格由基因决定。10whatsthemainreasonwhytheauthorappreciatesextremefairgroundrides?atheyhelprelievestress.btheyaretechnologicallydesigned.c

27、theycontributetoparentkidrelationships.dtheyareareplacementforpsychologicalevaluation.答案a解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句可知，研究表明，生活压力大、受生活束缚的人更喜欢游乐场比较刺激的项目，作者对此表示认同，认为这些项目的确可以帮助人们摆脱单调的生活，释放自我。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。，itmaynotbethebestwaytogoaboutmeetingnewpeoplebutchatrooms

28、arestillamongthemostpopularchannels.wanttochatwithastrangernow？11，afterwhich，youneedtokeepthefollowingrulesinmind.12.detailssuchasyourphonenumberandhomeaddressorwhereyouattendclassesshouldremainpersonal.itisactuallynotaverygoodideatoshareyourlastnamewithastranger.evenifyoufeelyouhavemetsomeoneyourea

29、llylikeandgetalongwith，itisstillnecessarytowithholdsomeimportantdetails.befunandchataboutsomethingpersonal.thisdoesntmeangivingawaypersonaldetails，butyoucanshareyourlifeexperiencesandstorieswithstrangersaslongasyouarebothgoingwiththeflow.thereisreallynowayyouwillmanagetoknowthestrangersbetterunlessy

30、oubothgobeyondyourhobbies.13.remainincontrolatalltimes.thereisreallynoobligationonyoutocontinuewithchatsthatscareyouormakeyouuncomfortable.14.assoonassomethingannoysyou，feelfreetoleavethechat.letnobodyforceyouintoconversationsyoufindinappropriate.rtrynottodownloadthingsfromstrangers.15，butbecarefult

31、hatyoudontgetvirusesorhackedbysuchdownloads.youeallycantbesureofwhoyouaretalkingto，sobecautiousaboutdownloads.itisbestthatyousticktothechannelsofcommunicationmadeavailabletoyouandalsomakesurethatyouhavetherightcomputerprotectionevenwhenyoudownloadthings.achatroomsmakeitpossibletoshareallmanneroffile

32、s6bavoidsharingyourpersonaldetailswithrandomstrangerscsodonotbeafraidtogetalittlepersonalinyourrandomchatsdatnightitsnotappropriateforteenstostayinchatroomsaloneemanyfileswithvirusesareoftenpurposefullyspreadonthewebsitefthenyoushouldstartbyfindingachatroomreflectingyourinterestsgrememberyouarechatt

33、ingforfunandyoushouldremainfullyincontrol语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。进入聊天室与陌生人聊天是一种常见的娱乐方式，那么，如何在聊天的时候很好地保护自己呢？作者给我们提出了一些非常实用的建议。11答案f解析根据空前的问题和空后的半句可以看出，空处既要与前面的问题衔接，又要跟后面半句形成先后关系，故f项“那你应该先找到一个你感兴趣的聊天室”承上启下，符合语境。12答案b解析本空位于段首，是本段的主题句。本段讲的是隐私保护，而b项也是关于保护隐私的，再从选项的结构看，b项与其他段落的主题句一样，都是祈使句。故选b。13答案c解析根据本空所在段落的主题句可以看出，

34、这一段讲的是可以适当涉及个人方面的信息，而c项在含义上与本段的主题相同，且有主题句中的关键词personal。故选c。14答案g解析本空所在段落的主题句讲的是要一直控制好整个聊天的过程，而g项的内容和关键词remainfullyincontrol符合本段的主题。故选g。15答案aa解析本段讲的是尽量不要下载陌生人发送的文件以及下载时应注意的一些问题，空后是but引出的一个并列分句，因此本空所填内容应与后面的分句构成转折关系，项在内容上符合条件。故选a。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个

35、选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2019辽宁抚顺高三一模)inoneofmycollegeclasses，wewererequiredtodoanactofkindness.myprojectincluded16lunchforanelderlyperson.wheni17theelderlypersonwiththefoodicooked，itnever18tomethatitwouldresultinanewfriendshipandthediscoveryofa19.7hethepersonivisitedwasbill，whowasunableto20much.anurseca

36、meregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchairbecausehasno21.billsaidhewasdelightedtoseemeanditwasa22forhimtoeatamealwithmebecauseheusuallyeats23.hesaidthefoodwasgreat，butheenjoyedhaving24evenmorethanthefood.billhadhada25lifewhenworkingontherailroadandhadmany26storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplace

37、s.iwas27atripbecauseofhisstories.ihadonce28abouttravelingbytrain.however，iwould29begoingbytrainaftermeetingbill.perhapsthebiggest30ofthisprojectwasthatisuddenlyrealizedthatiam31ofworkingwiththeelderly.spendingtimewiththemwasfuntheyhavesomuchlifeexperienceto32.ontheonehand，iamagood33.ontheotherhand，o

38、lderpeoplewantsomeonetoknowtheirinnerworld，soitisaperfect34.idecidedtofocusmystudiesonthe35.hopefullyinthefuture，iwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikebill.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者读大学时，偶然的一次课题实践让作者确定了自己未来的职业方向。16a.buyingcpackingbdeliveringdpreparing答案d解析根据下文“whenitheelderlypersonwiththefoodicooked”可

39、知我的课题是为一位老人准备午餐。buy买；deliver发表；pack包装；prepare准备，故选d。17a.calledoncpickedupbcameacrossdturnedto答案a解析句意为：当我拿着我做好的午餐去拜访老人的时候，我从来没有想到这会给我带来一段新的友谊，并让我发现了将来适合我的职业。callon拜访；comeacross偶然遇到；pickup捡起；turnto转向，故选a。18a.happenedcoccurredbappealeddproved答案c解析参见上题解析。itneveroccurs/occurredtosb.that.某人从没想过。819a.trave

40、lplancholidaydestinationbcareerpathdcookingskill答案b解析我从来没想过这会给我带来一段新的友谊，并让我发现了将来适合我的职业。careerpath职业道路，符合语境。20a.talkcsitbeatdwalk答案d解析根据下文“anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchair”可知bill行动不便，不能走太多路。故选d。21a.moneycneighboursbrelativesdtime答案b解析上文说护士定期帮他上下轮椅，由此可推知bill没有亲戚。故选b。22a.treatcpri

41、vilegebfancydwaste答案a解析bill说他很高兴见到我，他说和我一起吃饭对他来说是一种款待。treat款待，特别待遇。故选a。23a.slowlycaloneblittledunhappily答案c解析上文说他没有亲戚，所以他一定经常独自吃饭。alone独自，单独。故选c。24a.familycfunbcompanydhealth答案b解析他说食物很棒，但他更喜欢有人陪伴(company)。故选b。25a.painfulcpeacefulbhopefuldcolorful答案d解析根据下文可知bill在铁路工作，他肯定有着丰富多彩的生活。故选d。26a.adventurousc

42、absorbingbfreshdsatisfying9答案c解析因为在铁路上工作，肯定要去很多地方旅行，所以他就有许多吸引人的故事要讲。absorbing吸引人的，引人入胜的。27a.intendingcallowingbpretendingdrequiring答案a解析因为他的故事，我打算进行一次旅行。intend打算，想要；pretend假装；allow允许；require要求，命令。故选a。28a.arguedcthoughtbhesitateddcared答案b解析根据下文“however，iwouldbegoingbytrainaftermeetingbill.”可知我曾经犹豫是否乘

43、火车旅行。hesitate(对某事)犹豫，迟疑不决。29a.unbelievablycunexpectedlybundoubtedlydunhurriedly答案b解析然而，我在见过bill之后，肯定会坐火车去旅行。unbelievably难以置信地；undoubtedly确实地，毋庸置疑地；unexpectedly出乎意料地；unhurriedly不慌不忙地。故选b。30a.aimcproblembimpressiondbonus答案d解析进行课题研究一定会收获什么，此处作者想表达的是这次课题最大的意外收获是他发现自己喜欢跟老年人在一起。下文“spendingtimewiththemwasf

44、un”也给出了提示。bonus意外收获，额外好处，符合语境。31a.awarecfondbprouddcertain答案c解析参见上题解析。befondof喜欢。32a.sharectreasurebdiscussdgain答案a解析和他们在一起很有趣他们有很多生活经验可以分享。故选a。33a.studentbcook10clearnerdlistener答案d解析结合语境及选项可知，此处意为“我是一个好的倾听者”。故选d。34a.choicecmatchbdealdgame答案c所解析另一方面，老年人也希望有人了解他们的内心世界，以这是一个完美的匹配。故选c。35a.oldcdisabled

45、bpoordhomeless答案ai解析根据下文“hopefullyinthefuture，willworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikebill.”一句可知，这里意思是我决定研究老年人。故选a。非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。chinasfirstartificialintelligence(ai)textbookforhighschoolstudents36.(bring)outlastweek，followingapl

46、anbycentralgovernment37.(include)aicoursesinprimaryandsecondaryschool.theninechaptertextbook,38.(name)“fundamentalsofartificialintelligence”，waswrittenbyoutstanding39.(scholar)fromwellknownschoolsnationwide，underthejointeffortsbytheresearchcenterformoocateastchinanormaluniversityandaistartupsensetime.itincludesthehistoryofaiandhowthete